Explain using balanced chemical equations, the alkaline hydrolysis reaction of esters.
Answer:
The alkaline hydrolysis of ester is known as saponification. When ester is heated with aqueous NaOH, sodium salt of acid and alcohol are formed.
The process of saponification of an ester in an alkaline solution. Alcohol and sodium salt of acid are created when the bis heated with aqueous NaOH.
What is saponification ?Esters are converted into soap and alcohol through the process of saponification, which uses an aqueous alkali. Fatty acids, which are long-chain carboxylic acids, are the building blocks of soaps. Sodium stearate is a regular soap ingredient.
From the Latin sapo, which signifies soap, the reaction is known as a saponification. The term is derived from the fact that fats were once hydrolyzed into esters to produce soap.
Particularly in the food industry, saponification is significant because it makes it simpler to estimate the amount of free fatty acids present in a specific food product. The quantity of free fatty acid can be determined by measuring how much alkali was needed to neutralize the fat or oil.
Thus,the alkaline hydrolysis reaction of esters is called as saponification.
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atoms and ions are held together by..
A.) nuclear bonds
B.) Stick bonds
C.) physical bonds
D.) Chemical bonds
Answer:
chemical bonds
Explanation:
The atoms in chemical compounds are held together by attractive electrostatic interactions known as chemical bonds. Ionic compounds contain positively and negatively charged ions in a ratio that results in an overall charge of zero. The ions are held together in a regular spatial arrangement by electrostatic forces.
PLEASE HELP WILL MARK BRAINLEST!!!
Answer:
I think its 3.6 to the right
Explanation:
I apologize if im wrong
Which of these objectives do you feel like you've accomplished so far?
In order to determine the objectives that you've accomplished, you should identify the steps required to test a hypothesis.
What is a scientific method?A scientific method refers to the various techniques and objectives that are adopted to observe, investigate, and study the natural world while giving explanations on the basis of the evidence, hypothesis, or factual information that are derived from a research work.
The steps of a scientific method.An effective and efficient way to accomplish your objectives during a research work include the following:
Make observations.Ask questions.Construct a hypothesis.Test the hypothesis with an investigation.Analyze the data.Explain the result.Communicate the result.In conclusion, you should identify the steps required to test a hypothesis in order to determine the objectives that you've accomplished.
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A scientist has two substances that she is testing in her lab: a pink
substance and a green substance. At room temperature, both substances
are liquids. The scientist transferred the same amount of energy into both
substances. She finds only the pink substance changed phase. How is the
pink substance different from the green substance? The pink substance
has a...
1) weaker attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules now
move away from each other.
2) weaker attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules now
move in place.
3) stronger attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules
now move away from each other.
4) stronger attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules
move around each other.
Answer:
1
Explanation:
........................
Can someone help me please
Answer: The pH of the substance is 8.25. The solution is basic.
Explanation:
pH or pOH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
pH is calculated by taking negative logarithm of hydronium ion concentration. The acids have pH ranging from 1 to 6.9 , salts have pH of 7 and bases have pH ranging from 7.1 to 14.
[tex]pH=-\log [H_3O^+][/tex]
Putting in the values:
[tex]pH=-\log[5.6\times 10^{-9}][/tex]
[tex]pH=8.25[/tex]
Thus as pH is more than 7, the solution is basic.
The pH of the substance is 8.25. The solution is basic.
Environments have changed over millions of years. Which of these would be best for a scientist to study when investigating these environmental changes?
A. volcanic deposits
B. weather forecasts
C. fossil records
D. ocean currents (There is no science subject so ima put mathematics)
Answer:
c
Explanation:
fossil records
(ONLY ANSWER IF U R SURE PLZ) A scientist is performing a fermentation of bioethanol and the current pH is roughly 6.5. What should the scientist do to get the pH to the optimum value of 5.0?
A. Increase the temperature, which will lower the pH.
B. Add an appropriate amount of acetic acid.
C. Adjust the airflow to allow more oxidation.
D. Add an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide.
D. Add an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide.
Usually, chemical processes require an optimum pH. This is the pH at which the desired chemical conversion gives the maximum yield.
As we can see, the pH of the system is much higher than the optimum pH. We can decrease the pH to the optimum pH of 5.0 by adding an appropriate amount of a base such as NaOH.
Hence, the pH can be brought to 5.0 from 6.5 by adding an appropriate amount of NaOH.
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1. In apothecaries' measures: 1 scruple = 20 grains, 1 ounce = 480 grains, 1 oz = 28.34 g
What is the mass in micrograms of 5.00 scruples? Remember the known and the
unknown?!
Answer:
5.89 g × 10⁶ μg
Explanation:
Step 1: Convert 5.00 scruples to grains
We will use the conversion factor 1 scruple = 20 grains.
5.00 scruple × 20 grain/1 scruple = 100 grain
Step 2: Convert 100 grains to ounces
We will use the conversion factor 1 oz = 480 grains.
100 grain × 1 oz/480 grain = 0.208 oz
Step 3: Convert 0.208 oz to grams
We will use the conversion factor 1 oz = 28.34 g.
0.208 oz × 28.34 g/1 oz = 5.89 g
Step 4: Convert 5.89 g to micrograms
We will use the conversion factor 1 g = 10⁶ μg.
5.89 g × 10⁶ μg/1 g = 5.89 g × 10⁶ μg
The mass in micrograms of 5 scruples is 5.9×10⁶ μg
We'll begin by converting 5 scruples to grains.
1 scruple = 20 grains
Therefore,
5 scruples = 5 × 20
5 scruples = 100 grains Next, we shall convert 100 grains to grams480 grains = 1 ounce
But
1 ounce = 28.34 g
Thus, we can say that
480 drains = 28.34 g
Therefore,
100 grains = (100 × 28.34) / 480
100 grains = 5.9 grams Finally, we shall convert 5.9 grams to micro grams1 g = 1×10⁶ μg
Therefore,
5.9 g = 5.9 × 1×10⁶ μg
5.9 g = 5.9×10⁶ μgTherefore, 5 scruples is equivalent to 5.9×10⁶ μg
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What is the benefit of adding sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid?
Answer:
When sodium hydroxide react with sulphuric acid they form Sodium sulphate and water. The reactants is base and an acid, which leads to neutralization process and yields a salt .
Answered by The One and only #Queen
a chemical formula is made up of carbon and oxygen. they have 27% and 73% respectively.
A.what is the empirical formula of the chemical substance?
B.name the compound you identified in A above.
Answer:
A. CO₂
B. carbon dioxide
Explanation:
To determine the empirical formula of a compound, we need to follow a series of steps.
Step 1: Divide each mass percent by the atomic mass of the element
C: 27/12.01 = 2.25
O: 73/16.00 = 4.56
Step 2: Divide all the numbers by the smallest one, i.e., 2.25
C: 2.25/2.25 = 1
O: 4.56/2.25 ≈ 2
The empirical formula of the compound is CO₂. The name of this compound is carbon dioxide.
HELP ME PLSSSSSSSSSSSSAA
Answer:
If capital R is round, than the RR and Rr will mean round, and the two rr's are wrinkled. that means the answer to both is 50%
Explanation:
hope that helps
Question
How much of 3 M NaOH will be required to make 100 mL of 0.05 M NaOH?
Select the correct answer below:
5 mL
1.7 mL
0.15 mL
30 mL
Answer:
1.7 mL
Explanation:
start with formula M1V1=M2V2
then plug in values (3)V1=(100)(.05) and solve for V1
V1= 1.66
According to molar concentration, 1.7 ml of of 3 M NaOH is required to make 100 ml of of 0.05 M NaOH.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.
In case of 2 solutions, molarity is determined as, M₁V₁=M₂V₂
Substitution of values gives, V₁=0.05×100/3=1.7 ml.
Thus, 1,7 ml of 3 M NaOH will be required to make 100 mL of 0.05 M NaOH.
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PLEASE HELP ME ON THIS QUESTION
Which of these results from cell division?
A. cells expand their membranes and double in size
B. cells separate all of their organelles into smaller parts
C. multiple daughter cells share a single nucleus
D. multiple daughter cells are formed from one parent cell
Answer:
. multiple daughter cells are formed from one parent cell
How can radioisotopes help in promoting clean technology in the mitigation of the effect of climate change? What are the challenges in the application of this technology?
Forget about mitigating climate change. Our planet has been warming nicely for the last three hundred years or more, and is a lot more productive and comfortable to live on than it was back then. All we have to do is not stuff it up.
HOPE IT HELPS U
FOLLOW MY ACCOUNT PLS PLS
A balloon inflated in a room at 24°C has a volume of 4.00 L. The balloon is then heated to a temperature of
58°C. What is the new volume if the pressure remains constant?
Answer: 4.46 L
Explanation: By using Charles’s Law, we know that V1/T1=V2/T2. And whenever temperature is involved, you have to convert from Celsius to Kelvin (C° + 273). So, 4.00/ 24 +273 = V2/ 58 + 273. So the answer is, around 4.46 L.
A chemistry student weighs out 0.128g of chloroacetic acid HCH2ClCO2 into a 250.mL volumetric flask and dilutes to the mark with distilled water. He plans to titrate the acid with 0.0700M NaOH solution. Calculate the volume of NaOH solution the student will need to add to reach the equivalence point. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Answer:
19.3 mL
Explanation:
First we convert 0.128 g of chloroacetic acid into moles, using its molar mass:
0.128 g ÷ 94.5 g/mol = 1.354x10⁻³ molAs this acid is monoprotic, it requires the same number of moles of NaOH to be neutralized. This means that 1.354x10⁻³ moles of NaOH are required.
Now we calculate the volume of NaOH solution, using the given concentration and calculated number of moles:
Molarity = moles / litersliters = moles / Molarity1.354x10⁻³ mol / 0.0700 M = 0.0193 LWe can convert liters into mL:
0.0193 L * 1000 = 19.3 mLWithout using the value of So, predict the sign for
a) 2K(s) + F2(g) → 2KF(g)
b) NaClO3(s) → Na+(aq) + ClO3-(aq)
c) 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g)
d) H2S(g) + O2(g) → S8(s) + H2O(g)
Answer:
a) 2f
B)CIO3+na
c)2NO2(g)
d)HSO3(h)
Explanation:
The sign of entropy depends on the number of gaseous substance in the system. In the first reaction, the number of gaseous particles increase in the product hence, randomness increases and thereby entropy is positive.
What is entropy ?Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity which measures the randomness of the system. As the disorder in the system increases, the entropy increases and the entropy change is said to be positive in sign.
In the first reaction, in the product side, 2 moles of gaseous substance is formed, which increases the randomness, hence, entropy change is positive.
In the second reaction, the more ordered solid state is getting into less ordered aqueous state. Hence, S is positive.
For the third reaction, the number of moles of gas decreases from 3 to 2. Hence S is negative. For the last reaction, there is no change in number of moles or state of substance and no change in S.
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A gas made up of atoms escapes through a pinhole 0.392 times as fast as Ne gas. Write the chemical formula of the gas.
Answer: The chemical formula of the gas is Xenon.
Explanation:
From Graham's law of effusion rates, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
[tex]\frac{rate_1}{rate_2}=\sqrt{\frac{M_2}{M_1}}[/tex]
Given: Rate of unknown gas = [tex]0.392\times R_{Ne}[/tex]
Putting the values in the formula:
[tex]\frac{rate_X}{rate_{Ne}}=\sqrt{\frac{M_{Ne}}{M_X}}[/tex]
[tex]0.392=\sqrt{\frac{20.17}{M_X}}[/tex]
Squaring both sides:
[tex]0.154=\frac{20.17}{M_X}[/tex]
[tex]M_X=131g/mol[/tex]
As Xenon (Xe) has molar mass of 131g/mol, Thus the chemical formula of the gas is Xenon.
A 31.0 mL sample of 0.624M perchloric acid is titrated with a 0.258M sodium hydroxide solution.
What is the (H+) molarity after the addition of 15.0 mL of KOH?
Answer:
0.0922 M
Explanation:
The problem first states that the titration is made using NaOH, and later asks about the addition of KOH. I'm going to assume NaOH was used throughout the whole problem. The result does not change if it was KOH instead.
The reaction that takes place is:
HClO₄ + NaOH → NaClO₄ + H₂OFirst we calculate how many HClO₄ moles are there in the sample, using the given molarity and volume:
0.624 M * 13.0 mL = 8.11 mmol HClO₄Then we calculate how many NaOH moles were added:
0.258 M * 15.0 mL = 3.87 mmol NaOHNow we calculate how many HClO₄ remained after the reaction:
8.11 - 3.87 = 4.24 mmol HClO₄As HClO₄ is a strong acid, 4.24 mmol HClO₄ = 4.24 mmol H⁺
Finally we calculate the molarity of H⁺, using the calculated number of moles and final volume:
Final volume = 31.0 mL + 15.0 mL = 46.0 mL4.24 mmol / 46.0 mL = 0.0922 MTrue or False: Having a greater volume definitely means a lower concentration (molarity) solution
Having a greater volume definitely means a lower concentration (molarity) of solution. So, the statement is true.
What is meant by molarity of a solution ?Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute present per unit volume of solution.
Here,
Since, the number of moles of solute in one litre of solution is known as the molarity, we can say that the change in volume of the solution will affect the molarity of the solution.
Molarity, M = n/V
where n is the number of moles of solute and V is the volume of solution
From the equation, we can say that the molarity of the solution is inversely proportional to its volume.
We know that, molarity of a solution is a temperature dependent parameter.
As the volume of the solution increases, the temperature also increases( Volume [tex]\alpha[/tex] Temperature). When the temperature increases, it affects the molarity of the solution such that the number of moles remains constant and as a result of the increasing volume, the molarity decreases.
Hence,
Having a greater volume definitely means a lower concentration (molarity) of solution.
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If the reaction is begun with an initial PH3 concentration of 0.95 M, what will be the concentration of PH3 after 30.50 s
Answer:
[tex][PH_3]=0.30M[/tex] but see detailed explanation, please.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, unfortunately, we are not given the rate constant but we can set up a reaction according to the information available on the internet:
[tex]4PH_3\rightarrow P_4+6H_2[/tex]
Whose rate constant is 0.0375/s. In such a way, it is possible infer that this is first-order reaction whose integrated rate law is:
[tex][PH_3]=[PH_3]_0exp(-kt)[/tex]
Thus, given the initial concentration, rate constant and elapsed time, the final concentration of PH3 would be:
[tex][PH_3]=(0.95M)exp(-30.50s*0.0375/s)\\\\[/tex]
[tex][PH_3]=0.30M[/tex]
However, it is important to keep in mind this result may vary according to your actual question.
Regards!
explain why vendors keep 'dry ice' in their ice cream boxes
Vendors keep 'dry ice' in their ice cream boxes in order to prevent melting of dry ice.
Why vendors keep 'dry ice' in their ice cream boxes?Dry ice melts if it is placed in the open space because the carbondioxide gas is compressed with pressure. As carbon dioxide changes to gas, it escape to the atmosphere. If you use an airtight container such as ice cream box, the gas cannot escape.
So we can conclude that vendors keep 'dry ice' in their ice cream boxes in order to prevent melting of dry ice.
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Are based on the intrinsic properties of the chemical
Answer:
In materials science, an intrinsic property is independent of how much of a material is present and is independent of the form of the material, e.g., one large piece or a collection of small particles. Intrinsic properties are dependent mainly on the fundamental chemical composition and structure of the material.
Explanation:
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An unknown aqueous metal analysis yielded a detector response of 0.255. When 1.00 mL of a solution containing 100.0 ppm of the metal was mixed with 99.0 mL of the unknown, the detector signal increased to 0.502. Calculate the concentration of the metal in the unknown solution. Report your answer in ppm
Answer:
1.022ppm is the unknown concentration of the metal
Explanation:
Based on Lambert-Beer law, the increasing in signal of a detector is directly proportional to its concentration.
The unknown concentration (X) produces a signal of 0.255
99mL * X + 1mL * 100ppm / 100mL produces a signal of 0.502
0.99X + 1ppm produce 0.502, thus, X is:
0.255 * (0.99X + 1 / 0.502) =
X = 0.503X + 0.508
0.497X = 0.508
X =
1.022ppm is the unknown concentration of the metal
the table shows the pH levels of four common items. If a student tests a sample of each item, which will turn a strip of red litmus paper blue?
a-lemon juice
b- vinegar
c-coffee
d-hand soap
please answer and have an explanation.
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What is the wavelength of a photon with a frequency of 4.72 x 1014 Hz?
A. 635 nm
B. 142 nm
C. 421 nm
D. 313 nm
Answer:
635 nm
Explanation:
more simple answer
The correct option is (a) 635 nm.
What is a simple definition of a wavelength?A wavelength that is carried in space or down a wire has a wavelength, which is the separation between two identical places (adjacent crests) in the consecutive cycles.Wavelength is usually denoted by the Greek letter lambda (λ)Given,
λ=6.36×10−7 m
Let C = the speed of light =3.00× [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s
Let f = the frequency = 4.72 × [tex]10^{14}[/tex] Hz
Let λ= the unknown wavelength
Now apply formula of wavelength
λ = C /f
λ = [tex]\frac{3.00 * 10^{8 }m/s }{4.72 * 10^{14} Hz}[/tex]
λ = 6.36 × [tex]10^{-7}[/tex] m
λ = 635 m
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1. This is very important in preventing the spread of pathogens in the kitchen.
Graphite and diamond are both solid forms of the element carbon. Which statement explains
the different properties of these two forms of carbon?
(1) Diamond has ionic bonding and graphite has metallic bonding.
(2) Diamond has metallic bonding and graphite has ionic bonding.
(3) Diamond has a different crystal structure from graphite.
(4) Diamond has carbon atoms with more valence electrons than graphite.
Answer: C diamond has a different crystal structure from graphite
Explanation:
The difference between the properties of two forms of carbon is that
Diamond has a crystal structure different from graphite.
Graphite and Diamond are known as allotropes of Carbon as they have the
same chemical properties but different crystal structure.
Diamonds form a 3 crystal lattice with no flexibility while Graphite are
bonded to sheets which makes them slide easily within one another and
gives it its soft texture.
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