I can provide you with an overview of the six normative leadership theories commonly discussed in leadership literature.
You can then reflect on these theories and apply them to your own experiences or observations.
1. The "Transformational Leadership" theory emphasizes leaders who inspire and motivate their followers to achieve their full potential. These leaders often exhibit charisma, vision, and the ability to empower their team members.
2. The "Transactional Leadership" theory focuses on leaders who exchange rewards and punishments with their followers based on performance. They set clear goals, monitor progress, and provide feedback.
3. The "Servant Leadership" theory emphasizes leaders who prioritize the well-being of their followers and focus on serving their needs. They often exhibit empathy, humility, and a willingness to support and develop their team members.
4. The "Authentic Leadership" theory highlights leaders who are true to themselves and their values. They build trust by being transparent, self-aware, and consistent in their actions and words.
5. The "Laissez-Faire Leadership" theory describes leaders who adopt a hands-off approach and provide little guidance or supervision. This style can be effective in situations where team members are highly skilled and self-motivated, but it can also lead to a lack of direction and accountability.
6. The "Authoritarian Leadership" theory focuses on leaders who exert control and make decisions without much input from others. They provide clear instructions, set strict rules, and expect obedience.
To determine which theory you believe would help you grow as an ethical leader, you should consider your own values, strengths, and the context in which you operate. For example, if you value developing and serving others, the Servant Leadership theory may align well with your goals.
If you prefer a more collaborative approach, Transformational Leadership might be a good fit. It's important to remember that no single theory is universally effective, and leadership styles should be adaptable to different situations.
As for the normative leadership theory you are least likely to use, that would depend on your own preferences and beliefs. However, the Laissez-Faire Leadership theory might be less suitable if you prefer a more structured and engaged leadership approach. This theory can work well when team members are highly independent and motivated, but it can also result in a lack of direction and accountability if not managed effectively.
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a partnership that is based on contracts between companies is referred to as a(n) blank . multiple choice question. non-equity alliance diversification allowance alliance wholly owned subsidiary
A partnership that is based on contracts between companies is referred to as a Non-equity alliance. Therefore, the correct option is option 1.
Non-equity alliance is a strategic partnership in which companies collaborate with each other, but they do not invest in each other's equity. A non-equity alliance is a strategic alliance between firms, consisting of formal or informal contractual agreements but not involving any exchange of ownership.
It is a collaboration of companies for the purpose of a strategic goal and it may involve different types of arrangements, such as shared use of facilities, intellectual property, or distribution networks, research and development partnerships, and product development.
Therefore, Non-equity alliances can be formed for any length of time and for any purpose that the partners believe will bring benefits to their businesses. For example, two companies may form a non-equity alliance to develop a new product, share R&D costs, or use each other's distribution network, all while maintaining independent ownership. Hence, the correct answer is option 1.
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)The section 1231 gain and section 1231 loss rules and the section 1245 depreciation recapture and section 1250 depreciation recapture rules apply, directly or indirectly, to partnerships
True/False
The statement "The section 1231 gain and section 1231 loss rules and the section 1245 depreciation recapture and section 1250 depreciation recapture rules apply, directly or indirectly, to partnerships" is true.
What is Section 1231?The US Internal Revenue Code Section 1231 concerns tax treatment for profits and losses on the sale or exchange of property used for business or investment purposes. A gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset will be classified as a section 1231 gain if the property has been held and utilized for over one year.Section 1245 is a U.S. tax code that is relevant to the sale of personal property by a business or an individual. When personal property such as plant equipment or equipment is sold, depreciation recapture refers to the profit that is realized.
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The required return on the stock of Moe's Pizza is 11.9 percent and aftertax required return on the company's debt is 3.73 percent. The company's market value capital structure consists of 75 percent
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for Moe's Pizza is approximately 9.2125%.
To calculate the WACC, we need to consider the weights of equity and debt in the company's market value capital structure, as well as the respective required returns.
Given that the market value capital structure consists of 75% equity and 25% debt, we can calculate the WACC using the formula:
WACC = (Weight of Equity * Cost of Equity) + (Weight of Debt * Cost of Debt)
Let's substitute the given values into the formula:
WACC = (0.75 * 11.9%) + (0.25 * 3.73%)
WACC = 0.08925 + 0.9325
WACC = 0.92125 or 9.2125%
Therefore, the main answer is that the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for Moe's Pizza is approximately 9.2125%.
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(i) An auditor must maintain company secrets and would face imprisonment for disclosing a company’s confidential information.
(ii) The Board of Directors has authority to dismiss an auditor on the grounds of dishonesty and incompetence.
(iii) The auditor is charged with constant oversight of the company’s business operations and financial standing.
(iv) The limitation period for bringing a criminal case against an auditor is one year from the date the offence was committed.
Which of the above statement(s) is correct?
a.(i) only
b.(i) and (iii)
c.(ii) and (iv)
d.(iii) only
The correct option is B. (i) and (iii). The statement (i) states that an auditor must maintain company secrets and would face imprisonment for disclosing a company’s confidential information, The statement (iii) the auditor is charged with constant oversight of the company’s business operations and financial standing.
An auditor is an individual who reviews and evaluates a company's financial statements to ensure that they are correct, fair, and in compliance with accounting standards. An auditor's main purpose is to provide an unbiased opinion on whether a company's financial statements correctly represent its financial performance and position. The following are the roles and duties of an auditor: An auditor must maintain company secrets and will face imprisonment for disclosing a company's confidential information. The auditor is in charge of continuously overseeing the company's business operations and financial condition.
The Board of Directors has the authority to fire an auditor for dishonesty and incompetence. The limitation period for filing a criminal case against an auditor is one year from the date the offense was committed. The statement (i) states that an auditor must maintain company secrets and would face imprisonment for disclosing a company’s confidential information, is correct. The statement (ii) the Board of Directors has authority to dismiss an auditor on the grounds of dishonesty and incompetence, is incorrect as it should be the shareholders of the company that have the authority to dismiss an auditor. The statement (iii) the auditor is charged with constant oversight of the company’s business operations and financial standing, is correct. The statement (iv) the limitation period for bringing a criminal case against an auditor is one year from the date the offence was committed, is incorrect as it is seven years instead of one year.
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Why might a country still produce a good on a smaller scale even
if it does not have the comparative advantage in it?
A country may produce a good on a smaller scale even if it lacks comparative advantage in it due to several factors such as strategic considerations, national security concerns, maintaining domestic industries, or preserving specific skills or knowledge.
While comparative advantage suggests that countries should specialize in producing goods in which they are most efficient, there are circumstances where countries may choose to produce certain goods on a smaller scale despite lacking comparative advantage.
One reason could be strategic considerations, where the country wants to maintain self-sufficiency or reduce dependence on other nations for critical goods. National security concerns may also play a role, as producing essential goods domestically ensures a stable supply in times of crisis or conflicts. Additionally, countries may support domestic industries to protect jobs and foster innovation, even if they are not globally competitive.
Lastly, there may be cultural or historical reasons to preserve specific skills or knowledge associated with producing certain goods. These factors contribute to countries producing goods despite not having a comparative advantage in them.
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Berman & Jaccor Corporation's current sales and partial balance sheet are shown below.
This year
Sales $ 1,000 Balance Sheet: Assets Cash $ 200 Short-term investments $ 115 Accounts receivable $ 100 Inventories $ 300 Total current assets $ 715 Net fixed assets $ 450 Total assets $ 1,165 Sales are expected to grow by 8% next year. Assuming no change in operations from this year to next year, what are the projected total operating assets? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest dollar.
The projected total operating assets for next year, assuming an 8% sales growth and no change in operations, is approximately $1,257.
To calculate the projected total operating assets for next year, we need to consider the current sales and the expected sales growth rate. Operating assets include both current assets and net fixed assets.
Given information:
Current sales: $1,000
Sales growth rate: 8%
First, we calculate the projected sales for next year by multiplying the current sales by the growth rate:
Projected sales for next year = $1,000 * (1 + 0.08) = $1,080
Next, we calculate the projected total current assets by adding the projected sales to the current current assets:
Projected total current assets = $715 + $1,080 = $1,795
Since there is no change in operations, the net fixed assets remain the same at $450.
Finally, we calculate the projected total operating assets by adding the projected total current assets to the net fixed assets:
Projected total operating assets = $1,795 + $450 = $2,245
Rounding to the nearest dollar, the projected total operating assets for next year is approximately $1,257.
Therefore, the projected total operating assets for next year, assuming an 8% sales growth and no change in operations, is approximately $1,257.
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A company is trying to make a long-term investment decision: should it or should it not manufacture a new product? The company believes that $290,000 would need to be immediately invested into buying the required production equipment. At the end of Year 4 this investment project is likely to end. When that happens, all used equipment will be sold and bring the company $144,000 as the after-tax salvage value. A cash reserve in the amount of $35,000 would need to be set aside when the project begins, so that the company can cover any kind of repair costs to maintain the equipment, should those arise. This cash reserve will be increased by $8,000 each year and recovered when the project ends. The company estimates $78,000 in after-tax profits (i.e., operating cash flow) each year of the project. The required rate of return is 7.5%.
We have to calculate the present value of the investment project of manufacturing a new product to determine whether the company should or should not make a long-term investment decision to manufacture the new product.The given information of the problem is as follows.
We can calculate the present value of the investment project of manufacturing a new product using the formula mentioned in the main answer as follows:Investment Outlay = $290,000 + ($8,000 × 4) = $322,000PV of Operating Cash Inflows = ($78,000 / 1.075) + ($78,000 / 1.0752) + ($78,000 / 1.0753) + ($78,000 / 1.0754) = $259,623.16PV of Salvage Value = $144,000 / 1.0754 = $98,449.85PV of Tax Shield = {($35,000 × 0.3 × 0.075) / 1.075} + {($290,000 / 4 × 0.3 × 0.075) / 1.0752} + {($290,000 / 4 × 0.3 × 0.075) / 1.0753} + {($290,000 / 4 × 0.3 × 0.075) / 1.0754} = $22,237.16PV = $322,000 + $259,623.16 + $98,449.85 + $22,237.16 = $702,310.17Since the present value of the investment project of manufacturing a new product is greater than the initial investment, we can conclude that the company should make a long-term investment decision to manufacture the new product. As the net present value of the project is positive, it will generate a return equal to or greater than the required rate of return of 7.5%.
Thus, we can conclude that the company should make a long-term investment decision to manufacture the new product as the net present value of the project is positive and greater than the initial investment.
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The process of using sounds, words, pictures, symbols, gestures, and body language to exchange information.A person is involved in the___________ process whether he or she is speaking, listening, or even sitting quietly behind a desk when another person enters the room. Includes interpretation of information . Is a two way process of conveying, exchanging, processing, and evaluating information. Effective communication helps create agile, flexible and competitive organizations
The process of using sounds, words, pictures, symbols, gestures, and body language to exchange information is called "communication."
A person is involved in the communication process whether they are speaking, listening, or even sitting quietly behind a desk when another person enters the room. Communication includes the interpretation of information and is a two-way process of conveying, exchanging, processing, and evaluating information. Effective communication helps create agile, flexible, and competitive organizations.
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Swot analysis for "Brining local cultures and communities
together"
The initiative of bringing local cultures and communities together has several strengths that can contribute to its success. These include the cultural diversity inherent in different communities, which provides a rich foundation for promoting inclusivity and celebrating unique traditions.
Additionally, the initiative has the potential to foster social cohesion by creating opportunities for interaction and understanding among diverse groups. Collaboration between individuals, organizations, and community groups can further enhance the initiative's impact through shared resources and experiences.
However, there are also weaknesses and threats that need to be addressed. Resistance to change from some community members and language barriers can impede effective communication and engagement. Cultural sensitivity is crucial to avoid misrepresentation or appropriation. Limited resources and funding may pose challenges in implementing and sustaining the initiative, and inclusivity and equal representation must be prioritized to ensure fairness.
Despite these challenges, there are significant opportunities to explore. The initiative can contribute to tourism and economic growth by attracting visitors interested in cultural experiences. It also serves as an educational platform to raise awareness, promote respect, and empower local communities.
By capitalizing on its strengths, addressing weaknesses, mitigating threats, and seizing opportunities, the initiative can successfully bring local cultures and communities together, fostering unity, understanding, and appreciation among diverse groups.
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You would like to retire in 23 years. The expected rate of inflation is 01.00% per year. You currently have a standard of living that requires $5,499 of monthly expenses. Assuming you want to maintain the same standard of living in retirement, what are your monthly expenses expected to be the first year of retirement?
Based on an expected inflation rate of 1.00% per year, your monthly expenses during the first year of retirement, 23 years from now, are projected to be approximately $6,214.99. This calculation takes into account the current monthly expenses of $5,499 and adjusts it for the cumulative effects of inflation over the given time period.
To calculate the expected monthly expenses during the first year of retirement, we need to consider the effects of inflation over the 23-year period. Inflation erodes the purchasing power of money over time, meaning that the same amount of money will buy less in the future. In this case, the expected annual inflation rate is 1.00%.
To calculate the future monthly expenses, we can use the formula:
Future Monthly Expenses = Current Monthly Expenses × (1 + Inflation Rate)^Number of Years
Plugging in the values, we get:
Future Monthly Expenses = $5,499 × (1 + 0.01)^23
Calculating this expression, the future monthly expenses during the first year of retirement would be approximately $6,214.99. This estimation takes into account the cumulative effects of inflation over the 23-year period, ensuring that your standard of living can be maintained in retirement.
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(Variable Costing) Wu Equipment Company manufactures and distributes industrial air compressors. The following data are available for the year ended December 31, 2020. The company had no beginning inventory. In 2020, it produced 1,500 units but sold only 1,200 units. The unit selling price was $4,500. Costs and expenses were as follows:
Variable costs per unit
Direct materials $ 800
Direct labour 1,500
Variable manufacturing overhead 300
Variable selling and administrative expenses 70
Annual fixed costs and expenses
Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 1,200,000
Selling and administrative expenses 100,000
Prepare a 2020 income statement for Wu Company using variable costing
Income Statement for Wu Company using variable costing would include sales, variable expense, contribution margin, fixed expense, and net operating income.
Income Statement for Wu Equipment Company using Variable Costing for the year ended December 31, 2020 is as follows.
Particulars Amount (in $)
Sales (1,200 units × $4,500/unit) = 5,400,000
Variable expenses
Direct materials (1,200 units × $800/unit) = 960,000
Direct labor (1,200 units × $1,500/unit) = 1,800,000
Variable manufacturing overhead (1,200 units × $300/unit) = 360,000
Variable selling and administrative expenses (1,200 units × $70/unit) = 84,000
Total variable expenses = 3,204,000
Contribution margin (sales - variable expenses) = 2,196,000
Fixed expenses
Fixed manufacturing overhead 1,200,000
Fixed selling and administrative expenses 100,000
Total fixed expenses 1,300,000
Net operating income (contribution margin - fixed expenses) 896,000
Therefore, the net operating income for Wu Equipment Company for the year ended December 31, 2020, using variable costing is $896,000.
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Explain in a paragraph with a minimum of three sentences, Identify the personal characteristics that made Steve Jobs an effective leader at Apple? 2. Draw a flowchart that demonstrates the steps of the control process and explains each step.
Steve Jobs was an effective leader at Apple because of his ability to innovate, inspire, and motivate others. He was known for his creativity, attention to detail, and passion for design.
He was also a strong communicator who was able to articulate a clear vision for the company and rally his team around it. In addition, he was a decisive leader who was not afraid to take risks and make tough decisions. These personal characteristics allowed him to lead Apple through a period of significant growth and innovation, and to establish the company as a leader in the technology industry.
The control process is a systematic approach to managing and controlling a process or system. It involves identifying the inputs and outputs of the process, defining the objectives, and establishing the processes and procedures needed to achieve those objectives. The control process includes five key steps: planning, implementing, measuring, analyzing, and correcting. In the first step, planning, the objectives and targets for the process are defined.
In the second step, implementing, the necessary processes and procedures are put in place to achieve the objectives. In the third step, measuring, the performance of the process is monitored and measured against the objectives. In the fourth step, analyzing, the data collected is analyzed to identify any deviations from the objectives. In the final step, correcting, any deviations are corrected to ensure that the process is performing as intended.
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The shares
acquired after the transformation may not be equivalent to the fair
price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the
transformation.
c. True
d. False
The statement, "The shares acquired after the transformation may not be equivalent to the fair price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the transformation" is true.
The reason is that after the transformation of shares, there is a possibility of a difference in price. Below is the main answer and the conclusion for the question asked.The main answer: The statement, "The shares acquired after the transformation may not be equivalent to the fair price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the transformation" is true. This is because after the transformation of shares, there may be a difference in price. Hence, it is not necessary that the shares after transformation are equivalent to the fair price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the transformation.
Transformation of shares takes place when there is a change in the form of the organization. It takes place through various means such as amalgamation, merger, or de-merger. One of the significant concerns during the transformation of shares is the change in the price of shares.The shares acquired after the transformation may not be equivalent to the fair price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the transformation. This is because the price of shares may be subject to fluctuations in the market. The market price of shares may be influenced by various factors such as the demand for the shares, financial performance of the company, and the economic conditions prevailing in the market.The difference in the price of shares after the transformation may not always be negative. There may be a positive difference in the price of shares as well. This happens when the newly formed company performs better than its previous entity. As a result, the market price of shares increases. Similarly, a negative difference in the price of shares may take place if the performance of the newly formed entity is not up to the mark.
The shares acquired after the transformation may not be equivalent to the fair price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the transformation. The market price of shares may be subject to fluctuations due to various factors such as the demand for the shares, financial performance of the company, and the economic conditions prevailing in the market. Therefore, it is not necessary that the shares after transformation are equivalent to the fair price of the shares of the transforming company held prior to the transformation.
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A stock has a beta of 1.05, the expected return on the market is 10 percent, and the risk-free rate is 3.8 percent. What must the expected return on this stock be?
Based on the CAPM, the expected return on this stock is 10.1%
The expected return on a stock can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which considers the stock's beta, the expected return on the market, and the risk-free rate. In this specific scenario, the stock has a beta of 1.05, the expected return on the market is 10%, and the risk-free rate is 3.8%. Applying the CAPM formula, we can determine the expected return on the stock as follows:
To calculate the expected return on the stock, we add the risk-free rate of 3.8% to the product of the stock's beta of 1.05 and the difference between the expected return on the market (10%) and the risk-free rate (3.8%).
Expected return on stock = 3.8% + 1.05 x 6.2%
Expected return on stock = 10.1%
Therefore, based on the CAPM, the expected return on this stock is 10.1%. The expected return represents the anticipated percentage of profit that an investor expects to earn from their investment in a stock. Investors typically purchase stocks with the goal of making a profit, and the expected return helps assess the potential returns before making a purchase.
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In the Solow model with exogenous technological progress, if the depreciation rate is 4%, the population growth rate is 3%, and technological progress grows at 2%, what will the growth in output per worker be at the steady-state?
6%
0%
2%
9%
The increase in output per worker at steady-state in the Solow model with exogenous technological advance is 2% if the depreciation rate is 4%, the population growth rate is 3%, and technological progress grows at 2%. Option b is the right choice.
Given: d=4% depreciation rate
Growth in the population (n) = 3%
2% of technical advancement
The underlying cause is that in a stable state, the growth rate of output per worker equals technical advancement, or g, which in this case is 2%, and results in a 2% increase in output per worker.
The creation or discovery of new knowledge that broadens our understanding of science or technology is referred to as scientific or technological advancement.
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Lotus Blossom is useful for the... O a. Testing O b. Ideation O C. Prototyping O d. Problem definition
Lotus Blossom is useful for option b) Ideation in a design thinking process. The Lotus Blossom method is an excellent tool for the Ideation stage of a Design Thinking process.
It is a technique that involves creating a mind map or visual diagram of different ideas, then iterating and refining those ideas to come up with new and creative solutions to a problem. The process starts with a central idea or challenge, and then the team begins to brainstorm related ideas that will help to solve the problem in question. These related ideas are then further refined and explored, leading to new and creative solutions to the problem at hand.In the Lotus Blossom method, the central idea is written in the center of a diagram, and then eight related ideas are added around the central idea, forming the petals of the lotus blossom. Each of these ideas can be further explored and refined, leading to new and innovative solutions that can be applied to the problem at hand.
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Thomas is thinking about exporting Canadian products to Japan. He did his homework and realized that it is a lucrative market for some of his products. Also, Japan offers low rate loans to foreign companies, he is eager to get one of these loans, and use it for this venture. He would like to calculate the efficiency of international borrowing to finance international trade.
Thomas calls you and your team in to discuss the low Japanese loan rates. You agree that this could be a lucrative opportunity to obtain cheap financing, but mention that interest rate fluctuations could impact the value of these loans.
Thomas is not concerned with foreign exchange calculations because he believes exchange rates, which go up, will go down eventually. He cites the Canadian Dollar vs. the U.S. Dollar exchange rate, and highlights that it keeps fluctuating slowly, which will not affect the bottom line. You don’t agree with Thomas on this point and promise him more examples and later present him the following table of interest rates in Japan:
Term Interest rate
1 year fixed 1.0%
2 years fixed 1.5%
3 years fixed 2.0%
5 years fixed 3.0%
Note: This is a bullet loan which means the loan outstanding balance + accumulated interest is repaid at the end of its term.
And showing the interest rates in Canada:
Term Interest rate
1 year fixed 5.0%
2 years fixed 6.5%
3 years fixed 8.0%
5 years fixed 9.0%
Finally, your team explains to Thomas that the current exchange rate is CADJPY = 100.00 (i.e. 1 Canadian Dollar is worth 100.00 Japanese Yen), and the Japanese Yen is expected to rise by 4% per year over the coming 5 years. Thomas asks you for your recommendations and commitment to preparing a report for his consideration.
In your report, calculate the expected exchange rate in 1, 2, 3, & 5 years; calculate the effective borrowing rate for the Japanese loan options. You should assume the following: the loan is taken in Japanese Yen, converted to Canadian Dollars, and finally converted back to Japanese Yen at the end of its term to fully repay the loan and the accumulated interest. Finally, analyze the situation and comment on whether Thomas should consider the foreign-denominated loan as an option to finance operations. If yes, which loan term/terms should be selected? Note: Make any assumptions that are deemed necessary for this case. Clearly state your assumptions in your submissions.
Borrowing in Japan is a viable option for Thomas, but he should choose a 1-year or 2-year fixed interest rate to reduce the risk of exchange rate fluctuations.
A loan is an amount of money that is borrowed and is expected to be paid back with interest. International borrowing allows a company to obtain loans at lower interest rates from foreign banks and financial institutions, as they provide a wider variety of options for financing compared to domestic financial markets. This gives the company more options to choose from, and in some cases, cheaper financing may be available for international trade operations. In terms of Thomas' business, the Canadian Dollar is stronger than the Japanese Yen. As a result, it may be advantageous for him to consider borrowing in Japan.
In this case, Thomas will borrow in Japanese Yen, convert it to Canadian Dollars, then convert it back to Japanese Yen at the end of the loan term with the accumulated interest. Japan offers lower interest rates on loans to foreign companies than Canada does. Thomas can select from 1-year fixed, 2-year fixed, 3-year fixed, or 5-year fixed interest rates in Japan. Given that the Canadian dollar is expected to decrease by 4% per year over the next five years, it is necessary to calculate the exchange rate in 1, 2, 3, and 5 years in order to evaluate the feasibility of the loan option. The following is a table of exchange rates: Term (years) Exchange rate (CADJPY) Expected Exchange rate (CADJPY)1 100.00 96.002 100.00 92.163 100.00 88.384 100.00 80.64In the table above, the expected exchange rate is calculated by multiplying the previous exchange rate by 96% for each year of the loan term.
In this case, the Japanese Yen is expected to strengthen in the next five years, leading to a decrease in the CADJPY exchange rate. The table of interest rates for Japan and Canada is given below: Termapan Interest Rate Canada Interest Rate1 year fixed 1.0% 5.0%2 years fixed 1.5% 6.5%3 years fixed 2.0% 8.0%5 years fixed 3.0% 9.0%The effective borrowing rate for the Japanese loan options is calculated by converting the Japanese Yen loan amount to Canadian Dollars at the current exchange rate, adding the accumulated interest, then converting it back to Japanese Yen at the expected exchange rate for each year of the loan term. The effective borrowing rates are given in the table below: Term Japan Interest Rate Effective Borrowing Rate (CAD) Effective Borrowing Rate (JPY)1 year fixed 1.0% 5.16% 4.98%2 years fixed 1.5% 5.46% 5.27%3 years fixed 2.0% 5.87% 5.63%5 years fixed 3.0% 7.26% 6.84%.
After considering the above figures, it can be concluded that borrowing in Japan is a viable option for Thomas, but he should choose a 1-year or 2-year fixed interest rate to reduce the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. In addition, as the interest rates in Japan are lower than those in Canada, borrowing in Japan would result in lower effective borrowing rates. As a result, Thomas should choose a 2-year fixed interest rate to finance his operations.
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0 of 20 Save Cooper River Glass Works (CRGW) produces four different models of desk lamps as shown on the flowchart. The operations manager knows that total monthly demand exceeds the capacity available for production. Thus, she is interested in determining the product mix which will maximize profits. Each model's price, routing, processing times, and material cost is provided in the flowchart. Demand next month is estimated to be 275 units of model Alpha, 200 units of model Bravo, 150 units of model Charlie, and 250 units of model Delta. CRGW operates only one 8 hours shift per day and is scheduled to work 20 days next month (no overtime).
$13,500/month , it is recommended to produce only Alpha and Delta, as it would maximize the profits.The answer is to maximize profits by producing only model Alpha and Delta. The explanation is as follows:
Given,Total monthly demand = 275 units of Alpha, 200 units of Bravo, 150 units of Charlie, and 250 units of DeltaCRGW operates 8 hours a day and scheduled to work 20 days next monthTotal production time = 8 hours/day x 20 days = 160 hours Demand per hour for each product can be calculated by dividing the demand for the product by the processing time for the product in hours. This is given in the table below:Model Alpha Bravo Charlie DeltaDemand (units) 275 200 150 250Processing time (hours) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5Demand/hour (units/hour) 1375 666.7 375 500The demand per hour for each model is the highest for Alpha with 1375 units/hour, and for Delta it is 500 units/hour. Therefore, the operations manager should produce only model Alpha and Delta, as it will maximize profits. The production should be 80 hours for model Alpha and 40 hours for model Delta.In other words, production of model Bravo and Charlie should be completely stopped as they are neither profitable nor does it generate demand. The profits for producing only Alpha and Delta will be $39,400. This is calculated as follows:Profit from Alpha = (275 units x $72) – (275 units x $27) – (275 units x $9) – (80 hours x $25) = $11,700Profit from Delta = (250 units x $60) – (250 units x $22.5) – (250 units x $10) – (40 hours x $20) = $7,500Total Profit = $11,700 + $7,500 = $19,200/monthProfit for all 4 products is:Profit from Alpha = (275 units x $72) – (275 units x $27) – (275 units x $9) – (80 hours x $25) = $11,700Profit from Bravo = (200 units x $63) – (200 units x $18.9) – (200 units x $15) – (60 hours x $25) = -$1,800Profit from Charlie = (150 units x $42) – (150 units x $9) – (150 units x $9) – (60 hours x $25) = -$3,900Profit from Delta = (250 units x $60) – (250 units x $22.5) – (250 units x $10) – (40 hours x $20) = $7,500Total profit = $11,700 – $1,800 – $3,900 + $7,500 = $13,500/months.
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In the given case, Cooper River Glass Works (CRGW) produces four models of desk lamps, namely Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, and Delta. The product mix is optimized in order to maximize the profit for the company.
The production time and materials for each of these models are given in the flowchart. The company operates for only 8 hours a day and 20 days in a month. There is no overtime. The demand for each of the models is 275, 200, 150, and 250 units for Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, and Delta, respectively. A flowchart is a pictorial representation of a process. It is a graphic representation of a process, displaying the steps in a circle and their sequence. It is also known as a process flowchart or process chart. It is used to visualize a workflow, process, or algorithm. The given flowchart represents the different models of desk lamps produced by Cooper River Glass Works (CRGW). It shows the processing time, routing, and material cost for each of the models. It can be used to determine the product mix that will maximize profits.
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TRUE / FALSE. """Miller and Modigliani Proposition 1, with taxes"" says that
levered firm's value is higher than all-equity firm's
value. [ Select ] [""TRUE"",
""FALSE""]
The risk to the stockholders is lower when"
Miller and Modigliani Proposition 1, with taxes, states that the value of a levered firm is equal to the value of an unlevered firm plus the value of the tax shield. Therefore, the statement "levered firm's value is higher than all-equity firm's value" is TRUE.
Miller and Modigliani Proposition 1 claims that the value of a company is determined by its generating capacity and the risk of its cash flows, not by the way it decides to pay dividends or finance investments. Proposing a set of assumptions that challenge the validity of dividend policy relevance and traditional capital structure theories, the Proposition argued that, in a world without taxes, transaction costs, or other market frictions, it is impossible to create any additional wealth by changing the structure of the financial claims of a firm. Furthermore, Miller and Modigliani's Proposition 1 with taxes stated that the value of a levered firm is equal to the value of an unlevered firm plus the value of the tax shield.
To conclude, the main answer is "TRUE." The statement "Miller and Modigliani Proposition 1, with taxes, says that levered firm's value is higher than all-equity firm's value" is true, as explained above.
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A researcher plans to study the causal effect of a strong legal system on the economy, using data from a sample of countries. The researcher plans to regress national income per capita on whether the country has a strong legal system or not (an indicator variable taking the value 1 or 0, based on expert opinion). Do you think this regression suffers from omitted variable bias? Which variables would you add to the regression?
Yes, the regression as described suffers from omitted variable bias. Omitted variable bias occurs when an important variable that influences both the dependent variable (national income per capita) and the independent variable (indicator for a strong legal system) is not included in the regression analysis.
In this case, there are likely other factors besides the legal system that can impact national income per capita, such as education, infrastructure, political stability, natural resources, and trade policies.
To address omitted variable bias, the researcher should consider adding relevant control variables to the regression model. These variables should be theoretically and empirically justified as potential determinants of national income per capita. By including these variables, the researcher can account for their independent effects and isolate the specific causal impact of a strong legal system on the economy.
For example, the researcher could consider adding variables such as educational attainment, infrastructure quality, political stability index, natural resource abundance, trade openness, and other relevant economic indicators. These variables would help capture the influence of factors beyond the legal system on national income per capita, reducing the potential bias and providing a more comprehensive analysis of the relationship between a strong legal system and the economy.
It is important to note that the selection of control variables should be based on prior knowledge, economic theory, and empirical evidence to ensure they are appropriate for the analysis and do not introduce additional biases.
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Points Suppose a real cash flow occurring in year 2 is 50,000. If the inflation rate is 10% per year, calculate nominal cash flow for year 2. 60,500 B) 50,000 55,000 D) 78,000 Question 4 1.25 Points Capital equipment costing $200,000 today has salvage value of $50,000 at the end of 5 years. If straight line depreciation is used, what is the book value of the equipment at the end of year 2? $200,000 B) $170,000 $140,000 $50,000 Question 5 Drines
The book value of the equipment at the end of year 2 is $140,000. Option C) $140,000
Question 1Real cash flow is the cash flow, which accounts for inflation, and nominal cash flow is the cash flow, which doesn't account for inflation. Given that the real cash flow occurring in year 2 is $50,000 and the inflation rate is 10% per year, we can calculate nominal cash flow for year 2 as follows:Nominal cash flow for year 2 = Real cash flow for year 2 × (1 + inflation rate)Nominal cash flow for year 2 = $50,000 × (1 + 0.10)Nominal cash flow for year 2 = $50,000 × 1.10Nominal cash flow for year 2 = $55,000Therefore, the nominal cash flow for year 2 is $55,000.Option C) 55,000Question 2The equipment costs $200,000 today and has a salvage value of $50,000 at the end of 5 years. Straight-line depreciation is used, which means that the depreciation expense will be the same every year. Depreciation expense per year can be calculated as:Depreciation expense = (Cost of equipment - Salvage value) / Useful life Depreciation expense = ($200,000 - $50,000) / 5Depreciation expense = $30,000Book value is the value of the asset that appears on the company's balance sheet. It can be calculated as the difference between the cost of the asset and accumulated depreciation. The accumulated depreciation at the end of year 2 can be calculated as:Accumulated depreciation = Depreciation expense per year × Number of years accumulated depreciation = $30,000 × 2Accumulated depreciation = $60,000Book value at the end of year 2 can be calculated as:Book value = Cost of equipment - Accumulated depreciationBook value = $200,000 - $60,000Book value = $140,000Therefore, the book value of the equipment at the end of year 2 is $140,000.Option C) $140,000
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Noor is measuring her subordinates' attendance and punctuality, she is using............. measures. a) Trait b) Behavioral c) Output d) Optimum
Noor is measuring her subordinates' attendance and punctuality, and she is using behavioral measures. In order to evaluate employee performance, behavioral measures are used. The primary aim of a behavioral measure is to assess the employee's attitude and conduct toward their work.
What is a behavioral measure?Behavioral measures of performance assess an employee's behaviour and attitude toward their job duties. It encompasses many job skills such as punctuality, attendance, efficiency, dependability, initiative, and attitude, to mention a few.
In comparison to outcome measures, which evaluate the final output or output generated by an employee, behavioral measures evaluate the behaviour of employees. The focus of behavioral measures is on what the employee does to create the final output.
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There are many project management methodologies discussed in this course. There are even times when project managers find it necessary to combine more than one methodology to form new hybrid approaches in order to achieve the desired level of efficiency.
a. Identify at least three (3) different project management methodologies and discuss how they help project teams to work better?
b. What makes one methodology better than another?
2. Preparing for a specific international project requires serious pre-project homework. Understanding the motivation of the firm in selecting the project and its site provides important insights.
a. How would you explain to your Project Director about the basic political, geographic, economic, and infrastructure factors to be taken into consideration on a foreign project?
b. How will they impact the implementation of the project?
Project management methodologies are structured approaches or frameworks that guide the planning, execution, and control of projects
a. Three different project management methodologies and how they help project teams to work better are as follows:
Agile methodology: The agile methodology is a highly flexible methodology that allows for frequent changes to be made throughout the project development process. Agile methodologies break down projects into smaller components, which are then completed in iterations. This allows for feedback and changes to be made along the way, increasing the chances of success.
Waterfall methodology: Waterfall methodology is a structured methodology that follows a linear, sequential approach. This methodology works best when the project requirements are clear and well-defined. The project is broken down into a series of sequential stages, with each stage being completed before moving on to the next.
PRINCE2 methodology: PRINCE2 is a project management methodology that is widely used in the UK and Europe. It is a structured methodology that provides a clear framework for project management. It is a process-based methodology that divides the project into a series of manageable stages. PRINCE2 is highly adaptable and can be used for a wide range of projects. It is also highly scalable, making it suitable for both small and large projects.
b. Each project is unique and requires a project management methodology that is tailored to its specific needs. A project manager must carefully evaluate each methodology and determine which one is best suited to their project. Factors that should be considered when selecting a project management methodology include the complexity of the project, the level of uncertainty, the level of stakeholder involvement, the available resources, the project timelines, and the level of risk.
2. Preparing for a specific international project requires serious pre-project homework. Understanding the motivation of the firm in selecting the project and its site provides important insights.
a. The basic political, geographic, economic, and infrastructure factors to be taken into consideration on a foreign project are as follows:
Political Factors: It is important to understand the political environment of the country where the project is being undertaken. The political stability of the country, the laws, regulations, and policies, and the level of government involvement in business must all be taken into consideration.
Geographic Factors: The geography of the country, such as the climate, topography, and natural disasters, must be taken into consideration. The location of the project and the accessibility of the site must also be considered.
Economic Factors: The economic environment of the country must be taken into consideration. Factors such as the exchange rate, inflation, and the cost of labour and materials must all be evaluated.
Infrastructure Factors: The infrastructure of the country must be taken into consideration. This includes the availability of utilities, transportation, communication, and other essential services.
b. The above factors can impact the implementation of a project in many ways. Political instability, for example, can increase the level of risk associated with the project, while geographic factors such as natural disasters can delay or halt the project altogether. Economic factors such as inflation and exchange rates can increase the cost of the project, making it less profitable. Infrastructure factors can impact the availability of resources and services required to implement the project, making it more challenging to complete the project on time and within budget.
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The respective normal account balances of Sales, Refund Liability, and Estimated Inventory Returns are: credit, credit, debit. O credit, credit, credit. O credit, debit, credit. O debit, credit, debit.
The respective normal account balances of Sales, Refund Liability, and Estimated Inventory Returns are credit, debit, and credit. Thus, option D is correct.
In Inventory Edge, there are two types of return transactions: Supplier Returns and Inventory Returns, wherein a Supplier Return is when you return inventory items to the supplier you bought them from and subtract them from your on-hand quantity; an Inventory Return is when you add inventory items that have already been issued out for use back to your stock.
When goods are returned, the accounts receivable or cash account is credited to repay cash or lower what the customer owes, and the sales returns and allowances account is debited to reduce sales. To add the returned products back into inventory, a second entry debiting inventory must be made.
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Anthony owns a tanning salon that is expected to produce annual cash flows forever. The tanning salon is worth $934,100.00 and the cost of capital is 11.65%. Annual cash flows are expected with the first one due in one year and all subsequent ones growing annually by 8.10%. What is the amount of the annual cash flow produced by the tanning salon in 1 year expected to be? a)$184,484.75 (plus or minus $10) b)$263,126.76 (plus or minus $10) c)$33,160.55 (plus or minus $10) d)$26,312,676.06 (plus or minus $10)
The amount of the annual cash flow produced by the tanning salon in 1 year is expected to be $33,160.55 (plus or minus $10).
To calculate the annual cash flow, we can use the formula for the present value of a growing perpetuity. The formula is given by:
PV = CF / (r - g),
where PV is the present value, CF is the cash flow, r is the discount rate (cost of capital), and g is the growth rate of the cash flows.
Given that the present value of the tanning salon is $934,100.00, the cost of capital is 11.65%, and the annual cash flows are expected to grow annually by 8.10%, we can rearrange the formula to solve for CF:
CF = PV * (r - g).
Plugging in the values, we have:
CF = $934,100.00 * (0.1165 - 0.0810) = $934,100.00 * 0.0355 = $33,160.55.
Therefore, the amount of the annual cash flow produced by the tanning salon in 1 year is expected to be approximately $33,160.55, with a small margin of error.
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Reliable Services, Inc., began 2021 with total assets of $240 million and ended 2021 with total assets of $350 million. During 2021, Reliable Services earned revenues of $390 million and had expenses of $167 million. Reliable Services declared and paid dividends of $21 million in 2021. Prepare the company's income statement for the year ended December 31, 2021, complete with an appropriate heading. Prepare the income statement.
Income Statement for Reliable Services for the year ending 31st December 2021.
Revenues $ 390 million Less: Expenses ($ 167 million)Net Income $ 223 million Less: Dividends paid ($ 21 million)Net Income Retained $ 202 million Income Statement for Reliable Services for the year ended 31st December 2021:Particulars Amount (in million $)Revenues 390Less: Expenses 167Net Income 223Less: Dividends paid 21Net Income Retained 202Explanation:Income statement for Reliable Services for the year ended 31st December 2021, with the appropriate heading is provided below: Revenue refers to the amount earned by the company by selling goods or services. Here, Reliable Services earned revenue of $ 390 million. This amount is reported on the first line of the income statement. Expenses refer to the cost incurred by the company in order to generate revenue. Here, Reliable Services incurred expenses of $ 167 million. This amount is reported on the second line of the income statement. The difference between revenues and expenses is known as net income or net profit. Here, Reliable Services' net income is calculated as $ 223 million (390 - 167). This amount is reported on the third line of the income statement. Dividends are the amount paid to shareholders out of profits. Here, Reliable Services declared and paid dividends of $ 21 million in 2021. This amount is reported on the fourth line of the income statement. Net income retained is the amount of profit retained by the company after paying dividends. Here, Reliable Services' net income retained is calculated as $ 202 million (223 - 21). This amount is reported on the last line of the income statement.
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EXERCISE 2
MB Company regularly buys merchandise from LJ Suppliers and is allowed a trade discount of 20/10/10
from the list price. For the month of September, MB Company purchased merchandise with a list price of
P200,000 and terms of 3/10, n/30.
Compute the following:
1. The amount debited to Materials if purchases recorded at gross.
2. The amount debited to Materials if the purchases recorded at net.
EXERCISE 3
On June 1, Morales Corporation purchase materials listed at P700,000 while receiving a trade discounts of
10%, and 5%, while the credit term is 5/10, n/30.
Required:
Journal entries to record the purchase and payments assuming
a. Full payment is made on June 9.
b. Full payment is made on June 30 using the following:
1. Gross Method
2. Net Method
EXERCISE 4
An invoice for A, B, and C is received from Harp Corp. Invoice totals are A - P11,250; B - P13,500; and C
- P15,750. The freight charges on this shipment of 18,000 pounds total P1,620. Weights for the respective
materials are 4,500, 6,000, and 7,500 pounds respectively.
Compute the following:
1. Entry to record the purchase of materials and freight using:
a. Direct charging method.
b. Indirect charging method.
2. Cost per pound to be entered on the stock cards for each material based on cost.
3. Cost per pound to be entered on the stock cards for each material, based on shipping weight.
List price of merchandise purchased = P200,000Trade discount of 20/10/10: 20% + 10% + 10% = 36%Trade discount = 36% x P200,000 = P72,000Net amount due = P200,000 - P72,000 = P128,000Amount debited to Materials if purchases recorded at gross = P200,0002
EXERCISE 2
1. The amount debited to Materials if purchases recorded at gross. List price of merchandise purchased = P200,000Trade discount of 20/10/10: 20% + 10% + 10% = 36%Trade discount = 36% x P200,000 = P72,000Net amount due = P200,000 - P72,000 = P128,000Amount debited to Materials if purchases recorded at gross = P200,0002. The amount debited to Materials if the purchases recorded at net. List price of merchandise purchased = P200,000Trade discount of 20/10/10: 20% + 10% + 10% = 36%Net amount due = P200,000 x (1 - 36%) = P128,000Amount debited to Materials if purchases recorded at net = P128,000EXERCISE 3
a. Full payment is made on June 9.June 1Materials 700,000Accounts payable - Morales Corporation 700,000June 9Accounts payable - Morales Corporation 700,000Cash 665,000Loss on payment of accounts payable 35,000b. Full payment is made on June 30 using the following:1. Gross MethodJune 1Materials 700,000Accounts payable - Morales Corporation 700,000June 30Accounts payable - Morales Corporation 700,000Cash 665,000Purchase discounts 21,000Loss on payment of accounts payable 14,0002. Net MethodJune 1Materials 700,000Accounts payable - Morales Corporation 700,000June 30Accounts payable - Morales Corporation 665,000Cash 665,000Purchase discounts 35,000EXERCISE 4
1. Entry to record the purchase of materials and freight using:Weight of material A = 4,500 poundsWeight of material B = 6,000 poundsWeight of material C = 7,500 poundsTotal weight = 18,000 poundsCost of freight per pound = P1,620 ÷ 18,000 pounds = P0.09 per pounda. Direct charging method.Materials inventory 41,100Accounts payable - Harp Corp. 41,100b. Indirect charging method.Materials inventory 40,905Accounts payable - Harp Corp. 40,905Freight-in 1952. Cost per pound to be entered on the stock cards for each material based on cost.Cost of material A = P11,250 ÷ 4,500 pounds = P2.50 per poundCost of material B = P13,500 ÷ 6,000 pounds = P2.25 per poundCost of material C = P15,750 ÷ 7,500 pounds = P2.10 per pound3. Cost per pound to be entered on the stock cards for each material, based on shipping weight.Cost of material A = (P11,250 + (4,500 pounds x P0.09)) ÷ 4,500 pounds = P2.75 per poundCost of material B = (P13,500 + (6,000 pounds x P0.09)) ÷ 6,000 pounds = P2.40 per poundCost of material C = (P15,750 + (7,500 pounds x P0.09)) ÷ 7,500 pounds = P2.25 per pound
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Big Machine Corp had the following activities during the year:
Proceeds from the sale of land $300,000
Gain on sale of land $50,000
Proceeds from the issue of common shares $1,000,000
Purchase of equipment $450,000
Repayment of mortgage outstanding on the sold land $200,000
Interest paid $22,5000
Dividends paid $10,000
What was Big Machine's cash flow from investing activities for the year?
The Big Machine Corp had a net money surge of -$150,000 from investing activities during the year.
Cash flow from financial investing exercises is a part of the income proclamation that shows the cash made or spent interfacing with the hypothesis works out. Contributing exercises incorporate the acquisition of actual resources, interests in protections, or the offer of protections or resources.
To calculate the net cash flow from investing activities, we subtract the cash outflows from the cash inflows:
Statement showing cash flow from Investing Activities
Particulars Amount
Continues from the offer of land for $ 300,000
Purchase of equipment $ -450,000
Cash flow from Investing Activities
= $ 300,000 - $ 450,000 = - $ 150,000 $ - 150,000
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Putter's Choice carries an inventory of putters and other golf
clubs. The sales price of each putter is $144. Company records
indicate the following for a particular
line of Putter's Choice's putters:
Putter's Choice carries an inventory of putters and other golf clubs. The sales price of each putter is $144. Company records indicate the following for a particular line of Putter's Choice's putters:
The cost of ending inventory is $266 as well as the cost of goods sold for the month is $5,804.
What is the inventory recordTo calculate the weighted-average cost per unit, one has to use the fomula of:
Weighted-Average Cost per Unit = Total Cost / Quantity
So one has to calculate the weighted-average cost per unit after each transaction:
Balance: Weighted-Average Cost per Unit
= $1,520 / 19
= $80
Purchase: Weighted-Average Cost per Unit
= ($1,520 + $4,550) / (19 + 50)
= $88.78
So, to calculate the new inventory on hand balance after each transaction, one can:
Balance: Inventory on Hand = 19
Sale: Inventory on Hand
= 19 - 14
= 5
Purchase: Inventory on Hand
= 5 + 50
= 55
Sale: Inventory on Hand
= 55 - 50
= 5
Sale: Inventory on Hand
= 5 - 2
= 3
So to calculate the cost of ending inventory is done by:
Cost of Ending Inventory = Inventory on Hand * Weighted-Average Cost per Unit
= 3 x $88.78 = $266
The cost of goods sold is calculated by:
Cost of Goods Sold = Total Cost - Cost of Ending Inventory
= $6,070 - $266
= $5,804
So, the cost of ending inventory is $266 as well as the cost of goods sold for the month is $5,804.
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See full question below
Putter's Choice carries an inventory of putters and other golf clubs. The sales price of each putter is $151. Company records indicate the following for a particular line of Putter's Choice's putters (Click the icon to view the records.) Read the requirements Requirement 1. Prepare Putter's Choice's perpetual inventory record for the putters assuming Putter's Choice uses the weighted-average inventory costing method Round weighted-average cost per unit to the nearest cent and all other amounts to the nearest dollar Then identify the cost of ending inventory and cost of goods sold for the month Start by entering the beginning inventory balances. Enter the transactions in chronological order, calculating new inventory on hand balances after each transaction Once all of the transactions have been entered into the perpetual record, calculate the quantity and total cost of inventory purchased, sold, and on hand at the end of the period
Table
Data Item Quantity Unit Cost
Jan 1 Balance 19 $ 80
Jun. 6 Sale 14
Jun. 8 Purchase 50 91
Jun. 17 Sale 50
Jun. 30 Sale 2
Requirements:
1. Prepare Putter's Choice's perpetual inventory record for the putters assuming Putter's Choice uses the weighted-average inventory costing method. Round weighted-average cost per unit to the nearest cent and all other amounts to the nearest dollar. Then identify the cost of ending inventory and cost of goods sold for the month.
Manufacturing Costs: Beginning work in process, $35,100, comprised of $21,100 of materials and $14,000 of conversion costs. Materials added $68,000; labor and overhead added $56,200. (a) Required: Compute equivalent units of production for (1) materials and (2) conversion costs. Materials Conversion (b) Assume your answers to (a) above were 49,500 units for materials and 46,800 for conversion costs. Required: Compute the unit costs for the month. Materials Conversion (c) Assume your answers to (b) above were $1.50 for materials and 50,80 for conversion costs. Required: Determine the costs to be assigned to the units transferred out. (d) Assume the same unit costs as given in (c) above. Required: Determine the costs assigned to the 9,000 units in ending work in process.
a) Equivalent units of production (EUP): 91,300 units.b)Unit Cost for the Month $0.81.c)Cost Assigned to Units Transferred Out= $172,575.d)The costs assigned to the 9,000 units in ending work in process are $7,290.
a) Equivalent units of production (EUP):Materials EUP = Units completed and transferred out + Ending work in process × Percentage completionMaterials EUP = (35,100 units + 68,000 units) + [0.00 × (9,000 units)] = 103,100 unitsConversion costs EUP = Units completed and transferred out + Ending work in process × Percentage completionConversion costs EUP = (35,100 units + 56,200 units) + [0.00 × (9,000 units)] = 91,300 units.
b)Unit Cost for the Month:Materials = (Beginning WIP Materials + Materials added) ÷ EUPMaterial Unit Cost = (35,100 + 68,000) ÷ 103,100 = $0.94Conversion Costs = (Beginning WIP Conversion + Conversion costs added) ÷ EUPConversion Cost Unit Cost = (14,000 + 56,200) ÷ 91,300 = $0.81.
c) Cost Assigned to Units Transferred Out:Total Cost = Units completed and transferred out × Unit costTotal Cost = 103,100 × ($0.94 + $0.81)Total Cost = $172,575.
d) Cost of Ending Work in Process:Cost of ending WIP materials = Material cost per EUP × Ending WIP materials EUPCost of ending WIP materials = $0.94 × (9,000 units × 0.00) = $0.00Cost of ending WIP conversion = Conversion cost per EUP × Ending WIP conversion EUPCost of ending WIP conversion = $0.81 × (9,000 units × 100%) = $7,290.
Therefore, the costs assigned to the 9,000 units in ending work in process are $7,290.
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