Using the ultrasonication and agitation method of liposome preparation, what concentration of lipid is necessary to prepare liposomes with a diameter of 250 nm?.

Answers

Answer 1

The concentration of lipids necessary to prepare liposomes with a diameter of 250 nm is 0.30 mM.

What are liposomes?

Liposomes are vesicles which are made up of a lipid bilayer membrane.

Liposomes are important as delivery vehicles for substances such as drugs.

Ultrasonication is a method of liposomes preparation.

Solution of liposomes is dependent on the size.

The larger the diameter, the smaller the l elution volume. Also, increasing lipid concentration will decreases elution volume.

Therefore, the concentration of lipids necessary to prepare liposomes with a diameter of 250 nm is 0.30 mM.

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Related Questions

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause:

Answers

You could most likely go into shock from blood loss, become unresponsive, and even result in death.

According to the research, accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause distention.

What is distention?

It is the dilated state of organic cavities (abdomen), hollow organs (intestine, stomach, pericardium, abdomen, bladder, gallbladder, vena cava) and solid organs (hepatic capsule, etc.).

In this state the abdominal cavity can experience a certain degree of enlargement of its contents without rupturing.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause distention.

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(02.07 MC)
The table below shows population data for a particular country in 2010:
Population (millions) 40.5
Births (per 1,000)
30
Deaths (per 1,000) 3
Total Fertility Rate 3.3
Infant Mortality Rate
(per 1,000 births)
Which of the following would explain why the total fertility rate is 3.8 five years later?
2
O A governmental policy to ensure replacement-level fertility remains constant even though there is no change in death rate.
Females are being given fewer educational opportunities so there is a reluctance to have children.
Couples are able to settle down at younger ages and quality of life has improved in the nation.
O The birth rate is determined to be 28 births for every 1,000 individuals five years later.

Answers

Option D seems to provide the most information about the total fertility rate, which is 3.8 five years later.

Why does fertility decline over time?

A variety of factors contribute to the decline in fertility rates. One of the factors is primarily due to job changes, reproductive health issues, and other factors.

Thus, the answer is option D is the mathematical option that best explains the total fertility rate of 3.8 five years later.

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Describe the processes that occur after pollination, including fertilisation and seed formation.

Answers

Answer:

Step one: After pollen has landed on the stigma, it grows a pollen tube down through the style to the ovary. Step two: The nucleus of the pollen grain travels down the pollen tube and fertilises the nucleus in the ovule. Step three: The fertilised ovule develops into a seed.

hope it helps.

A distinguishing characteristic that can be inherited is a (n)

Answers

dhdjsjdjdjdidduyudyfiriyyfifiyfyuihf

Which of the following is an example of pseudoscience?

Answers

An example of pseudoscience is Astrology.

What is Pseudoscience?

Pseudoscience may be defined as a recommendation, a determination, or a method of illustration that is delivered as science but that lacks the severity important to the scientific approach.

Pseudoscience may always deal with the concept of recommendation methods which seems to be faulty and does not provide enough evidence to support the answer.

Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and medicine involve the approach of scientific methods in their contents. Hence, these branches of sciences do not get classified under Pseudoscience.

The complete question is as follows:

Which of the following is an example of pseudoscience?

BiologyAstrologyChemistryPhysicsMedicine

Therefore, the correct option is B, i.e. Astrology.

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Is the neurone a cell, tissue or an organ?

Answers

Answer:

Cell

Explanation:

Glial cells and neurons are the two types of cells that make up the nervous system. Four tasks are carried out by glial cells, which make up the nervous system's supporting framework: Give the neurons structural support. protect the neurons. A neuron is a specialized, impulse-conducting cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of the cell body and its processes, the axon and dendrites.  Three components make up neurons (nerve cells), which perform the integration and communication processes. Axon terminals, dendrites, and axons. The cell body, also known as the soma, is their fourth component and is responsible for the fundamental functions of neurons. In the illustration to the right, a "typical" neuron is depicted. The neuron, a specialized cell created to send information to other nerve cells, muscle cells, or gland cells, is the basic functional unit of the brain. Neurons are nervous system cells that communicate information to other nerve, muscle, and gland cells. Axons, dendrites, and a cell body make up the majority of neurons.

Answer:

nerve type of cell

Explanation:

I looked it up

The following models show one large cell (A) and four small cells (B). 0 C A B Which of the following states why one of the models is better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell? © A. B is better because it has more surface area. © B. A is better because it has more surface area. O C. A is better because it has less volume O D. B is better because it has less volume

Answers

B is one of the models that are better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell because B has smaller cells but more surface area than A.​ Thus, the correct option is A.

How do nutrients move in and out of the cell?

Nutrients are entranced throughout cells, tissues, and even your whole body through the blood via capillaries. Tiny blood vessels that unite arteries to the veins also facilitate the transportation of nutrients in and out of the cell.

The surface area of the cell plays an essential function in demarcating its effectiveness in fascinating the nutrients through indirect approaches like diffusion as it assists in transporting the nutrients without utilizing energy.

Therefore, B is one of the models that are better for moving more nutrients in and out of the cell because B has smaller cells but more surface area than A.​

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What are two sides of the Golgi body

Answers

Each Golgi stack has two distinct ends, or faces. The cis face of a Golgi stack is the end of the organelle where substances enter from the endoplasmic reticulum for processing, while the trans face is where they exit in the form of smaller detached vesicles.

In a microbiology laboratory, what does culturing mean?.

Answers

Answer: fungi parasites and viruses can be grown in a lab when appropriate conditions are met

Explanation: The precise characteristics of the growing culture can be used to identify the specific microbe

Where does the H band lie?

Answers

The H band lie around the zone of the thick filaments and is the most appropriate choice.

What is H band?

This appears in the middle of the sarcomere and consists of only myosin and is characterized by the presence of thick filaments in the structure.

In this band, actin is not present which is how the band is usually identified in the laboratory.

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Discuss the importance of legislation to protect marshes.

Answers

The role of the legislation is to make and pass laws that will be followed by the citizens of the nation.

In this capacity, the legislation may declare endangered marshes under the protection of the government and impose penalties to those who trespass on government lands.

How marshes area help in eliminating pollution?

1. Wetlands help in eliminating pollutants and thus helps in bioremediation.  

2. The wetlands assist in reducing the frequencies of erosion and floods. The wetlands function as a sponge and captivate the majority of the water at the time of heavy rainfall, which gets released gradually. This, in turn, helps in replenishing the groundwater level.  

3. Different kinds of species like insects, plants, reptiles, microbes, and reptiles thrive in wetlands, thus, forming a food web.  

4. Wetlands also donate to the economy of the country by providing timber, fish, rice, berries, and other things of medicinal values.  

Thus, this could be the answer.

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If a human has an X and a Y chromosome pair, they are Otrue-breeding O female Ohybrid O male​

Answers

Answer:

They are a male.

Explanation:

Without enzymes, many chemical
reactions would be....
A. slower
B. faster
C. non-spontaneous
D. easier

Answers

Without enzymes in your body, the chemical
reactions would be very slow :))
Without enzymes many chemical reactions would be non spontaneous

Write about the importance of exothermic reactions in daily life and illustrate the destruction caused by their absence

Answers

Everyday uses of exothermic reactions include self-heating cans and hand warmers. When energy is taken in from the surroundings, this is called an endothermic reaction and the temperature of the surroundings decreases.

What are the adheres junctions?

Answers

Adherens junctions (AJs) are defined as cell-cell adhesion complexes that are progressively assembled and disassembled.

What are Adherens junctions?

Adherens junctions (AJs) are defined as cell-cell adhesion complexes that are progressively assembled and disassembled. This assembling operation  allows cells within a tissue to respond to forces, biochemical signals as well as other structural changes in their microenvironment.

The functions of Adherens junctions are;

Initiate cell-cell contacts.Mediate the maturation.Maintenance of the contact.

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Which of the following is true about the scientific method?

The conclusion should confirm the original hypothesis.
Scientists frequently do not work in a linear sequence.
It is important to follow each step in order so the results are valid.
All scientists utilize the same scientific method with the same steps.

Answers

The statement which is true about the scientific method is that "it is important to follow each step in order so the results are valid." Thus, the correct option is C.

What is the Scientific method?

The scientific method may be characterized as an approach to investigation in which a problem is determined, appropriate data are collected, an assumption is composed of these data, and the hypothesis has been empirically experimented with.

Scientific methods always deal with a scripted format of identifying the problem, making a hypothesis, collecting the data associated with a hypothesis, synthesizing a methodology, observing it, and making a conclusion.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is C.

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Your kitchen is full of plants from different classes. Identify five different plants (or fruits of those plants, or products of those plants) and their class.

Answers

Herbs, basil, rosemary, mint, cilantro, and parsley, if that’s not good enough than I’ll name fruits and veggies such as apple, banana, peach, mango, and watermelon. Plus you can also say tea, coffee, and chocolate.

What is the structure and function of microtubules?

Answers

Structurally microtubules are composed of alpha and beta-tubulin, whereas their functions include cell division, structural support, etc.

What are microtubules?

The microtubules are key proteins present in eukaryotic cells that form part of the cytoskeleton.

Microtubules are composed of subunits of alpha and beta-tubulin that link together to form structures 24 nm thick.

In conclusion, structurally microtubules are composed of alpha and beta-tubulin, whereas their functions include cell division, structural support, etc.

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Which of the following correctly describes what happens to liquid and gas particles with
more thermal energy?
Select one:
O a. Liquid and gas particles with more thermal energy expand.
O b. Liquid and gas particles with more thermal energy condense.
O c.
Liquid and gas particles with more thermal energy rise.
O d. Liquid and gas particles with more thermal energy fall.

Answers

Answer:

i think a. is correct answer (:

hope its help for u

Which cellular process do scorpions most likely go through to
produce ATP?
A) anaerobic respiration
B) alcohol fermentation
C) lactic acid fermentation
D) aerobic respiration

Answers

Answer:

D) aerobic respiration

Explanation:

the diaphragm is innervated by the __________ nerve, which allows it to contract.

Answers

The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve, which allows it to contract.

What is phrenic nerve?  

The C3-C5 spinal nerves, which are parts of the cervical plexus, give rise to the phrenic nerve, a mixed nerve. It begins in the neck and travels through the thorax vertically before terminating on the diaphragm.

The phrenic nerve is bilateral, there are some significant distinctions between the left and right counterparts in terms of its courses and interactions with surrounding structures.

The primary purpose of the phrenic nerve, which makes it an essential part of the physiology of breathing, is to deliver the full motor innervation to the diaphragm.

Diaphragm is controlled by the phrenic nerve (the large dome-shaped muscle between abdominal and chest cavities). It is necessary for breathing. Diaphragm contracts as a result of signals sent by nerve (become thicker and flatter). This motion makes room for  lungs to expand and take in air (inhalation).

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EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION 3 OF 3 Biogeography Evidence Oceanic islands can be home to species found nowhere else on Earth. Why? Island habitats are more diverse than non- island habitats. Islands are free of disease and carnivores. Islands are often isolated, minimizing gene flow and maximizing diversification. Island habitats are stable, minimizing adaptation and maximizing reproduction.

Answers

The statement 'Islands are often isolated, minimizing gene flow and maximizing diversification' explains why islands may have unique species on Earth.

What is isolation?

Isolation refers to the absence of gene flow between individuals of the same species for extended periods of time.

Isolation due to geographic barriers (e.g., a island) may led to reproductive differentiation and even to speciation.

In conclusion, the statement 'Islands are often isolated, minimizing gene flow and maximizing diversification' explains why islands may have unique species on Earth.

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which of the following is true regarding speciation and mechanisms of evolution?

Answers

Speciation is one of the driving processes of evolution and results in the formation of new species.

What is evolution?

Evolution is the process by which new organisms are formed from existing organisms due to changes that result in increasing complexity of the organisms.

Speciation is the process by which new species are formed from existing species.

Therefore, it can be concluded that speciation is one of the driving processes of evolution.

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Sharks, whales, and dolphins share similar features such as body shape and the position of fins. However, sharks have gills for breathing,
while whales and dolphins have lungs. These differences indicate that the organisms share common ancestor for
v
Whales also possess a vestigial pelvic bone. The presence of the pelvis bone may indicate that whales?

Answers

Ans These differences show that they belong to a same kind of species. But in science whales are categorized as mammal

Explanation:

During an action potential, the rapid decrease in sodium permeability and simultaneous increase in potassium permeability is responsible for __________.

Answers

During an action potential, the rapid decrease in sodium permeability and simultaneous increase in potassium permeability is responsible for Repolarization.

K+ departs the cell after Na+, which enters the cell first. Ions can move freely across the axon membrane because of the difference during the action potential.Because sodium contains a positive charge, the neuron becomes more positive and depolarized. Potassium channels take longer to open. As soon as the cell does open, K+ rushes out, reversing the depolarization known as repolarization.Sodium channels close during the peak of the action potential when potassium leaves the cell. When potassium ions are effluxed, the membrane potential is lowered or the cell becomes hyperpolarized.Outside of the cell, the concentration of Na+ is greater than inside the cell. while the concentration of K+ is  is greater inside the cell than outside.

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Cod fry often settle under the bell of some jellyfish species, whose tentacles are poisonous. Name the form of relationship illustrated by this example. Assume the mechanism of formation of this device

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

해파리 (cnidarians) have a worldwide distribution. Despite most being harmless, some species may cause local and also systemic reactions. 처치 of 해파리 envenomation is directed at: alleviating the local effects of venom, preventing further nematocyst discharges and controlling systemic reactions, including shock. In severe cases, the most important step is stabilizing and maintaining vital functions. With some 차이점 between species, there seems to be evidence and consensus on oral/topical analgesics, hot water and ice packs as effective painkillers and on 30 s application of domestic vinegar (4%–6% acetic acid) to prevent further discharge of unfired nematocysts remaining on the skin. Conversely, alcohol, methylated spirits and fresh water should be 조심스럽게 avoided, since they could massively discharge nematocysts; pressure immobilization bandaging should also be avoided, as laboratory studies show that it stimulates additional venom discharge from nematocysts. Most 처치 approaches are presently founded on 상대적으로 weak evidence; therefore, further research (especially randomized clinical trials) is strongly recommended. Dissemination of appropriate 처치 modalities should be deployed to better inform and educate those at risk. Adequate signage should be placed at 바닷가 to notify tourists of the jellyfish risk. Swimmers in risky areas should wear 보호 장비.

Which of the following energy is converted into chemical energy by the chlorophylls?
Thermal energy
Light energy
Heat energy
Nuclear energy

Answers

Answer:

light energy

Explanation:

Plants take in sunlight given off by the sun to make food during photosynthesis

Answer: Light Energy

Explanation: Chlorophyll absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

What is the triad of anaesthetics?

Answers

The Triad of anaesthetics as required in the task content are; Narcosis, Analgesia and Muscle relaxation.

What is the Triad of anaesthetics?

The triad of anaesthetics as the name implies contains the stage of narcosis, analgesia and finally muscle relaxation and hence, acting on each one of the triad with selective drugs helps to avoid deep levels of central brain depression.

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Two chromosomes that look alike and have the same sequence of genes in the same positions are a(n) ______ pair.

Answers

Answer:Gene

Explanation:

What does an Epidemiologist study?
A. Diseases
B. Plants
C. The Epidermis
D. Insects

Answers

Answer:

Epidemiologists study outbreaks of diseases, the causes, locations, and how various communities are affected

More information -

TYPES OF EPIDEMIOLOGOST

1) infection control

2) Pharmaceutical

3) Medical

4).Infectious Disease

5). field

6) Molecular

7).Veterinary

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