Two protein kinases, PK1 and PK2, work sequentially in an intracellular signaling pathway.You create cells that contain inactivating mutations in the genes that encode either PK1 or PK2 and find that these cells no longer respond to a particular extracellular signal.You also create cells containing a version of PK1 that is permanently active and find that the cells behave as though they are receiving the signal even when the signal is not present.When you introduce the permanently active version of PK1 into cells that have an inactivating mutation in PK2, you find that these cells also behave as though they are receiving the signal even when no signal is present.
A.From these results, does PK1 activate PK2, or does PK2 activate PK1? Explain your answer.
B.You now create a permanently active version of PK2 and find that cells containing this version behave as though they are receiving the signal even when the signal is not present.What do you predict will happen if you introduce the permanently active version of PK2 into cells that have an inactivating mutation in PK1?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

a. PK2 activates PK1

b. no response would be produced

Explanation:

Kinases are enzymes known to phosphorylate different substrates, thereby activating/inactivating them. In this case, a mutation that produces a constitutively (permanently) active PK1 kinase is itself able to continue the signaling pathway, independently of whether or not PK2 is present. This constitutive mutation shows that PK1 is recruited to continue signaling events within the cell and, therefore, PK1 activation is downstream in the signaling pathway. Conversely, cells containing active PK2 and inactive PK1 would be unable to continue the signaling pathway since PK2 activation is upstream of the induction of PK1, and thereby these cells cannot respond to the signal (PK2 activation).


Related Questions

We have two kinds of rats, dark brown and light brown rats in a population. In sea shore, which kind of rats, will have higher survival rate, taking into consideration, natural selection?

a.
Neither of them

b.
Dark brown rats

c.
Light brown rats,

d.
Both of them

Answers

Answer:

a option neither of them

Many plants produce seeds which have small hooks on them. These hooks will attach to animals as they move past the plants. What process do these hooks help the plant with?
A. pollination
B. fertilization
C. germination
D. seed dispersal

Answers

D. seed dispersal

The hooks allow the seed to attach themselves to animals that travel long distances which helps the seeds to be dispersed farther.

B) median is greater than mean

Answers

Answer:

Yes, correct.

Explanation:

can omega 3 be artificially produced?

Answers

Your Answer:

Hello there My name is Tobie and I would be more than glad to help!After a thorough examination Your answer should be No Omega 3 or  (omega-3 fats and n-3 fats) Cannot be artificially produced.

Here's why.

The reason Omega 3 cannot be created  is because These are essential fats.The body can make Omega 3 but it cannot be made from scratch again also because they are essential fats .Ways the body can create Omega 3 is by eating foods that already contain Omega 3.Here are some foods that contain Omega 3 !

Fish, vegetable oils, nuts, flax seeds, flaxseed oil, and leafy vegetables.

FAQS

Do avocados have Omega 3?

Avocados contain vitamins C E K and B6 some other nutrients as well to they also contain omega-3 fatty acids. But most of the calories in a avocado come from fat.

Why Omega 3 is bad for you?

Yes this plays a significant role in our diet by helping us improve our cardiovascular health having but  too much of it can lead to having  high blood sugar and a increased risk of bleeding.

Hope this helps!

                                                                                     -Tobie the dog <3

what type of cell can develop into different types of blood cells in the body

Answers

Answer:

The multipotent hematopoietic stem cells give rise to many different cell types, including the cells of the immune system and red blood cells.

Explanation:

Name the two hormones secreted by the thymus. ​

Answers

Answer:

The thymus gland produces several hormones including: Thymopoietin and thymulin: Hormones that assist in the process where T cells differentiate into different types. Thymosin: Accentuates the immune response as well as stimulating pituitary hormones such as growth hormone.

hope this answer helps you.....

What is the general relationship between distance from the sun and a planets density?

Answers

Answer:

There is no connection between a planet's distance from the Sun and its rate of rotation (spin on its own axis or Planetary Rotation Period). While it is true that, generally speaking, the gas giants have higher rotation rates than the earth like planets closer to the Sun, any correlation is only coincidental.

Explanation:

sum it up

Give an example of a physical change involving iron and a chemical change involving iron

Answers

Answer:

For example, toxicity, reactivity, combustion etc are all chemical changes. When iron rusts then an oxide layer of orange-brown color deposits on its surface due to chemical combination of air and moisture with iron. This is a chemical change.

Explanation:

Hope it helps

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Answer:

As the rust forms on the surface of the iron, it flakes off to expose more iron, which will continue to rust. Rust is clearly a substance that is different from iron. Rusting is an example of a chemical change. A chemical property describes the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change.

Explanation:

How do native plants respond after a degraded marsh has been restored to a healthy marsh?

Answers

Answer: slate

Explanation:

A population of tree frogs living in the Amazon rainforest have two skin color phenotypes controlled by the same gene. Hozygous dominant and heterozygous individuals have green skin while hozygous recessive individuals have blue skin. In the first generation, analysis of the alleles for this gene shows that 70 alleles of this gene are green, and 130 alleles of this gene are blue in the population. In the second generation, 90 alleles are green and 110 alleles are blue. Finally, in the third generation, 120 alleles are green and only 80 are blue. Based on this data, which description best describes this population of tree frogs?(1 point)

A) The green skin color is being selected over blue skin color.

B) The frogs are randomly mating with each other.

C) The population size of frogs is very large.

D) There are no individuals migrating into or out of the population.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation: You can see that the green colored frogs  were once lower than the blue and as time started progressing the green started getting a higher population over the blue, as the blue decreased.

For the frogs, the green skin color is being selected over blue skin color. This leads to the abundance of the skin color in the third generation.

What is natural selection?

Natural selection refers to a situation in which traits that enable organisms to better survive and adapt in their habitat tend to persist whiole other traits gradually disappear.

In this case, we  can say that the green skin color is being selected over blue skin color.

Learn more about natural selection: https://brainly.com/question/3393755?

- Who is more likely to become extinct, especially when the conditions in the environment change?



generalists
specialists
Carnivores
producers​

Answers

Specialists are most likely to become extinct with major environmental changes because their niche is smaller and they cannot adapt easily.

A group of researchers are studying stem length inheritance in the garden pea plant (Pisum sativum). They obtain a tall pea plant of unknown ancestry, allow it to self-pollinate, and collect 80 of its seeds. After planting the seeds, they observe the growth of 61 tall plants and 19 dwarf plants. Which of the following best explains the stem lengths seen in the offspring?
A. Stem length is inherited through incomplete dominance.
B. Dwarf stem length is a recessive trait.
C. Stem length is a sex-linked trait.
D. The tall plants likely received more nutrition than the dwarf plants.

Answers

Answer:

The answer is B

Explanation:

just cause lol

The study of a living being is called biology.

The correct answer is B.

The characters in the plant are controlled by the genes which are present on the chromosome. The genes are always present in pairs and a single gene is known as an allele. The alleles are as follows:-

DominantRecessive.

According to the question, most of the offspring are tall in height due to the dominant allele while the number of the dwarf plant is less as this character is shown by the recessive genes.

The dominant plant suppresses the character of a recessive gene and hence the number of the dominant plant is always more.

Hence, the correct answer is B. Dwarf stem length is a recessive trait.

For more information, refer to the link:-

https://brainly.com/question/14698383

what is depolarisation​

Answers

Answer:

Depolarisation refers to a sudden change in membrane

potential – usually from a (relatively) negative to positive

internal charge. In response to a signal initiated at a

dendrite, sodium channels open within the membrane of

the axon.

What is the final product of transcription?
A gene
An amino acid
An mRNA molecule
A stop code

here is the paragraph to read from:

Transcription is the process by which an RNA copy of a gene sequence is created. This copy, known as the mRNA, travels from the cell nucleus to
the cytoplasm. There, it directs the synthesis of the protein. The base code in the mRNA controls the order of the amino acids in the protein.
There are 20 amino acids used to make proteins and different codes for each acid. The tRNA reads the code. Then it brings a specific amino acid to
attach to the growing chain of amino acids. Each tRNA carries only one type of amino acid. It only recognizes one specific code. tRNA is released
from the amino acid until it comes to a stop code. Then the protein is set free from the ribosome.​

Answers

Answer:

An mRNA molecule

Explanation:

Transcription is a process by which the information stored in a specific fragment of DNA called 'gene' is used to produce a complementary RNA molecule, usually a messenger RNA (mRNA). Subsequently, this mRNA is used as template to produce a polypeptide chain (i.e., a sequentially ordered amino acid chain) through the process of translation. A stop codon, also known as termination codon, is a triplet of nucleotide bases within an mRNA that signals the end of the protein when it is synthesized in the ribosome. There are three stop codons (UAG, UAA, and UGA) that are capable of stopping protein synthesis.

1.3. Why is it important to prioritise your life goals?​

Answers

Answer:

Establishing priorities is necessary in order to complete everything that needs to be done. Prioritization is important because it with allow you to give your attention to tasks that are important and urgent so that you can later focus on lower priority tasks.

Explanation:

Because if you don’t you will be a slob and not know what to do with your life. It is important because it helps you achieve your dreams and not to give up on them

Which statement best descrſoes photosynthesis?
a. when plants produce their own water
b. when plants produce their own sugar
C. when plants produce oxygen and carbon dioxide
d. when plants self-pollinate

Answers

Answer:

b. when plants produce their own sugar

Explanation:

Let's look at the products of photosynthesis! During the process of photosynthesis plants break apart the reactants of carbon dioxide and water and recombine them to produce oxygen (O2) and a form of sugar called glucose (C6H12O6).

Glucose provides plants with needed food through a process called photosynthesis. This process helps plants convert the energy they take in from sunlight into sugar to nourish the plant. Photosynthesis occurs when carbon dioxide, water and sunlight are combined. Plants use these to form glucose and oxygen.

Hope this helps!

B. When plants produce their own sugar

How can alleles show incomplete dominance?

Answers

Answer:

a gene, does not completely mask the effects of a recessive allele, and the organism's resulting physical appearance shows a blending of both alleles. It is also called semi-dominance or partial dominance.

Explanation:

what's assembled during the second step of protein synthesis

Answers

Answer: Translation is the second step in protein synthesis. It is shown in Figure below. Translation takes place at a ribosome in the cytoplasm. During translation, the genetic code in mRNA is read to make a protein. In the first step, called transcription, the genetic code in DNA is copied by RNA. In the second step, called translation, the genetic code in RNA is read to make a protein. A mutation is a change in the base sequence of DNA or RNA.

Explanation:

The diagram below illustrates substances crossing the selectively permeable membrane of different cells. Each example, A-F, shows not only different substances, but also different concentrations. Take note of the concentration inside the cell compared to the concentration outside of the cell and the direction of movement of the substance.

Figure 3-1

Diagram A in Figure 3-1 is an example of ____.
a.
diffusion
c.
osmosis
b.
active transport
d.
equilibrium


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
B
C
D

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

the selectively permeable membrane should be plasma membrane.

and it states it follow concentration gradient

so i think it is A

osmosis is for water

I hope i helped you.

Floods, droughts, fires, and earthquakes are examples of

Answers

Answer:

the answer is natural disasters

Answer:

Natural disasters

Explanation:

hope this helps

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach provides an acidic medium that is essential for the activity of
digestive enzymes.
O True
O False

Answers

True! This acid helps break down difficult fats and grease!

Which of the following statements best describes a decomposer?

A. they are abiotic and they only eat producers they are biotic
B. they consume other biotic things for energy
C. they are biotic and they break down dead material
D. they are abiotic and they eat both plants and animals

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

The statement that best describes a decomposer is that they are biotic and they break down dead material; this is option C. They break down dead organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances that can be used by other living organisms.

What are decomposers?

Decomposers are an important part of the food chain because they break down dead organic matter into simpler substances that can be reused by other living organisms. When plants and animals die, their bodies are broken down by decomposers into nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which are released back into the soil or water. These nutrients are then taken up by other living organisms, such as plants, which use them to grow and produce their own energy.

Hence, The statement that best describes a decomposer is  that they are biotic and they break down dead material that is the option C 

learn more about the Decomposers here

https://brainly.com/question/14790863

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Which of these statements best describes a niche in an ecosystem?

the role of a species in its community

the role of a species in its population

the way a species uses the resources in its habitat

the way a species interacts with other species in its habitat

Answers

Answer: The role of a species in its community.

Explanation: Niche, in ecology, all of the interactions of a species with the other members of its community, including competition, predation, parasitism, and mutualism.

why do you think scientist don't use actual humans to do experiments with?​

Answers

Answer:

take the average person you meet

Explanation:

Using human tissue in medical research throws up several different challenges. In our third 2012 NC3Rs 3Rs Prize post, Professor Gareth Sanger from Queen Mary, University of London, discusses how tissue removed from the stomach and intestine can actually help overcome some of these challenges.

Plants are able to engage in photosynthesis because they produce a chemical that can absorb sunlight to synthesize glucose. What is this chemical?

1. Oxygen
2. Chlorophyll
3. Carbon Dioxide
4. Water

Answers

chlorophyll but its pigment i guess

PLEASE HELP ME I NEED CORRECT ANSWERS ON THIS ILL MARK BRAINILYESS

In snapdragon flowers, the allele for flower color shows incomplete
dominance. Flowers can be red (RR), white (WW), or pink (RW).

4. Two pink flowers are crossed, how many offspring are:
Red?
White?
Pink?

5. A red flower is crossed with a pink flower, how many offspring are:
Red?
White?
Pink?

Answers

Answer:

blanco

rojos

Explanation:

Why are proteins considered organic molecules?
O A. They are not used by living things.
O B. They are very small.
O C. They contain many nitrogen atoms.
O D. They contain many carbon atoms.

Answers

D. They contain many carbon atoms
D. That is the answer good luck.

Inactivation of a cell-surface receptor depends on: the activity of phosphatases in the cytosol. the release of the ligand from the receptor ligand binding site. the concentration of ligand surrounding the cell. the binding affinity of the receptor.

Answers

Answer:

the release of the ligand from the receptor ligand binding site.

Explanation:

A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature.

A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.

Inactivation of a cell-surface receptor depends on the release of the ligand from the receptor ligand binding site. This ultimately implies that, the concentration of ligand surrounding a cell, as well as the binding affinity of the receptor significantly affects the inactivation of a cell-surface receptor such as receptor kinase.

The inactivation of a cell-surface receptor depends on solely the concentration of ligand surrounding the cell.

A ligand which has the ability to bind to and alter the function of the receptor that triggers a response is called a receptor agonist. On the other end, ligands that bind to a receptor but fail to activate the response are receptor antagonists.

Ligand cell

ligand is any molecule or atom that irreversibly binds to a receiving protein molecule, otherwise known as a receptor. When a ligand binds to its respective receptor, the shape and/or activity of the ligand is altered to initiate several different types of cellular responses.

Futthermore, molecules such as hormones and drugs that bind to a receptor are called ligands. The binding can be specific and reversible.

A ligand may activate or inactivate a receptor; activation may increase or decrease a particular cell function

Learn more about ligands:

https://brainly.com/question/24657736

An unknown organism is found in the forest and the gene is sequenced as follows:

Unknown: C C A T G G A A T C G A

What kind of an animal do you think this is? Explain why:

Answers

Answer:

I beleive its somthing close to a  pig

Explanation:

The DNA sequence is closest to the pig . The amino acids Gly, Thr, Leu, and Ala are from the "unknown animal." On the worksheet, the pigs amino acids are Gly, Thr, Phe, and Ala. There is only one different amino acid between the two.

I might be wrong but there u go

Explain the motion and kinetic energy of the water molecules in this state of
water.

Answers

Answer:

In liquid water, hydrogen bonds are constantly formed and broken as the water molecules slide past each other. The breaking of these bonds is caused by the motion (kinetic energy) of the water molecules due to the heat contained in the system.

Explanation:

This should help

Other Questions
Suppose Jill Johnson operates her pizza restaurant in a building she owns in the center of the city. Similar buildings in the neighborhood rent for $4,000 per month. Jill is considering selling her building and renting space in the suburbs for $3,000 per month. Jill decides not to make the move. She reasons, "I would like to have a restaurant in the suburbs, but I pay no rent for my restaurant now, and I don't want to see my costs rise by $3,000 per month." What do you think of Jill's reasoning?Suppose Jill Johnson operates her pizza restaurant in a building she owns in the center of the city. Similar buildings in the neighborhood rent for $4,000 per month. Jill is considering selling her building and renting space in the suburbs for $3,000 per month. Jill decides not to make the move. She reasons, "I would like to have a restaurant in the suburbs, but I pay no rent for my restaurant now, and I don't want to see my costs rise by $3,000 per month." What do you think of Jill's reasoning? Selling at a live weight basis means selling price is per pound of live animal.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 2Question 2The meat grades are given to animal carcasses just like students at school.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 3Question 3Beef quality grade has to do with it's palatability (tenderness, juiciness, flavor).Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 4Question 4Marbling of meat is the amount of intramuscular fat.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 5Question 5Yield grade how to do with the amount of meat taken off the carcass (a formula is used).Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 6Question 6The first form on packaging meat used ziplock bags.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 7Question 7Packaging is used as a marketing tactic.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 8Question 8Example of animal by-products are perfumes, candles, lanolin and glycerin.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 9Question 9Some animal by-products are edible products.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 10Question 101Animal skins and hides are the most valuable animal by-products.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 11Question 11Medicines are made from only plants.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 12Question 12Rennet (from the stomach of cattle) is used to make cheese.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 13Question 13Foodborne outbreaks affect the prices of meats.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 14Question 141 ptsThe livestock industry is proactive.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 15Question 15There are only a few job in the livestock industry.Group of answer choicesTrueFalseFlag question: Question 16Question 16The livestock industry will continue to change.Group of answer choicesTrueFalse If you were being asked to give up something important to you what would convince you to do it? Check all that apply. are eukaryotes made of cells? I REALLY NEED HELP ITS DUE TODAY TY IN ADVANCE The height of a ball dropped from the top of a building 512 feet high is given by h(t) = -16t2 + 512, where t is in seconds and h is in feet. a) When will the ball reach the ground? Approximate your answer to two decimal places. (Hint: The height is O when it hits the ground.) b) Why can t only be a positive value? Explain in a complete sentence. What occurs when a pure gaseous substance is heated?Please answer fast! Help please its due tomorrow Can anybody please help me out PLSS HELP!!!! State the dimensions of each matrix (number 3 and 4) Find the area of the figure. Rcrivez les phrases pour intgrer les lments donns entre parenthses. N'oubliez pas d'utiliser une prposition si ncessaire,Modle:. Nous leur avons demand des billets. (nqus acheter) Nous leur avons demand de nous acheter des billets,Je fais la queue avant le spectacle, (dtester) I do not understand, help is appreciated PLEASE HELP I WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!! :) Brian had 738 baseball cards. He gave away 193 of them. How many does hehave left? What are the forms of plagiarism Two examples of metaphors in killings mackingbird find each angle or arc measure A 1.0-kg block of aluminum is at a temperature of 50C. How much thermal energy will it lose when its temperature is reduced by half? The specific heat of aluminum is 897 J/(kg K). The speed of a boat in still water is 10 km/hr. The boat travels 24 km upstream, turnsaround and comes back the same route. The entire trip takes 5 hours, What is thespeed of the current? Aight so like please help me before I fail this test please! TwT