The pricing strategy that your team planned to adopt is called skimming pricing strategy. The advantages of this strategy include Profit Maximization, Brand Image etc.
Skimming pricing involves setting a high initial price for a new and unique product and gradually reducing the price over time. This strategy allows your team to target early adopters and customers who are willing to pay a premium price for the innovative features or benefits of the product.
Profit Maximization: By setting a high initial price, your team can capture maximum revenue from customers who value the unique features of the product and are willing to pay a premium.Brand Image: A high initial price can create an image of exclusivity and quality for the product, positioning it as a premium offering in the market.Early Adopter Focus: Skimming pricing allows your team to target early adopters who are more likely to embrace new and innovative products, generating positive word-of-mouth and creating a buzz in the market.Competitive Advantage: Setting a high price initially can deter potential competitors from entering the market and undercutting your pricing, giving your team a competitive advantage and allowing time to establish a strong market presence.Price Reduction Flexibility: Gradually lowering the price over time enables your team to expand the customer base and appeal to more price-sensitive segments, ensuring broader market penetration and sustained sales growth.To know more about Skimming pricing refer to-
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one of the most important changes regarding pass-through entities as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is the addition of:
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 made significant changes to the tax code that affected individuals and businesses. One of the most important changes was the inclusion of a 20 percent deduction for pass-through business income. More than 100 words regarding the changes regarding pass-through entities as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act are given below.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 made significant changes to the tax code that affected individuals and businesses. One of the most important changes was the inclusion of a 20 percent deduction for pass-through business income. More than 100 words regarding the changes regarding pass-through entities as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act are given below.Pass-through businesses refer to sole proprietorships, partnerships, limited liability companies (LLCs), and S corporations. These businesses don't pay taxes directly; rather, their profits and losses "pass through" to their owners' individual tax returns. As a result, these businesses' income is subject to individual tax rates, which are typically higher than corporate tax rates. The TCJA established a new deduction for qualified business income (QBI) for eligible pass-through entities beginning in 2018. This deduction allows eligible businesses to reduce their taxable income by up to 20% of their QBI. The maximum deduction amount is generally limited to 20% of the taxpayer's taxable income minus their net capital gains. The TCJA also included a limitation on the QBI deduction for certain service businesses. If the owner's taxable income exceeds a certain threshold, the QBI deduction is phased out. The threshold for 2020 is $326,600 for married filing jointly taxpayers and $163,300 for single filers. The phase-out range is $100,000 for married filing jointly taxpayers and $50,000 for single filers. The QBI deduction is a significant tax benefit for many small business owners. It can reduce their taxable income and their overall tax liability. However, the rules for the QBI deduction are complex, and not all pass-through businesses are eligible. Taxpayers should consult with their tax advisors to determine if they qualify for this deduction.
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A building with an appraisal value of $137,000 is made available at an offer price of $142,000. The purchaser acquires the property for $30,000 in cash, a 90-day note payable for $40,000, and a mortgage amounting to $67,000. The cost basis recorded in the buyer's accounting records to recognize this purchase is:
Group of answer choices
$100,000
$130,000
$142,000
$137,000
The total purchase price is $137,000 ($30,000 + $40,000 + $67,000), which is equal to the appraisal value of the building. The cost basis recorded in the buyer's accounting records to recognize this purchase is $137,000. Hence, the correct option is $137,000 (Second Option).
The purchaser acquires the property for $30,000 in cash, a 90-day note payable for $40,000, and a mortgage amounting to $67,000. The cost basis recorded in the buyer's accounting records to recognize this purchase is $137,000. The cost basis of an asset is used for accounting and tax purposes. The cost basis is the initial amount paid for an asset plus any additional costs incurred in purchasing and maintaining the asset. The cost basis is used to determine the amount of capital gain or loss when the asset is sold or disposed of. Here, the purchaser acquires the property for $30,000 in cash, a 90-day note payable for $40,000, and a mortgage amounting to $67,000.
Therefore, the correct option is Second ($130,000).
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1. SGWhas experienced the following workers‘ compensation losses
at two of their cleaning plants over 10-year period shown below.
(20)
year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
plant #1 losses 800 400 200 0 400 600
The expected loss and the standard deviation of the loss for SGW based on the experience of plant #1 losses are $360 and $285 respectively.
To find the expected loss, we use the formula:
E(X) = ∑ (x * P(x))
where E(X) = expected loss, x = the plant losses, P(x) = probability of plant losses
The total number of plant losses is 10. Let the probability of each loss be equal i.e. 1/10. Thus:
P(x) = 1/10
For each plant loss, we multiply the probability of the loss by the value of the loss. We add up these products to get the expected loss:
E(X) = (800 * 1/10) + (400 * 1/10) + (200 * 1/10) + (0 * 1/10) + (400 * 1/10) + (600 * 1/10) + (200 * 1/10) + (600 * 1/10) + (0 * 1/10) + (800 * 1/10)
E(X) = $360
The expected loss is $360.
To find the standard deviation, we use the formula:
σ = sqrt[∑(x - E(X))^2P(x)]
where σ = standard deviation, x = the plant losses, E(X) = expected loss, P(x) = probability of plant losses
Substituting the values we have:
σ = sqrt[(800 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (400 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (200 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (0 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (400 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (600 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (200 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (600 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (0 - 360)^2 * 1/10 + (800 - 360)^2 * 1/10]
σ = $285
The standard deviation of the loss is $285.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: SGWhas experienced the following workers‘ compensation losses at two of their cleaning plants over 10-year period shown below.
year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
plant #1 losses 800 400 200 0 400 600 200 600 0 800
plant #2 losses 400 400 600 200 0 200 0 800 800 600
SGW is considering whether to purchase insurance or to self-insurance these losses. Based on the experience of plant #1 losses only, estimate the expected loss and the standard deviation of the loss.
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During 2016, Crema Manufacturing expected Job 59 to cost $300,000 in overhead, $500,000 in material, and $200,000 in labour. Crema applied overhead based on direct labour cost. Actual production required $280,000 in overhead cost, $550,000 in materials used, and $220,000 in labour. All of the goods were completed. How much is the amount of over-or under-applied overhead?
$50,000 under-applied
$50,000 over-applied
$20,000 under-applied
$20,000 over-applied
The amount of over- or under-applied overhead for Job 59 is $50,000 under-applied.
To calculate the amount of over- or under-applied overhead, we need to compare the overhead cost applied based on the predetermined rate with the actual overhead cost incurred. In this case, the predetermined overhead rate is calculated by dividing the expected overhead cost by the expected direct labor cost:
Predetermined Overhead Rate = Expected Overhead / Expected Direct Labor Cost
= $300,000 / $200,000
= $1.50 per dollar of direct labor cost
Next, we can calculate the overhead applied to Job 59 using the predetermined rate. The direct labor cost for Job 59 is $220,000, so the applied overhead would be:
Overhead Applied = Predetermined Overhead Rate * Actual Direct Labor Cost
= $1.50 * $220,000
= $330,000
The actual overhead cost incurred for Job 59 is $280,000. To determine the amount of over- or under-applied overhead, we subtract the actual overhead cost from the applied overhead:
Over- or Under-Applied Overhead = Applied Overhead - Actual Overhead
= $330,000 - $280,000
= $50,000 under-applied
Therefore, the amount of over- or under-applied overhead for Job 59 is $50,000 under-applied.
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6) Name major methods of analysis that distinguish alternative investments from traditional investments. 7) Describe an incomplete market. 8) Define active management.
6) The two analysis methods that distinguish alternative investments from traditional investments are qualitative and quantitative methods.
7) An incomplete market refers to a financial market in which some of the essential information required for investors is unavailable.
8) Active management refers to the process of buying and selling securities within a portfolio to achieve higher returns than a benchmark index.
6) There are two major methods of analysis that distinguish alternative investments from traditional investments; qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods depend on the assessment of the managerial skill, knowledge, and experience of the portfolio manager. These methods are useful to access the management of hedge funds, venture capital, and private equity funds.
Quantitative methods depend on the analytical techniques used to evaluate investment performance. Quantitative methods help to compare hedge funds, venture capital, and private equity funds to traditional investments like equities and bonds.
7) An incomplete market is a financial market where some of the essential information required for investors is unavailable or not transparent. It is a market where investors cannot trade on all the assets available in the market and, therefore, cannot form a portfolio that optimizes their risk and return requirements.
This is generally because the necessary information and data on certain securities or asset classes are not readily available, leaving investors unable to determine the fair value of these securities.
8) Active management is the process of buying and selling securities within a portfolio to achieve higher returns than a benchmark index. Active management is when a professional money manager actively makes investment decisions for a portfolio of stocks, bonds, or other securities. It aims to generate returns that are better than the market.
The goal of active management is to achieve higher returns than those of passive management. In active management, investors invest in a portfolio that is selected and managed by a fund manager.
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Sally would like to save money every year for retirement in 30 years. She plans to start by depositing $1,000 next month in an account that pays 6% annual percentage rate. Afterwards, the amount of her deposit will grow by 0.5% each month. Which of the following will increase the total amount of savings she can have at retirement?
I. Deposit a constant amount of $2,000 every month
II. Deposit $1,500 in the first month and the savings grows by 0.2% each month III. Deposit $800 in the first month and the savings grows by 0.65% each month IV. Deposit in a different account that pays 6.2% effective annual rate.
A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. II and IV only E. III and IV only
The correct option is A. I and II only. Depositing $2,000 each month and Depositing in a different account that pays a 6.2% effective annual rate will increase the total amount of savings she can have at retirement.
Sally has decided to save money every year for retirement in 30 years. She plans to start by depositing $1,000 next month in an account that pays a 6% annual percentage rate. Then, the amount of her deposit will increase by 0.5% each month. Sally wants to increase the amount of her total savings at retirement. To achieve this, she must opt for depositing $2,000 every month. This constant amount will make her savings grow in value consistently and as such the total amount will be increased in the future.
Another option is to deposit the savings in another account that pays a 6.2% effective annual rate. This account pays a higher interest rate compared to the initial account, which means it would increase the total amount of savings at retirement. Therefore, I and III only will increase the total amount of savings she can have at retirement.
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Which of the following note disclosures is required for
partnerships that apply ASPE?
A. The jurisdiction that the partnership was created in.
B. The fact that the partnership is subject to
Partnerships that apply ASPE (Accounting Standards for Private Enterprises) are required to make certain note disclosures. One of following note disclosures is required for partnerships that apply ASPE: The fact that partnership is subject to ASPE. Correct answer is option B
Note disclosures required for partnerships that apply ASPEThe following are the note disclosures that partnerships must make when they apply ASPE:1. An explanation of significant accounting policies used by the partnership: The financial statements should include an explanation of significant accounting policies used by the partnership in preparing the financial statements.
The fact that the partnership is subject to ASPE: A partnership should disclose the fact that it is subject to ASPE.3. The nature and extent of any concentration of credit risk: A partnership should provide disclosure of any significant concentration of credit risk.
The existence and amount of any commitments, contingencies, and contractual obligations: Disclosure of all significant commitments, contingencies, and contractual obligations is required. 5. Related party transactions: Any significant transactions with related parties should be disclosed, along with the nature of the relationship between the partnership and the related parties.
In conclusion, partnerships that apply ASPE are required to make certain note disclosures. The fact that the partnership is subject to ASPE is one of the required note disclosures.
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Consider an equally weighted portfolio that contains five stocks. If the average volatility of these stocks is 40% and the average correlation between the stocks is .5, then the volatility of this equally weighted portfolio is closest to:
Group of answer choices
a. 17
b .31
c. .41
d .19
.d .19 qually weighted portfolio that contains five stocks. If the average volatility of these stocks is 40% and the average correlation between the stocks is .5, then the volatility of this equally weighted portfolio is closest to:
to calculate the volatility of an equally weighted portfolio, we need to consider the average volatility of the individual stocks and their average correlation.
in this case, the average volatility of the stocks is given as 40%, and the average correlation between the stocks is 0.5.
to calculate the portfolio volatility, we can use the formula:
portfolio volatility = square root of [(weight of stock 1 * volatility of stock 1)² + (weight of stock 2 * volatility of stock 2)² + ... + (weight of stock n * volatility of stock n)² + 2 * (weight of stock 1 * volatility of stock 1) * (weight of stock 2 * volatility of stock 2) * correlation(stock 1, stock 2) + ... + 2 * (weight of stock n-1 * volatility of stock n-1) * (weight of stock n * volatility of stock n) * correlation(stock n-1, stock n)]
since the portfolio is equally weighted, each stock has a weight of 1/5 or 0.2.
plugging in the given values into the formula, we get:
portfolio volatility = sqrt[(0.2 * 0.4)² + (0.2 * 0.4)² + (0.2 * 0.4)² + (0.2 * 0.4)² + (0.2 * 0.4)² + 2 * (0.2 * 0.4) * (0.2 * 0.4) * 0.5 + ...]
calculating this expression, we find that the portfolio volatility is closest to 0.19. 19.
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Managers assang the context of a straleric change know they tuv: la concabet preservation: Viti
of the fotowing questions should they ask?
Select one:
a. What power does the change leader have to impose change?
b. What power does the change leader have to impose change?
c. What is the managerial capability to implement change?
d. What organisational resources and characteristics need to be maintained throughout the
diange process?
Managers assessing the context of a strategic change should ask What organizational resources and characteristics need to be maintained throughout the change process.
What are the key organizational resources and characteristics to consider for successful change implementation?When assessing the context of a strategic change, managers need to evaluate the resources and characteristics that are essential to maintain throughout the change process. This involves identifying the key elements within the organization that contribute to its overall functioning and success.
It could include tangible resources such as financial capital, technology, and infrastructure, as well as intangible aspects like organizational culture, employee expertise, and stakeholder relationships.
By understanding the crucial resources and characteristics, managers can ensure that the change initiative aligns with the organization's capabilities and doesn't compromise its core strengths. They can develop strategies to leverage existing resources, identify potential gaps, and allocate resources effectively to support the change efforts.
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If you want to save $40,000 for a down payment on a home in five years, assuming an interest rate of 4.8 percent compounded annually, how much money do you need to save at the end of each month?
a.
$591.19
b.
$592.73
c.
$610.52
d.
$622.37
To save $40,000 for a down payment on a home in five years, with an annual interest rate of 4.8 percent compounded annually, you would need to save approximately $591.19 at the end of each month. The correct option is a.
The calculation involves determining the monthly savings required to reach the desired goal over a specific period with compound interest. To find the monthly savings, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A = the desired future amount ($40,000)
P = the initial principal (unknown)
r = annual interest rate (4.8% or 0.048)
n = number of times the interest is compounded per year (annually)
t = number of years (5)
Rearranging the formula to solve for P, we get:
P = A / (1 + r/n)^(nt)
Substituting the given values, we have:
P = $40,000 / (1 + 0.048/1)^(1*5)
P ≈ $40,000 / (1.048)^5
P ≈ $32,853.80
To find the monthly savings, we divide the principal amount by the number of months in five years:
Monthly savings = $32,853.80 / (5 * 12)
Monthly savings ≈ $32,853.80 / 60
Monthly savings ≈ $547.56
Therefore, to save $40,000 for a down payment on a home in five years, you would need to save approximately $591.19 at the end of each month. The closest answer choice provided is option (a) $591.19.
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What are the monthly savings if a borrower refinances their $185,000 30-year mortgage from 4.25% to 3.75%? Express the savings as a positive number to the second decimal.
Given a 30-year mortgage of $185,000 and a refinance from 4.25% to 3.75%, we are to calculate the monthly savings: The monthly payment of a mortgage is calculated using the formula below:
Monthly payment = P (r(1+r)^n)/((1+r)^n -1) .
where P is the loan amount, r is the monthly interest rate, and n is the total number of payments (number of years * 12).
Monthly payment = P (r(1+r)^n)/((1+r)^n -1) Here,
P = $185,000
r = 4.25/100/12
= 0.00354 (monthly interest rate) and
n = 30*12
= 360 Substituting the values in the formula above, we get:
Monthly payment = 185000(0.00354(1+0.00354)^360)/((1+0.00354)^360 -1) .
Monthly payment = $912.86Let x be the new monthly payment and y be the savings after refinancing. Then, we have:
x = 185000(0.003125(1+0.003125)^360)/((1+0.003125)^360 -1)
y = 912.86 - x
Simplifying the above expressions,
x = 185000(0.003125(1.003125)^360)/((1.003125)^360 -1)
x = $859.53 Therefore,
y = 912.86 - 859.53
y = $53.33
$53.33 is the monthly savings if a borrower refinances their $185,000 30-year mortgage from 4.25% to 3.75%.
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1. The imposition of an integer restriction is necessary for models where a. nonnegativity constraints are needed. b. variables can take negative values. c, the decision variables cannot take fractional values. d. possible values of variables are restricted to particular intervals. 2. In binary integer linear program, the integer variables take only the values a. 0 or 1 b. 0 or 8. c. 1 or 8. d. 1 or-1 3. Which of the following is true of rounding the optimized solution of a linear program to an integer? a. It always produces the most optimal integer solution. b. It always produces a feasible solution. c. It does not affect the value of the objective function. d. It may or may not be feasible. 1. In a nonlinear optimization problem a. the objective function is a nonlinear function of the constraints b. all the constraints are nonlinear only when the objective is to maximize the function of the decision variables. c. at least one term in the objective function or a constraint is nonlinear d. both the objective function and the constraints must have all nonlinear terms. 2. A feasible solution is a(n) objective function value in the immediate neighborhood. if there are no other feasible solutions with a better a. efficient frontier b. local optimum c. global maximum d. diverging function 3. A feasible solution is function value in the entire feasible region. if there are no other feasible points with a better objective a. infeasible b. unbounded c. nonlinear d. a global optimum 4. Solving nonlinear problems with local optimal solutions is performed using in Excel Solver, which is based on more classical optimization techniques. a. Goal Seeker b. Linear Regression c. GRG Nonlinear d. Simplex LP
Nonlinear issues are those in mathematics or the real world that involve nonlinear relationships or equations. Nonlinear problems show more complex and non-proportional interactions between variables than linear problems, which have proportional and additive correlations between variables.
1. The imposition of an integer restriction is necessary for models where the decision variables cannot take fractional values. This statement is true. Integer constraints can be necessary to create binary variables in optimization models. For optimization problems, you sometimes need to model situations in which variables can only take certain discrete values, such as 0 or 1. Binary variables, such as x = 0 or 1, are examples of integer restrictions in which the variables can only take on the value of 0 or 1.
2. In binary integer linear programs, the integer variables take only the values of 0 or 1. This statement is true. Binary integer linear programming is the term used for linear programming problems in which all variables must be either 0 or 1.
3. It may or may not be feasible. This statement is true. Rounding the optimized solution of a linear program to an integer is not a guaranteed way to find a feasible integer solution. The optimized solution might still have constraints that are not satisfied when the solution is rounded.
4. In a nonlinear optimization problem, at least one term in the objective function or a constraint is nonlinear. This statement is true. Nonlinear optimization is used when the problem is not linear. The objective function and/or constraints have at least one nonlinear term, and the problem's constraints are nonlinear. Nonlinear programming issues are prevalent in real-world issues, especially in engineering and finance.
2. A feasible solution is a local optimum. This statement is true. A feasible solution is a solution that satisfies all of the constraints. A feasible solution that is the best among all feasible solutions in the immediate vicinity is known as a local optimum. A feasible solution that is the best among all feasible solutions is known as a global optimum.
3. A feasible solution is a global optimum. This statement is false. A feasible solution that is the best among all feasible solutions is known as a global optimum. A feasible solution that satisfies all of the constraints is known as a feasible solution.
4. Solving nonlinear problems with local optimal solutions is performed using GRG Nonlinear, which is based on more classical optimization techniques. This statement is true. Solving nonlinear problems with local optimal solutions is accomplished using GRG Nonlinear, which is a more traditional optimization method.
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The economic question of ______ often is referred to as the distribution question.
The economic question of "who gets what" often is referred to as the distribution question.
The distribution question in economics focuses on how resources, income, and wealth are allocated among individuals and groups within a society. It addresses the issue of how the benefits and burdens of economic activity are distributed and who receives the goods, services, and rewards produced by an economy.
In a market-based economy, the distribution of resources and income is primarily determined by market forces, such as supply and demand and the willingness to pay. However, market outcomes may not always result in a fair or equitable distribution of wealth and resources. Some individuals or groups may accumulate disproportionate amounts of wealth, while others may struggle to meet their basic needs.
The distribution question becomes particularly relevant when considering issues of income inequality, poverty, social mobility, and the concentration of wealth. It explores whether economic outcomes are just and whether the benefits of economic growth are shared fairly across society.
Various theories and perspectives exist regarding the distribution question. Different economic systems and societies adopt different approaches to address distribution, whether through taxation policies, welfare programs, minimum wage regulations, or other means of redistributive measures.
Ultimately, the distribution question highlights the broader social and ethical dimensions of economics. It raises important considerations about equity, social justice, and the role of government in shaping and influencing the distribution of resources and opportunities in society.
In summary, the distribution question in economics pertains to the allocation of resources, income, and wealth within a society. It focuses on how economic benefits and burdens are distributed among individuals and groups and plays a central role in discussions on equity, social justice, and the role of government in shaping economic outcomes.
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(Calculation of new ratio and gaining ratio) P, Q and Rare partners Sharing profits in the ratio of 3 / 8, 1/2 and 1/8.Q retires and surrenders 2 his share in favour of P and the remaining share in favour of R. Calculate new profit sharing and the gaining ratio of the remaining partners.
The new profit-sharing ratio of P, Q, and R is 47 : 0 : 53, and the gaining ratio of P and R is 101 : 1. To calculate the new profit-sharing and the gaining ratio of the remaining partners, we first need to find out the new ratio after the retirement of Q.
Given ,P, Q, and R are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3/8, 1/2, and 1/8 respectively. Q retires and surrenders his 2 shares in favor of P and the remaining shares in favor of R.
Solution: Before the retirement of Q, The ratio of profits shared by P, Q, and R is 3/8 : 1/2 : 1/8or (3 × 4) : (8 × 2) : (1 × 8)12 : 16 : 2or 6 : 8 : 1
Gaining ratio of P and R after Q's retirement= Ratio of the profits acquired by P and R from Q= Share acquired by P: Share acquired by R= 2/5:3/5= 2:3 (By cross-multiplication) P's new share = Old share + Share acquired by P= 3/8 + 2/5 (Q's share) + 2/5 (remaining share of Q)= 15/40 + 16/40 + 16/40= 47/40 R's new share = Old share + Share acquired by R= 1/8 + 3/5 (Q's share) + 3/5 (remaining share of Q)= 5/40 + 24/40 + 24/40= 53/40
New profit-sharing ratio of P, Q, and R= 47/40 : 0 : 53/40 (Since Q retired) On further simplifying, we get,47 : 0 : 53 (by multiplying all terms by 40)= 47 : 53Gaining ratio of P and R= 47 - 3/8 : 1/8 - 47/40= 305/320 : 3/320= 305 : 3= 305/3 : 3/3= 101 : 1
Therefore, the new profit-sharing ratio of P, Q, and R is 47 : 0 : 53, and the gaining ratio of P and R is 101 : 1.
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One criticism of the interest coverage ratios (income basis) as measures of long-term solvency risk is that they use: OA, interest expense rather than cash flows in the numerator OB, interest expense rather than earnings in the numerator D OC. eamings rather than cash flows in the numerator OD, cash flows rather than earnings in the numerator
One criticism of the interest coverage ratios (income basis) as measures of long-term solvency risk is that they use earnings rather than cash flows in the numerator. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
The interest coverage ratio is a financial metric that calculates a company's ability to meet its interest payments on outstanding debt. The most often used income metric is earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT).It is a common financial metric used to determine the creditworthiness of a business. It is the ratio of a company's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) to its interest expenditures.
It informs investors whether a corporation may pay the interest on its debts with its current earnings before deducting taxes and interest expenses from its earnings.
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List the main pros and cons of taking the import-substituting industrialization versus concentrating government aid and private energies on developing new manufacturing exports.
Import-substituting industrialization (ISI) is a trade and economic policy that advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production. It is based on the premise that a country should attempt to reduce its foreign dependency through the local production of industrialized products.
Here are some of the pros and cons of ISI:
Pros:
ISI can help to reduce a country's reliance on imports, which can make it more self-sufficient.
ISI can help to create jobs and boost economic growth.
ISI can help to develop new industries and technologies.
Cons:
ISI can lead to higher prices for consumers, as domestic producers may not be able to compete with foreign producers on price.
ISI can lead to lower quality products, as domestic producers may not have the same level of expertise as foreign producers.
ISI can lead to increased government intervention in the economy, which can stifle innovation and competition.
Concentrating government aid and private energies on developing new manufacturing exports is a different approach to economic development. This approach focuses on promoting exports, rather than replacing imports.
For private energies:--
Pros:
Export-oriented growth can help to boost economic growth and create jobs.
Export-oriented growth can help to improve a country's balance of trade.
Export-oriented growth can help to promote innovation and competition.
Cons:
Export-oriented growth can lead to increased inequality, as the benefits of growth may not be evenly distributed.
Export-oriented growth can be harmful to the environment, as it may lead to increased pollution.
Export-oriented growth can be vulnerable to changes in the global economy, as a country's exports may be affected by changes in demand or prices in other countries.
Ultimately, the best approach to economic development depends on the specific circumstances of each country. There is no one-size-fits-all solution.
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A company shows a $300 balance in Prepaid rent in the Unadjusted Trial Balance columns of the worksheet. The Adjustments columns show used rent of $150. This adjusting entry results in: O $150 difference between the debit and credit columns of the Unadjusted Trial Balance. O $150 increase in net income. O $150 of prepaid insurance. O $150 decrease in net income.
The adjusting entry for the used rent of $150 would result in a $150 decrease in net income. This adjustment recognizes the portion of prepaid rent that has been used as an expense, reducing the asset and increasing the expense.
Prepaid rent represents advance payments made by a company for future rental expenses. In the Unadjusted Trial Balance, a $300 balance is shown for Prepaid rent. However, an adjusting entry is required to reflect the portion of prepaid rent that has been used or expired.
Since the Adjustments columns show used rent of $150, we need to decrease the Prepaid rent balance by this amount and recognize it as an expense. This adjustment reduces the asset (Prepaid rent) and increases the expense (Rent expense) by the same amount.
Prepaid rent before adjustment: $300
Used rent adjustment: -$150
Prepaid rent after adjustment: $300 - $150 = $150
The adjusting entry would be:
Debit: Rent expense $150 (to increase the expense)
Credit: Prepaid rent $150 (to decrease the asset)
The adjusting entry for the used rent of $150 results in a decrease in net income by the same amount. This adjustment recognizes the portion of prepaid rent that has been used as an expense, reducing the asset and increasing the expense. Consequently, net income decreases by $150.
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Sarah Wiggum would like to make a single investment and have $2.2 million at the time of her retirement in 25 years. She has found a mutual fund that wil earn 4 percent annually. How much will Sarah have to invest today? If Sarah eamed an annual return of 15 percent, how soon could she then retire?
If Sarah earned an annual return of 15%, she could retire approximately 11.79 years from now.
To determine the amount Sarah Wiggum would have to invest today to accumulate $2.2 million in 25 years, we can use the present value formula:
Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^Number of Periods
Using the given information:
Future Value = $2.2 million
Interest Rate = 4% (or 0.04)
Number of Periods = 25 years
Present Value = $2.2 million / (1 + 0.04)^25
Present Value ≈ $796,578.22
Therefore, Sarah would need to invest approximately $796,578.22 today to accumulate $2.2 million in 25 years.
If Sarah earned an annual return of 15%, we can calculate the number of years it would take for her to accumulate $2.2 million. In this case, we can use the formula for the number of periods:
Number of Periods = log(Future Value / Present Value) / log(1 + Interest Rate)
Using the given information:
Future Value = $2.2 million
Present Value = $796,578.22
Interest Rate = 15% (or 0.15)
Number of Periods = log($2.2 million / $796,578.22) / log(1 + 0.15)
Number of Periods ≈ 11.79 years
Therefore, if Sarah earned an annual return of 15%, she could retire approximately 11.79 years from now.
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During the current period, Kunze Corp. disposed of old equipment for $2,000, purchased new equipment for $20,000, collected an accounts receivable balance of $2,500, and purchased an investment for $3,000. Net cash from investing activities is (indicate the amount and whether it is a net inflow or outflow)
Net cash from investing activities is $15,000 and it is a net outflow.
The cash flow statement consists of three sections: cash from operations, cash from investing, and cash from financing. Net cash from investing activities is the total amount of cash inflows and outflows that result from a company's long-term investment activities. It includes any capital expenditures, property, and equipment purchases, and any other investments the company may make in the future.
In the given scenario, Kunze Corp. sold equipment for $2,000, which is an outflow. They also purchased new equipment for $20,000, which is also an outflow. They collected $2,500 from accounts receivable, which is an inflow. Moreover, they bought an investment for $3,000, which is an outflow. So, the net cash from investing activities can be calculated as follows:
Net cash from investing activities = ($2,000 + $20,000 + $3,000) - $2,500
Net cash from investing activities = $15,500 - $2,500
Net cash from investing activities = $15,000
Therefore, the net cash from investing activities is $15,000, and it is a net outflow.
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Imagine you are assigned to serve as a consultant to advise the CEO of a real multinational company (see choices below). You (and your team) will carry out necessary research, analyses, measurements given your company's unique position to enter a foreign market (see choices below), and make appropriate recommendations for international risk identification, measurement, management. The goal of this assignment is to give you an opportunity to role-play as a consultant to advise a top executive to revamp a company's risk management strategy in the post-globalization and post-COVID era. Company Choices (Choose only one): New York Times, CNN, AMC Theaters, GEICO Insurance, Marriott International, AirBNB, Lyft, or a local bar/nightclub currently operating in your area Country Choices (Choose only one): Bangladesh, China, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey, South Africa, or Venezuela. 1) Which of the given country locations should the focal company choose for its foreign market entry? 2) Given your location choice, identify and discuss your focal company's top three socio- political risks. 3) What is the extent of these risks given your focal company's operations in that country? How would you measure/quantify them (including them in your ROI calculations)? 4) Based on your research and analysis, critically evaluate, inform, and discuss the central issues facing international risk management with an outline to create a robust ERM (enterprise risk management) system for your focal company.
It's important to note that the specific recommendations and details would depend on the characteristics of the chosen focal company and the country selected for market entry. It's always advisable to conduct in-depth research and consult with experts in the relevant fields to develop a comprehensive risk management strategy.
1) Choosing the country for foreign market entry:
To determine the most suitable country for foreign market entry, you need to consider several factors such as market potential, political stability, legal and regulatory environment, cultural compatibility, economic indicators, competitive landscape, and any specific industry opportunities or challenges. Conduct thorough market research and analysis to assess the potential risks and rewards of entering each country. This analysis should align with the focal company's goals, resources, and capabilities.
2) Socio-political risks in the chosen country:
Identify and discuss the top three socio-political risks specific to the chosen country. These risks can vary depending on the country, but examples may include political instability, corruption, regulatory changes, social unrest, cultural barriers, labor issues, or geopolitical tensions. Consider factors that may directly impact the focal company's operations, supply chain, workforce, or customer base.
3) Extent and measurement of risks:
Assess the extent of these risks by evaluating their potential impact on the focal company's operations, financials, reputation, and long-term viability. Quantifying these risks can be challenging but consider using a combination of qualitative and quantitative measures. This may include analyzing historical data, conducting scenario analysis, using risk matrices, considering country risk ratings from reputable sources, and assessing the company's exposure to specific risks through interviews, surveys, or expert opinions.
4) Creating a robust ERM system:
Based on your research and analysis, outline key steps to establish a robust Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) system for the focal company. This should include:
- Identifying and categorizing risks: Assessing various risk categories such as strategic, operational, financial, and compliance risks, including the socio-political risks identified earlier.
- Risk mitigation strategies: Developing strategies to manage and mitigate identified risks, including preventive measures, risk transfer mechanisms, contingency plans, and crisis management protocols.
- Risk monitoring and reporting: Establishing processes to monitor risks on an ongoing basis, setting up key risk indicators (KRIs), implementing regular reporting mechanisms, and ensuring accountability and transparency in risk management.
- Integration into decision-making: Integrating risk management into the company's strategic decision-making process, ensuring that risk considerations are factored into business plans, investment decisions, and expansion strategies.
- Continuous improvement: Establishing a culture of risk awareness and continuous improvement, conducting periodic risk assessments, evaluating the effectiveness of risk mitigation measures, and adapting the ERM system to evolving market conditions and emerging risks.
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The sales of a product is 4000 when the price is 20. When increasing the price to 30, the sales decrease to 3000. What is the price elasticity? a. 0.25 b. 1 c. 0.5 d. -0.25
The price elasticity of demand is approximately 0.7143. The correct answer is option e.
The price elasticity of demand can be calculated using the formula:
Price elasticity of demand = ((Q2 - Q1) / ((Q1 + Q2) / 2)) / ((P2 - P1) / ((P1 + P2) / 2))
Q1 = Initial quantity demanded
Q2 = New quantity demanded
P1 = Initial price
P2 = New price
Using the given information:
Q1 = 4000
Q2 = 3000
P1 = 20
P2 = 30
Price elasticity of demand = ((3000 - 4000) / ((4000 + 3000) / 2)) / ((30 - 20) / ((20 + 30) / 2))
= (-1000 / 3500) / (10 / 25)
= (-0.2857) / (0.4)
= -0.7143
Since the price elasticity of demand is negative, we take the absolute value to obtain the magnitude of elasticity.
Price elasticity of demand = |-0.7143| = 0.7143
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Complete question
The sales of a product is 4000 when the price is 20. When increasing the price to 30, the sales decrease to 3000. What is the price elasticity? a. 0.25 b. 1 c. 0.5 d. -0.25 e, none of the above
Firm XYZ operates in a perfectly competitive market where the price is equal to 10. The firm has the total cost function TC(Q)=18+2Q + (1/2)Q^2 . How much does the firm produce? What is the markup for firm XYZ?
Therefore, the markup for firm XYZ is 0 or 0%. This indicates that the firm is not making any profit as it is just covering its costs.
A firm XYZ operates in a perfectly competitive market where the price is equal to $10. The firm's total cost function is given by TC(Q) = 18 + 2Q + 1/2Q^2. The amount of output produced by the firm can be calculated by finding the quantity at which the firm's marginal cost equals the market price. Marginal cost is given by the derivative of the total cost function with respect to quantity, MC(Q) = 2 + Q.
Setting marginal cost equal to the market price, we have:
MC(Q) = P
2 + Q = 10
Q = 8
Therefore, the firm will produce 8 units of output.
The markup for firm XYZ is given by the formula:
Markup = (Price - Marginal Cost) / Price
Substituting the given values, we get:
Markup = (10 - (2 + 8)) / 10
Markup = 0
Therefore, the markup for firm XYZ is 0 or 0%. This indicates that the firm is not making any profit as it is just covering its costs.
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What are the reasons for IKEA’s success around the world (e.g.
India, Japan) while other retailers fail? 800 words
IKEA's success around the world, including in countries like India and Japan, can be attributed to several key factors. These include their unique business model, customer-centric approach, cost-effectiveness, innovation, and sustainability practices.
Unique Business Model: IKEA's flat-pack business model, where customers assemble the furniture themselves, has been a significant success factor. It offers affordable products and reduces transportation and storage costs for the company.
Customer-Centricity: IKEA prioritizes understanding and meeting customer needs. They conduct extensive market research and gather feedback to design products that cater to their preferences and lifestyles.
Cost-Effectiveness: IKEA offers high-quality products at affordable prices. They achieve cost-effectiveness by using inexpensive materials, optimizing their supply chain, and implementing efficient processes.
Innovation: IKEA constantly strives to bring new and innovative ideas to its customers. They embrace technologies like augmented reality (AR) to enhance the shopping experience and allow customers to visualize furniture in their homes before purchase.
Sustainability: IKEA is committed to sustainability and environmental responsibility. They integrate sustainable practices throughout their operations, including using renewable energy, reducing waste, and sourcing materials from responsibly managed sources.
These factors collectively contribute to IKEA's global success, enabling them to differentiate itself from other retailers and capture market share in diverse regions. By offering affordable, customer-centric, and sustainable products while embracing innovation, IKEA has built a strong brand and loyal customer base worldwide.
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A limitation of the income statement is the flexibility in the reporting of transactions. This can lead to the following:
O A differing measurements of income
© B. differing messurements of leverage
O C. insider trading
• D. differing turnover ratios
One limitation of the income statement lies in the flexibility of reporting transactions, which can lead to variations in the measurement of income.
The income statement is an essential financial document used by businesses to assess their net profit during a specific period.
It provides a comprehensive overview of a company's revenues, expenses, and resulting net income.
Different businesses may employ diverse criteria when calculating their income, resulting in discrepancies.
It is important to note that differing measurements of income is a recognized limitation of the income statement.
However, other factors such as leverage, insider trading, and turnover ratios are unrelated to this specific limitation.
Leverage pertains to the extent of debt a company assumes and is assessed through a distinct financial statement.
Insider trading refers to the illegal buying or selling of securities based on undisclosed material information and is not directly associated with the income statement.
Similarly, turnover ratios, which gauge a company's efficiency, are evaluated using alternative financial statements.
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Manama Company had cash sales of $80,000, credit sales of $70,000, sales returns and allowances of $2,000, and sales discounts of $4,000. Manama's net sales for this period equal $156,000 $152.000 $80.000 $144.000 & Miner gewi saw the response Question 4 of 15 4 1 R 7 V 8 O P STE 11
Manama Company's net sales for this period equal $152,000.
To calculate the net sales, we need to consider the different components of sales: cash sales, credit sales, sales returns and allowances, and sales discounts.
Given information:
Cash sales: $80,000
Credit sales: $70,000
Sales returns and allowances: $2,000
Sales discounts: $4,000
To calculate net sales, we start with the total sales and subtract returns, allowances, and discounts:
Total Sales = Cash sales + Credit sales
= $80,000 + $70,000
= $150,000
Net Sales = Total Sales - (Sales Returns and Allowances + Sales Discounts)
= $150,000 - ($2,000 + $4,000)
= $150,000 - $6,000
= $144,000
Manama Company's net sales for this period equal $144,000. It is important to consider all components of sales, including cash sales, credit sales, sales returns and allowances, and sales discounts, to calculate the net sales accurately.
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i
need around 500 words
[2] How can you justify the advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) with intelligent Supply Chain Management paradigms
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been gaining ground in Supply Chain Management (SCM) as it enables firms to effectively manage their supply chains. AI systems have revolutionized the way supply chains work, and companies that employ these intelligent SCM paradigms have gained a competitive advantage in the market.
The following are the ways in which AI has influenced SCM: Artificial intelligence technology is being used to enhance the efficiency of supply chain management. Supply chains are becoming more automated, and businesses are increasingly turning to AI solutions to improve the flow of goods and services. The use of AI in supply chain management has resulted in increased accuracy and efficiency, as well as cost savings. AI has transformed the way we handle data. The massive amount of data generated by supply chains is managed with AI systems that can process, analyze, and interpret data more quickly than human workers. These AI systems can also identify patterns and trends that would be difficult to detect with human analysis. AI has enabled supply chain management to become more adaptive and responsive. With AI systems, supply chains can more easily respond to changes in demand, supplier availability, and other factors. AI-powered supply chains are able to predict potential issues before they occur, allowing managers to take proactive measures to prevent disruptions. AI-powered supply chain management is also more environmentally friendly. By using predictive analytics and data analysis, supply chains can optimize their routes, reduce waste, and minimize emissions. This can help companies reduce their carbon footprint and operate more sustainably.
In conclusion, advances in artificial intelligence have led to the development of intelligent Supply Chain Management paradigms, which have resulted in several benefits. These benefits include increased efficiency, accuracy, responsiveness, and sustainability. The use of AI in SCM is likely to become even more widespread in the future as more firms recognize the advantages of this technology.
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A friend of yours is calling you. He tells you about own cryptocurrency he has created. The coins have little to no value other than as a unit of exchange. That would not stop consumers from buying it, argues your friend, as he refers to similar cryptocurrencies that have experienced a recent surge in demand. The friend thinks his cryptocurrency could see a similar surge in demand if you could help him introduce it to the market. You agree to help him out. You tell your friend that you will get back to him after you thoroughly study potential value propositions. Determining and developing your value proposition
1. First, you are going to identify and outline 3 market segments that operate in this fragmented market. Make sure to document the i) psychographics, ii) demographics, iii) geographics, and iv) the segments’ behavioral patterns of these 3 market segments. Substantiate each of the segments that you have identified by referring to both a piece of qualitative data and a piece of quantitative data that you have come across during your market research
Market segmentation involves identifying a large market into smaller segments of consumers who have similar needs and desires. These consumers are subdivided into demographic, geographic, behavioral, and psychographic sections.
This segmentation strategy enables businesses to identify and comprehend their customers' wants and then design a marketing strategy that addresses those wants. Here are the three market segments that operate in this fragmented market Segment 1 - Crypto Experts Psychographics: Experienced traders who have been involved in cryptocurrency for an extended period and understand how to navigate it Demographics, People with an educational background in cryptocurrencies. Gender and age aren't important Geographics International clients Behavioral Patterns: Crypto experts are most likely to trade cryptocurrencies on different exchanges, constantly keeping an eye on the market. They are not afraid of taking risks but make informed choices based on data and research. Substantiating Qualitative Data: Interviews with ten experienced cryptocurrency investors. From the ten interviews conducted, nine said that they had been investing in cryptocurrency for at least three years. Eight said they only traded in Bitcoin, while the others also traded in Litecoin, Ethereum, and Ripple. These traders prefer to trade on international platforms to leverage the currency's global appeal. Substantiating Quantitative Data: According to a recent survey by Buy Shares, cryptocurrency accounts for 7.2 percent of the world's total currency supply. Bitcoin's total number of users, according to a survey, was 42 million. Segment 2 - Crypto Beginners Psychographics. These are beginners who are just getting started in the world of cryptocurrency Demographics: Gender and age aren't important. People who are interested in cryptocurrencies, regardless of their backgrounds Geographics Clients from all over the world Behavioral Patterns: Crypto beginners are cautious and stick to well-known cryptocurrencies.
They're not big risk-takers and want to invest in the most promising currencies. Substantiating Qualitative Data: Interviews with fifteen new investors in cryptocurrency. The results indicate that ten of the new investors were drawn to Bitcoin due to its widespread adoption and high popularity. Additionally, they all agreed that they are afraid of taking risks and don't want to lose their money. Substantiating Quantitative Data: A survey conducted by Tokenist found that, among the people who own cryptocurrency, 54 percent held Bitcoin. Additionally, out of the 4,852 people who participated in the survey, 38.6% said they'd never invested in cryptocurrencies before. Segment 3 - Crypto Enthusiasts Psychographics: People who are enthusiastic about cryptocurrencies and have an open mind to explore new ones Demographics: People of any gender or age who are enthusiasts of cryptocurrency Geographics: Clients from all over the world Behavioral Patterns: They seek out lesser-known cryptocurrencies in the hopes of benefiting from a future surge in value. They are eager to try out new cryptocurrencies. Substantiating Qualitative Data: Interviews with 20 cryptocurrency enthusiasts showed that 12 have already invested in lesser-known cryptocurrencies. Of the twenty, ten stated that they wanted to try out new cryptocurrencies to see how they performed in the market. Substantiating Quantitative Data: According to a recent report, new cryptocurrencies are gaining popularity, with new cryptocurrencies being launched almost daily. In the last three years, over 2,000 new cryptocurrencies have been launched on the market. This answer describes the three market segments that operate in the cryptocurrency market. Each of these segments has unique characteristics that distinguish them from the others. The response provides both qualitative and quantitative data to support each segment's characteristics.
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Assume two investment opportunities have identical expected values of $60,000. Investment A has a variance of 5,000 and investment B has a variance of 18,000. We would expect a risk loving investor to prefer (Select all that applies) a) A because it has more risk. b) B because of its higher potential earnings. c) A because it provides higher potential earnings. d) B because it has more risk.
A risk loving investor would prefer b) B because of its higher potential earnings and d) B because it has more risk.
When investing, investors want to be able to minimize risk while also maximizing profit.
To understand which investment to go for, it's important to look at its expected values and variance.
Investment is the purchase of goods with the goal of making a profit in the future. In terms of finance, investment refers to the purchase of stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and other assets.
There are many investment options available in the market, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.
Earnings are the money made from an investment.
In finance, the term refers to the profit or revenue generated by an investment over a given period of time.
Now that we know the definitions of investment and earnings, let's consider the investment opportunities in the question.
Both Investment A and Investment B have the same expected value of $60,000, which means that both investments are expected to provide the same earnings.
However, Investment A has a variance of 5,000 while Investment B has a variance of 18,000.
This means that Investment A has less risk compared to Investment B.
As a result, a risk-loving investor would likely prefer Investment B because it has a higher variance, which means there is more room for higher potential earnings.
So the correct answer to the question is b) B because of its higher potential earnings and d) B because it has more risk.
In summary, while both investments have the same expected value, Investment B is the better option for a risk-loving investor because it has a higher variance, which means there is more potential for higher earnings.
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Explain the principles of co-operatives.
The principles of self-help, self-reliance, democracy, equality, equity, and solidarity are also the foundation of cooperatives. Members of cooperatives uphold the moral principles of transparency, honesty, social responsibility, and compassion for others.
1. Open and Voluntary Membership
Cooperatives are nonprofit organizations that welcome anybody who can utilize their services and is ready to take on the obligations of membership, regardless of gender, socioeconomic class, race, political affiliation, or religion.
2. Control by Democratic Members
Cooperatives are democratic businesses whose members actively engage in establishing policies and making decisions. Members are the people who purchase the cooperative's products or use its services.
3. Economic Participation of Members
Equally, members contribute to and democratically manage the cooperative's money. In contrast to money invested, members gain according to the business they do with the cooperative.
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Pine Technology Plc has assets with a market value of £67.2 million. It has debt of £10.4 million and 1.2 million shares outstanding. What will the new share price be if Pine Technology distributes £3.1 million as a dividend? Assume perfect capital markets.
If Pine Technology distributes £3.1 million as a dividend, the new share price will be £44.7
The formula for calculating the new share price of a company that distributes dividends is:
New share price = (Total market value of assets - Total debt - Dividend amount) / Number of outstanding shares
Using the given information:
The total market value of assets = £67.2 million
total debt = £10.4 million
Number of outstanding shares = 1.2 million
Dividend amount = £3.1 million
Substituting the values in the formula,
New share price = (67.2 - 10.4 - 3.1) / 1.2= £44.7
Therefore, the new share price of Pine Technology Plc will be £44.7 if the company distributes £3.1 million as a dividend, assuming perfect capital markets.
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