The amount of carbon flux in the atmosphere will be 3.3 GtC/yr
Carbon flux calculationThe carbon flux in the atmosphere can be calculated by:
1. Removing the amount of carbon that leaves the atmosphere from the amount that enters the atmosphere.
2. Adding the amount of carbon released by fossil fuel burning.
Thus,
Carbon flux = 211.6 - 213.8 + 5.5 = 3.3 GtC/yr
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In the nebular hypothesis, why did the nebula start to collapse?
Answer:
Because of gravity and as a result, created planets and stars.
(Likely by a nearby supernova shockwave also)
What is a step by step explanation of the nebular hypothesis?Although I'm not an expert, I seem to recall reading that solar systems often begin with clouds of unorganized matter measuring 20 parsecs (65 light years) across. Most of them are hydrogen molecules. The pressure required to hold the molecules together increases with temperature, but because the typical temperature is around 12 k, the pressure is negligible. It originates from the gravity of the cloud itself. Material from novas, colliding neutron stars, and high-speed material jets emerging from stars and black holes all contribute to the continuous enrichment of such clouds. That adds those heavy elements—like gold—that can only be produced by the rapid neutron capture (rNC) process as opposed to the simple nuclear fusion process (slow neutron capture). These clouds spontaneously emerge from floating pieces of material, hold together for millions of years, and eventually disperse. A component of the cloud condenses along the route for a variety of causes, including localized concentrations of greater density or shock waves from supernovae. Unbalances in the cloud lead it to split up when condensation takes place. Then those fragments shatter once again, leaving you with barely enough for a solar system. It would have been within 3.5 light years of the initial cloud for our galaxy. The contraction up to this point has been isothermal, which means that heat is being radiated so quickly that temperature stays mostly unchanged. The creation of a Bonnor-Ebert sphere comes next. Although such zones frequently appear in photographs in a faint manner, this is only a hypothetical area in which there is a certain amount of mass. The First Hydrostatic Core is located here (FHSC or First Core). The First Core can be imagined as a pre-proto Sun with an interior temperature of roughly 300 k and a radius of 1 AU (the same as the Earth's orbit) (26.85 C or 80.33 F). Although it first begins off chilly, it ultimately warms up to 300 k and then grows even hotter over the course of years. The friction of falling materials and adiabatic contraction provide the heat (the kind that makes things hotter). Hydrogen molecules start to break down into atomic hydrogen, which is more dense and falls to the center, at temperatures between 1500 k and 2000 k, on average. Eventually, the atomic hydrogen coalesces into a protostar-sized Second Core. Because the entire system is rotating swiftly and because momentum is being lost in some areas owing to gas shooting off, an accretion disk has already formed. Although in our instance it would have also been a protoplanetary disk, the disk is a protostellar disk. The protostar is regarded as a star until it becomes hot and brilliant enough to begin ejecting the gas and dust. (Prior to it, infalling gas and dust are still adding mass to the protostar.)
In the nebular hypothesis, the collapse of the nebula is believed to have been triggered by a disturbance or shock wave, such as a nearby supernova explosion or the gravitational influence of a passing star or gas cloud.
This disturbance caused the nebula, which was a large and diffuse cloud of gas and dust in space, to start collapsing under the force of its own gravity. As the nebula contracted, its particles came closer together, and the conservation of angular momentum caused it to spin faster.
The collapse and spin eventually led to the formation of a rotating protostellar disk at the center, which eventually evolved into a young star, while the surrounding material formed planets and other celestial bodies through accretion and gravitational attraction.
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7 on the pH scale represents what?
Answer:
seven on the ph scale is the neutral point
Explanation:
The range goes from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base. pH is really a measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the water.
Why is aluminum considered a nonrenewable resource?
In desperate need of help!!!!!!!
Answer:
The answer will be false.
Explanation:
because it is not balanced.
The products of __________ combustion are carbon monoxide, carbon and water. what one word completes this sentence?
Answer:
Complete combustion
Explanation:
To solve such this we must know the concept of combustion reaction. Therefore the products of complete combustion are carbon monoxide, carbon and water.
What is chemical reaction?Chemical reaction is a process in which two or more than two molecules collide in right orientation and energy to form a new chemical compound. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved.
There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like combustion reaction, acid base reaction, double displacement reaction, combustion reactions. The products of complete combustion are carbon monoxide, carbon and water. Large amount of heat is also released in combustion reaction
Therefore the products of complete combustion are carbon monoxide, carbon and water.
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As you know, liquid hydrazine (N2H4) can be used as a rocket fuel. A rocket you designed has a total of 1.35E5 g of hydrazine when it loses power just beyond the atmosphere of Earth. It is on the dark side of the Earth at the time, and the external temperature is 116 K. By the time you notice, the internal temperature of the rocket (and the rocket fuel) has also reached 116 K. How much heat must be applied (in J) to the fuel to warm it back to its operating temperature of 298 K
The heat required to warm the fuel back to it's operating temperature is 3.83×10⁷ J
Data obtained from the question Mass (M) = 1.35×10⁵ g = 1.35×10⁵ / 1000 = 135 KgInitial temperature (T₁) = 116 KFinal temperature (T₂) = 298 KSpecific heat capacity (C) = 1559.45 J/KgK Heat (Q) =?How to determine the heat requiredThe heat required to warm the fuel can be obtained as follow:
Q = MC(T₂ – T₁)
Q = 135 × 1559.45 × (298 – 116)
Q = 135 × 1559.45 × 182
Q = 3.83×10⁷ J
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Arrange these elements into a table showing metals and non-metals: phosphorus, P, barium, Ba, vanadium, V. mercury, Hg, krypton, Kr, potassium, K, and uranium, U.
...,...................................
How a reaction between colorless substances can produce a colored precipitate
A reaction between colorless substances can produce a colored precipitate by formation of new ionic compound.
What is an ionic compound?An ionic compound is a compound that is made up of two elements, one metal and the other non metal, which are held together by an ionic bonding.
When reaction occurs between two colourless substances, colored precipitate results by formation of new ionic compound.
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a burning candle wax reacts with oxygen. after a glass jar is placed over it, the candle goes out. what is the limiting reactant?
Answer:
The Oxygen
Explanation:
When fire is covered, it goes out due to the lack of oxygen to maintain itself.
The limiting reactant in the experiment of the burning candle is oxygen.
What is a limiting reactant?A limiting reactant is a reactant which determines the amount of product that ca be formed in a given reaction.
The limiting reactant is always used up in a reaction, after which the reaction stops.
In the experiment of the burning candle, covering the candle with the glass prevents more oxygen from taking part in the reaction.
Therefore, the limiting reactant is oxygen.
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The reaction of nitrogen(g) with hydrogen(g) to form ammonia(g) proceeds as follows: N2(g) 3H2(g)2NH3(g) When 6.44 grams of N2(g) react with sufficient H2(g), 21.2 kJ of energy are evolved. What is the value of H for the chemical equation given
The enthalpy of the reaction is obtained as 4.876 kJ.
What is the enthalpy?The enthalpy of a reaction is the heat that is absorbed or emitted in a reaction.
Given the reaction; N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇔2NH3(g);
Number of moles of N2 = 6.44 grams/28 g/mol
= 0.23 moles
If 1 mole of N2 releases 21.2 kJ of energy
0.23 moles of N2 releases 0.23 moles * 21.2 kJ /1 mole
= 4.876 kJ
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Which word equation shows Hydrogen reacting with oxygen to form water
Answer:
H + 02 = H2O
Explanation:
Two persons are not equally strong. One is weaker than another. They are going to carry a wooden coat poole Suggest them the w a way to cargy. a wooden pole. In such a way stronger person needs to apple-apply more effort and the weakes person need to apply less force. Explain with scientific reason.
Answer:
The two men can arrange a position such as the center of gravity must be nearer the stronger man and the weaker man must be away from the center of gravity of the wooden pole.
In plain language, the stronger man must be near the center while the weaker man must be away from the center of the wooden pole.
Explanation:
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my teacher wrote this answer thats why I wrote the answer
How much energy is required to heat 36. 0 g h2o from a liquid at 65°c to a gas at 115°c? the following physical data may be useful.
The required energy will be "87752 J".
What is energy?The definition of energy is "ability to do work," which is the capacity to apply a force that causes an item to move.
Mechanical, heat, chemical, electrical, radiant, nuclear, and sound are the seven types of energy.
The energy will be:
Q1 = 36 × 3.18(100-65)
Q1 = 5267 J
Moles of water = [tex]\frac{36.0}{18}[/tex]
Moles of water = 2
then,
Q2 = 2× 40.7
Q2 = 81.4 KJ
Q2 = 81400 J
Q3 = 36.0 × 2.01(115-100)
Q3 = 1085 J
hence,
Required energy will be= Q1+ Q2+ Q3
Required energy = 5267 + 81400 + 1085
Required energy = 87752 J
hence, 87752 J energy is required to heat 36. 0 g h2o from a liquid at 65°c to gas at 115°c.
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What is the color of bromcresol green indicator in a solution with a ph value of 2. 0?.
Answer:
yellow
Explanation:
Perform the following calculations and report each answer with the correct number of significant figures.
62.1 x 37
Answer:
19-73 19-73 70-65-46 71-76-63 25-46-79
How many grams of methane,
CH4, are produced from the
complete reaction of 5.15 moles
of carbon monoxide, CO?
CO+ 3H₂ → H₂O + CH4
[? ] g CH4
Answer:
82.606g
Explanation:
[tex]5.15mol CO* \frac{1 mol CO}{1 mol CH4} *\frac{16.04 g CH4}{1 mol CH4} =82.606g CH4[/tex]
What is the electron configuration for helium (He)?
O 1s¹
O 1s²
O 1s²2s¹
O 1s²2s²
How are a mole and a dozen similar?
Mole and dozen are similar to each other because of the presence of number 12 in both measurements.
How are a mole and a dozen similar?The sample of 12 grams of carbon is equal to its one mole and we know that in one dozen, there are 12 numbers. Therefore, we considered mole similar to a dozen.
So we can conclude that Mole and dozen are similar to each other because of the presence of number 12 in both measurements.
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What is the volume in L of a 0.825 mole sample of Ar at 600 mm Hg and 300 K? Report your answer to the nearest tenth of a L. (Moodle is looking for a number only, no units.)
The volume is 2.608L
Given the value of n is 0.825 mole , pressure is 600mm = 0.789bar and Temperature = 300K
We need to calculate the volume in L
As we know the values of number of moles , pressure and Temperature is given
So , to calculate the volume we will use the ideal gas law
The equation of state for a fictitious perfect gas is known as the ideal gas law, sometimes known as the generic gas equation. Although it has several restrictions, it is a decent approximation of the behavior of numerous gases under various circumstances.
Ideal gas law formula
PV = nRT
0.789*V = 0.825*8.3143*300
V = 0.825*8.314*300/0.789
V = 2.608*10^3
V = 2.608 L
Hence the Volume is 2.608 L
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Does this equation show that transmutation has taken place during decay? why or why not?
61/28 ni=61/28 ni + y
a. yes, because the numbers of nucleons and atoms are conserved
b. no, because high-energy electromagnetic waves are emitted
c. no, because there is conservation of the number of atoms as well as the number of nucleons
d. yes, because nickel atoms remain nickel atoms with the same number of neutrons
The equation is not a transmutation because there is conservation of the number of atoms as well as the number of nucleons; option C.
What is transmutation?Transmutation refers to the artificial synthesis of new elements by a nuclear reaction of the original element and nuclear particles.
In transmutation, a new element is formed and the atomic number changes.
Based on the above, it can be concluded that the given equation is not a transmutation because there is no change in atomic and nucleon number.
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the ability to roll your tongue allele T is dominant to the allele t inability to roll your tongue. if mother is a homozygous tongue roller TT and father tt can't roll his tongue. what possible offspring will they have?
Answer:
homozygote
Explanation:
Because tongue-rolling is recessive, the only way a person would be unable to roll his/her tongue would be if s/he were homozygous mutant.
Balance the equation in the space below for the reaction of ammonia and oxygen, using the smallest whole number coefficients
NH₂(g) + O₂(g) → N₂(g) + H₂O(g) + energy
The balanced equation of the reaction is:
2 NH₂(g) + O₂(g) → N₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g) + energy What is a balanced equation of a reaction?A balanced equation is an equation of a reaction in which the moles of atoms of elements in the reaction are equal on both sides of the equation.
The given equation can be balanced as follows:
2 NH₂(g) + O₂(g) → N₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g) + energy
Therefore, the balanced equation of the reaction is the one in which the moles atoms of reacting elements are equal.
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If 1.32 g MgO is combined with 100.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl in a coffee cup calorimeter, the temperature of the HCl solution increases from 24.2 °C to 34.4 °C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction per mole of MgO. Assume that the specific heat of the HCl solution is 4.18 J/g·°C and its density is 1.00 g/mL.
MgO(s) + 2HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2O (l)
The change in enthalpy for the reaction per mole is -130KJ/mol.
Given,
Reaction: MgO(s) + 2HCl (aq) →MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l)
1.32 g MgO is combined with 100.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl in the cup of coffee.
Change in temperature, ΔT=34.4 °C-24.2 °C =10.2°C
Specific heat of the HCl solution, c= 4.18 J/g·°C
Density= 1.00 g/mL
Mass can be written as the product of density and volume.
Mass= Density × Volume= 1g/ml × 100 ml=100g
Heat can be written as
Heat, Q=mcΔT=100g×4.18 J/g·°C×10.2°C=4263.6J
Number of moles of the MgO,
n= (mass of MgO)/(Molar mass)= 1.32g/(40.3g/mol)= 0.03275 mol
Change in Enthalpy, ΔH=-Q/(n)=(-4263.6J)/(0.03275 mol)
ΔH= -1300186J/mol= -130KJ/mol
Hence, the change in enthalpy for the reaction per mole is -130KJ/mol.
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DESPERATE NEED OF HELP
Answer:
the answer will be false.
Explanation:
because it is not balanced.
What is the molar concentration of
a solution with a volume of 1.5 L
containing 660 g Ca3(PO4)2?
Answer:
1.42 M
Explanation:
First calculate the amount of moles.
that's done by dividing the mass with the molecular mass so 660g / 310.18 g/mol = 2.13 mol
Then you can calculate the molarity by dividing the moles with the volume so 2.13 mol / 1.5 l = 1.42 M
(without rounding: 1.418531175 M)
Answer:
1.42 M
Explanation:
Acellus
A sample of carbon dioxide gas occupies a volume of 250 mL at 25c what volume will it occupy at 95c
Considering the Charles's law, the sample of carbon dioxide gas will occupy 308.72 mL.
Charles's lawCharles's law establishes the relationship between the temperature and the volume of a gas when the pressure is constant. This law says that the volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas: for a given sum of gas at constant pressure, as the temperature increases, the volume of the gas increases and as the temperature decreases, the volume of the gas decreases.
Mathematically, Charles's law states that the ratio between volume and temperature will always have the same value:
[tex]\frac{V}{T} =k[/tex]
Considering an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
[tex]\frac{V1}{T1} =\frac{V2}{T2}[/tex]
Final volume in this caseIn this case, you know:
V1= 250 mLT1= 25 C= 298 K (being 0 C=273 K)V2= ?T2= 95 C= 368 KReplacing in Charles's law:
[tex]\frac{250 mL}{298 K} =\frac{V2}{368 K}[/tex]
Solving:
[tex]V2=368 K\frac{250 mL}{298 K}[/tex]
V2= 308.72 mL
Finally, the sample of carbon dioxide gas will occupy 308.72 mL.
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Answer:
310mL
Explanation:
A sample of carbon dioxide gas occupies a volume of 250 mL at 25°C. What volume will it occupy at 95°C?
Use the formula:
V1
T1
=
V2
T2
Temperature conversion: __°C + 273 K
if the same amount of heat is added to 50.0 g samples of each of the metals, which are all at the same temperature, which metal will reach the highest temperature?
The metal which will reach the highest temperature is the metal with the lowest specific heat capacity.
What is the amount of heat added to each metal?The amount of heat Q = mcΔT where
m = mass of metalc = specific heat capacity of mateal and ΔT = temperature changeTemperature change of the metalMaking ΔT subject of the formula, we have
ΔT = Q/mc
Given that Q and m are the same for each metal,
ΔT ∝ 1/c
We see that the temperature change is inversely proportional to the specific heat capacity.
Since the metals are at the same temperature, the metal which will reach the highest temperature is the metal with the lowest specific heat capacity.
So, the metal which will reach the highest temperature is the metal with the lowest specific heat capacity.
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There are 6.02 x 10^23 formula units Na2O in a sample. How many grams of Na2O is this? The molar mass of Na2O is about 62 g/mol.
Answer:
= 62g
Explanation:
We have been asked to find the mass of Na2O having 6.02 x 10^23 units.
We know that one mole of a substance contains 6.02 x10^23 units/particles.
That means we have one mole of Na2O.
To find the mass of Na2O we use the formula,
mass = number of moles x formula mass
= 1 mole x 62g/mol
= 62g
Therefore the mass of Na2O with 6.02 x 10^23 units is 62g.
Which formula represents the compound commonly known as phosphine with iupac name phosphorus trihydride? ph ph2 ph3 ph4
C. PH3 represents a compound commonly known as phosphine, whose IUPAC name is phosphorus trihydride.
What type of bond is PH3?The electronegativity of PH3 found in the Periodic Table of the Period attracts covalent electron pairs and creates covalent bonds. However, because the electrons are not bound, asymmetrical rate distribution occurs. Therefore, PH3 is a polar molecule with a non-polar covalent bond and currently has no polar bond.
What defines a covalent bond?A covalent bond consists of sharing one or more electron pairs between two atoms. These electrons are attracted to two nuclei at the same time. Covalent bonds are formed when the difference in electronegativity between two atoms is too small for electron transfer to form ions.
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Answer:
C.) ph3
Explanation:
what happens when you mix an element into a solution with lesser reaction?
When an element is placed into a solution with lesser reaction, the reaction rate will be slow.
What is rate of a reaction?The rate of a reaction is the rate which reactants molecules are converted or the products molecules are formed.
The rate of a reaction increases with increase in concentration of the reactants and decreases with decrease in concentration.
Therefore, when an element such as a metal is placed in solution of low concentration such as very dilute acid, the reaction rate will be slow.
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