Answer:
Pathology of any infectious disease required some basic information to understand the biology and physiological process of the microbes, these information are given as follow:
Mode of pathogenesis
range of the affected organ or tissues
The incubation period, latent period and extent of infection
Physiological change in the infected organ or tissue
Doubling time of microbe in the host
The resistance and sensitivity of microbe against antibodies
Co-infection if any.
Which of the following is true regarding the machinery of translation?
a. A single mRNA can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes.
b. tRNAs released from the ribosome are degraded B) termination and eukaryotes utilizes three different release factors.
c. Polycistronic MRNA usually has a single ribosome binding site.
e. once a single mRNA strand is translated once it is degraded
Answer:
The correct answer is: a. A single mRNA can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes.
Explanation:
Ribosomes are structures composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) that direct the process of translation, with the help of special proteins and key molecules called transfer RNA (tRNA) that are 'able to read' the codons in the mRNA. To help with this 'reading', ribosomes move through the mRNA strand as the translation moves forward, placing the anticodons presented by the tRNA molecules with their specific match - each mRNA codon - forming a strand of amino acids.
To ease the process in the cases where the molecule to be translated is a polypeptide, groups of ribosomes form a polysome and they all translate one single mRNA strand at the same time. Each of these ribosomes starts translating from the first codon and stop when the stop codon appears.
The true statement regarding the machinery of translation is ; ( A ) A single mRNA can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes
Translation is the process of producing protein with the use of RNA ( i.e. the process of protein synthesis from an mRNA template ) during translation the code found in the template is converted into an amino acid sequence.
Ribosomes are composed of rRNA which directs the process of translation with the proteins and key molecules such as tRNA.
Hence we can conclude that the true statement regarding the machinery of translation is A single mRNA can be translated simultaneously by several ribosomes.
Learn more : https://brainly.com/question/1210543
The alpha tubulin side of a microtubule is the site of microtubule:
A. growth
OB. dissociation
OC. movement
D.adaptation
Answer: Movement
Explanation:
Tubulins are the building block of microtubule,there are five distinct forms: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon tubulin, they exist as globular dimeric .
Alpha and beta tubulins assemble into heterodimers they come together to form the long microtubule filaments. Some organism cellular movements require microtubules this include the beating of cilia and flagella for movement, cytoplasmic transport of membrane vesicles.
The alpha tubulin side of a microtubule is the site of microtubule movement.
(option c)
TubulinsTubulins are the microtubule building block and they exist as globular dimeric proteins of alpha/beta chains. There are five different forms: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon tubulin.3
Alpha Tubulin is a fundamental cytoskeleton protein with many roled
Tubulin-binding drugs kill cancerous cells by inhibiting microtubule dynamics, which are required for DNA segregation and therefore cell division.
Learn more about tubulins:
https://brainly.com/question/12884177
What are the light independent reactions in photosynthesis
Answer:
the only light independent reaction I am aware of is dark reaction also called Calvin cycle
The decimal reduction time (DRT) to kill 90% of cell present for autoclaving a culture is 1.5 minutes. How long would it take to kill all the cells if 106 cells were present? What would happen if you stopped the heating process at 9 minutes?
Answer:
10.5minutes
Explanation:
DRT = 90%
Cells present = 10^6
Autoclaving = 1.5 minutes
Solution:
10^6(1.5)10^5(1.5)10^4(1.5)10^3(1.5)10^2(1.5)10^1(1.5)10^0(1.5)0=10.5
it would take it approximately 10.5 minutes to kill 10^6 of the cells.
If i should stop the heating process at 9 minutes this would have effect on some of the microbes as they are still present with 1 bacterium left which makes it not efficient.
XR
Pls I need help ASAP pls answer these 2questions
Answer:
bruh
Explanation:
burh it number 3 rover
In a rainforest food chain, caterpillars and butterflies eat orchid plants. Toucans eat the caterpillars and butterflies. Leopards eat the toucans.
Which statement describes the energy in this food chain?
The leopards gain energy directly from the butterflies.
The orchids have the least amount of available energy.
The caterpillars gain energy directly from the orchids.
The toucans have more available energy than the butterflies.
Genetics is the most important factor that affects your physical fitness.
Answer:
The caterpillars gain energy directly from the orchids.
Explanation:
The correct answer would be that the caterpillars gain energy directly from the orchids.
Since the caterpillars feed on the orchid plant, they gain their energy directly from it. The orchid plant represents the primary producer in the food chain while both the caterpillars and the butterflies are primary consumers.
The leopard does not gain its energy directly from the butterflies because the animal does not feed directly on the butterflies. The orchid has the highest amount of energy available because it gets its energy from the sun through photosynthesis. The toucans cannot have more energy available than the butterflies because the more you move up the food chain, the lesser the energy available.
which of these increases as greenhouse gases pollution increases
a.thickness of freshwater ice sheets
b. ocean salinity
c. ocean surface temp
d.rate of thermohaline circulation
Answer:
The answer is C.The ocean surface temp
Explanation:
I'm not sure of it but Greenhouse gases pollution raise the rate of Global warming so i think the temp one works the most
Please help me in biology asap, 20 points for answering thanksss
Answer:
a) blood from the heart flows through your capillaries and collects oxygen from the alveoli. while that happens, co² passes out of the capillaries and into the alveoli. when you breathe out, you get rid of co² and oxygen is returned to the heart and pumped out to the body.
b) digested nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through capillaries in the villi that line the small intestine.
Compare and contrast the alpine and taiga biomes.
Answer:
The alpine biome is found on five of the seven continents; the taiga biome is only found on three. Both the alpine and taiga biomes have cold winters with temperatures below freezing and summers that are warm in comparison. The taiga biome has a much higher temperature range in the summer than the alpine biome.
Both alpine and taiga biomes have different seasons. Alpine biome is found in the five continents whereas taiga biome is found in three continents only.
What is a Biome?
Alpine and taiga biomes both show distinct seasons. The alpine biome is found on five continents, while the taiga biome is found on three continents. The alpine biome gets has an average precipitation of 12 inches annually whereas the taiga biome gets an average precipitation of 12-33 inches annually.
Alpine biomes are found in mountain regions like the Andes, Alps, and Rocky Mountains. The alpine biome generally lies between an altitude of about 10,000 feet, and the places where snow line of a mountain begins.
The taiga biome is a forest of the cold, subarctic region. The subarctic is an area of the Northern Hemisphere which lies south of the Arctic Circle. The taiga biome is located between the tundra to the north and temperate forests to the south. Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Siberia all have taiga biomes.
Learn more about Biomes here:
https://brainly.com/question/11491362
#SPJ2
DNA sequences can act as "tape measures of evolution". Scientists analyzing the human genome sequence were surprised to find that some of the regions of the human genome that are most highly conserved (similar to comparable regions in other species) don't code for proteins. What is a possible explanation for this observation? EVOLUTION CONNECTION sequences can act as "tape measures of evolution". Scientists analyzing the human genome sequence were surprised to find that some of the regions of the human genome that are most highly conserved (similar to comparable regions in other species) don't code for proteins. What is a possible explanation for this observation?
Answer:
Non-coding DNA regions play important roles in regulating transcriptional activity by encoding different types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), acting as scaffold attachment regions, acting as enhancer specific regions, etc.
Explanation:
Historically, it had been believed that non-coding DNA sequences were 'junk DNA' since they don't encode for proteins (beyond the sequences that are transcribed into functional non-coding RNAs, i.e., transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA). However, in the last years, it has been shown that non-coding DNA sequences play critical roles in regulating gene expression and genome function. For example, evolutionary conserved non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with regulatory roles on gene expression such as, for example, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been mapped in non-coding DNA sequences, thereby evidencing the functional significance of these regions. In consequence, the conservative nature of certain non-coding DNA sequences evidence that mutations in such regions may have significant deleterious effects, and thereby they could have a negative impact on the fitness of the individual.
Why is cellulose so difficult for most animals to digest?
Answer:
They dont have the needed enzymes to break cellulose sown so if they eat it then they will get sick.
Explanation:
You are a dog breeder and are interested in two traits that you believe are inherited by simple genetic loci glossy (G) coat is dominant to dull (g) and Long (L) hair is dominant to short (l). You have a pair of dogs that you have been breeding for several years. The mom is glossy long haired and the dad is dull short haired. Over several litters they have produced the following puppies: 18 Glossy Short 16 Dull Long 8 Dull Short 6 Glossy Long What are the parental gametes produced by this mom
Answer:
GL, Gl, gL, and gl
Explanation:
The mom is glossy long haired. Since glossy (G) is dominant over to dull (g) and long hair (L) is dominant to short hair (l), the possible genotypes of the mom would be:
GGLL, GgLL, GGLl, or GgLl
The dad is dull and short haired, the genotype would be ggll.
GGLL x ggll
Progeny = all GgLl (all glossy long haired)
GgLL x ggll
Progeny = 8 GgLl, 8 ggLi (glossy long haired and dull long haired)
GGLl x ggll
Progeny = 8 GgLl, 8 Ggll (glossy long haired and glossy short haired)
GgLl x ggll
Progeny = 4 GgLl, 4 Ggll, 4 ggLl, 4 ggll (glossy long, glossy short, dull long, and dull short)
Only a cross of ggll with GgLl produced the offspring that cover the phenotypic range shown in the illustration. Hence, the genotype of the mom is GgLl.
The parental gametes produced by the mom would be; GL, Gl, gL, and gl
what is genus and species for humans?
Answer:
Homosapiens
Explanation:
Genus is Homo and species is sapiens
three sentences about the role termites play in modifying the natural proses of water carbon or nitrogen cycle
Answer:
-help to store water in the soil (by increasing infiltration) rather than evaporating (enabling the plants survive long periods of drought)
-mix inorganic and organic compounds in the soil (and thus it can better resist the process of erosion)
-termite’s feces help to prevent erosion
Explanation:
Decomposers break down complex organic matter into basic compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium, generating water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) during this process. Termites are critical in an ecosystem because they are decomposers, i.e., they are recyclers that break down organic material into nutrient-rich soil. For example, termites digest the cellulose from dead plants (due to the presence of specific bacteria in their digestive tract), thus allowing the carbon cycle.
How is economic growth usually measured?
A. Gross domestic product (GDP)
B. The average citizen's quality of life
C. Average income
D. Profits per capita
What molecule, when linked
with others, creates a single link
in the DNA chain?
Answer:Figure 4: Double-stranded DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains whose nitrogenous bases are connected by hydrogen bonds.
Explanation::))))))))))))))))))))))
Which is one reason why hydrogen is considered a better fuel source for cars? It is non renewable. It produces carbon dioxide. It emits no harmful emissions. It combines with water to produce electricity .
Answer:
It emits no harmful emissions.
Explanation:
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Which distribution pattern in species can be considered the most easily measurable
Answer:
local endemics
Explanation:
The most common distribution pattern in species can be considered by their geographical distribution, as different species get distributed as per their climate and the different regions that suit them the most.
What is the significance of the geographical distribution?It is significant because they differ in different parts of the world and provide suitable climatic and other environmental conditions for various animals, plants, and microorganisms to live and evolve. Its significance can be seen in the difference between the life forms in the temperate area and those in the Antarctic area.
Hence, the most common distribution pattern in species can be considered by their geographical distribution, as different species get distributed as per their climate and the different regions that suit them the most.
Learn more about the geographical distribution here.
https://brainly.com/question/3255869
#SPJ2
Which of the Following Statements about enzymes is Not True
A( enzymes work best at a specific pH
B( all enzymes have the same shape as their substrates
C( enzymes are proteins
D( the shape of an enzyme allows it do its job
Can someone help me with my my anatomy homework
4. [7 pts] In threespine stickleback fish, independently assorting genes determine the extent of body armor (left) and pelvic spines (right): You cross two full-armored, full-spined parents and get these offspring: 79 full-full; 23 full-armored w/ reduced-spines. a) State one set of possible genotypes for the parents: Parent 1: __________; Parent 2: __________ b) What are the dimensions of the smallest Punnet square you can use to confirm your answer to Part (a)
Complete question:
You will find the complete question in the attached files (PNG)
Answer and Explanation:
You will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files (PDF) due to technical problems.
Describe an example of a relationship between a cell organelle and a task a cell must perform
Answer: These organelles are like the organs in a human and they help the cell stay alive. Each organelle has its own specific function to help the cell survive. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell directs the cell's activities and stores DNA. Eukaryotes also have a Golgi apparatus that packages and distributes proteins.
An example of a relationship between a cell organelle and a task a cell must perform is: Mitochondria and transformation of energy by a cell.
A cell refers to the fundamental functional and smallest unit of life in all living organisms.
According to their cell type, all living organisms are mainly divided into two (2) main groups and these include;
Unicellular organisms. Multicellular organisms.Cell organelles can be defined as the organs (workers) that are saddled with the responsibility of performing various tasks or functions for the survival of a living organism. Some of the cell organelles found in living organisms include the following:
Nucleus.Cytoplasm.Cell membrane.Golgi apparatus.Mitochondria.Mitochondria is usually referred to as the power house of a cell because it is mainly responsible for the provision and transformation of all of the energy required by living organisms.
In conclusion, an example of a relationship between a cell organelle and a task a cell must perform is the provision and transformation of energy by mitochondria for the optimum performance of a living organism.
Read more: https://brainly.com/question/19559847
Ribosomes are the site where_________are produced. Amino acids are coded for triplet bases in RNA called _________ .
Answer:
Ribosomes are the site where PROTEINS are produced. Amino acids are coded for triplet bases in RNA called CODONS
Explanation:
Ribosomes are the site where Protein are produced. Amino acids are coded
for triplet bases in RNA called Codon.
Ribosomes is an organelle which is the site for protein synthesis and
employs the technique of decoding messages from the messenger RNA and
using it to synthesize protein .
A codon is regarded as a trinucleotide sequence of a DNA and RNA . The
total number of codons is 64 in which 61 code for specific amino acids and 3
acts as stop codons.
Read more on https://brainly.com/question/18513337
Which statement describes the motion of the sun?
A. The sun rotated on an axis.
B. The sun does not rotate.
C. The sun moves around the earth.
D. The sun orbits the solar system.
I forgot the answer and need help.
Explanation:
d because i am pretty sure i have seen that question alot
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
because we move around the sun this sun doesn't move
Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
What is a close relationship between two organisms that live together called?
The close relationship between two organisms that live together is called
Reset
Next
Answer:
symbiosis.
Explanation:
The term that you are referring to is symbiosis. (a symbiotic relationship)
Symbiosis is a proximate and often long-term interaction between two or more different biological species.
List 7 organelles shared by both plant and animal cells.
Answer:
Structurally, plant and animal cells are very similar because they are both eukaryotic cells. They both contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. Both also contain similar membranes, cytosol, and cytoskeletal elements.
Explanation:
The 7 organelles shared by both plant and animal cells are the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, peroxisomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and cytosol.
A cell is the most basic structural and fundamental unit of life.
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells with membrane-bound organelles that composed the basic unit of the plant. The major difference between the plant cell and an animal cell is that the plant cell has a cell wall.
An animal cell is present in animals and they are also eukaryotic in nature. Animal cells are enveloped by a plasma membrane and they do not have a cell wall.
The organelles that are shared by both plant and animal cells are:
nucleus,mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,lysosomes,peroxisomescytosolTherefore, we can conclude that the plant cell and the animal cell shared some similar organelles together.
Learn more about cells here:
https://brainly.com/question/3142913?referrer=searchResults
Which of the following is a characteristic of levelized cost of energy (LCOE)?(1 point)
It is the maximum price per kWh at which electricity must be sold in order to break even over the lifetime of a power-generating project.
It is the minimum price per kWh at which electricity must be sold in order to break even over the lifetime of a power-generating project.
It is the minimum amount of power that can be produced per dollar over the lifetime of a power-generating project.
It is the maximum amount of power that can be produced per dollar over the lifetime of a power-generating project.
Answer:
It is the minimum price per kWh at which electricity must be sold in order to break even over the lifetime of a power-generating project.
Explanation:
It is the minimum price per kWh at which electricity must be sold in order to break even over the lifetime of a power-generating project.
What is the levelized cost of energy LCOE ?The levelized cost of energy (LCOE), or levelized cost of electricity, is a measure of the average net present cost of electricity generation for a generating plant over its lifetime. It is used for investment planning and to compare different methods of electricity generation on a consistent basis.
Thus, option "B" is correct.
To learn more about LCOE click here:
https://brainly.com/question/13943520
Undertale papyrus is great. Why is that ;D?
Answer:
he loves spagetti thats why...no further words...
Explanation:
sans is cool too bc of his funny puns
Answer: Papyrus is a genius
Explanation:
Papyrus is a genius. He knows his magic well enough to do things with it that no other monster, even Sans, ever thinks of. His puzzles are very unique, expressing great potential, and you don't see similar ones again in the game.
3. Apply Which is
an example of a
density-dependent factor?
(Circle your answer.)
a. frost that destroys
tomato plants
b. fungus that spreads
from plant to plant
Can you guys pleaseee help me?!
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Francine is developing a model of the carbon cycle, which involves the movement of carbon among various Earth systems. She begins by drawing the diagram shown below.Her friend Byron evaluates the model, and suggests that she thicken the arrow leading from fossil fuels to the atmosphere. His reasoning is that fossil fuels are being burned at a much faster rate than natural processes are restoring them. A. The model shows that their combined effects determine the amount of solid carbon compounds in the geosphere.
B. The model shows that their combined effects determine the level of carbon dioxide that dissolves in the hydrosphere.
C. The model shows that they have identical effects on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
D. The model shows that they have opposite effects on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
The missing part of this incomplete question is :
How does Francine's model show the effect of photosynthesis and cellular respiration on Earth systems?
Answer:
The correct answer is - option D. The model shows that they have opposite effects on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are two major processes are involved in the carbon cycle and both have the opposite effect on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to produce glucose with the reaction with the water whereas cellular respiration produces energy and carbon dioxide that is restored in the atmosphere.
Thus, both the processes have the opposite effect on the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere as photosynthesis decreases and cellular respiration increases in the atmosphere.