True/False questions with EXPLAINATION
a) In AD-AS model , if the government reduces tax on households income , the price and total output will both increase in long run
b) In Keynesian cross model , if total output is on the right of the crossing point of AE and 45 ° line , it implies an equilibrium in goods market
c) If domestic currency is appreciated in value , the Central Bank should sell foreign currency in the fixed exchange rate system .
d) In AD-AS model , the improvement in technology will shift both ASSR and AD curves to the left

Answers

Answer 1

False. In the AD-AS (Aggregate Demand-Aggregate Supply) model, if the government reduces tax on households' income, the impact on price and total output in the long run is not as straightforward as the statement suggests.

Does reducing tax on households' income in the AD-AS model lead to price and total output increase in the long run?

In the AD-AS model, reducing taxes on households' income can have both short-term and long-term effects. In the short run, the reduction in taxes increases households' disposable income, leading to higher consumption and a shift in the aggregate demand (AD) curve to the right. This increase in demand may temporarily raise prices and output.

However, in the long run, the AD-AS model incorporates the concept of potential output or potential GDP which represents the maximum sustainable level of production in the economy. The long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve is vertical at the potential output level.

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Related Questions

A company is planning to pay EUR 1 million in dividend to its common shareholders this year. Enclosed the following earnings and market price information for the company:
Net income 1 500 000 Number of shares 200 000 Expected market price per share after the dividend payment: 17 The company is considering 2 options: Option 1 - repurchase share at a price of EUR 17 Evaluate the company’s share price after the repurchase by calculating the EPS and estimated share price. Option 2 - announce a 5 for 1 share split for its shareholders Assuming that the company chose option 2, how many shares outstanding would the company have and what would be its EPS after the split?

Answers

The estimated share price after the repurchase is EUR 2,399,999.99. The EPS after the split is EUR 1.50.

Option 1 - Repurchase shares at a price of EUR 17:

To evaluate the company's share price after the repurchase, we need to calculate the earnings per share (EPS) and estimate the share price.

EPS = Net Income / Number of Shares

= EUR 1,500,000 / 200,000

= EUR 7.50

The EPS is EUR 7.50.

To estimate the share price after the repurchase, we need to consider the impact of the repurchase on the number of shares outstanding. Since the company is repurchasing shares at a price of EUR 17, the total amount spent on repurchasing shares can be calculated as:

Total Amount Spent on Repurchase = EUR 1,000,000 / EUR 17

= 58,823.53 shares

After the repurchase, the number of shares outstanding would be reduced by 58,823.53 shares. Therefore, the estimated share price after the repurchase can be calculated as:

Estimated Share Price = Total Market Value / Number of Shares

= (Number of Shares - Shares Repurchased) * Current Market Price

= (200,000 - 58,823.53) * EUR 17

= 141,176.47 * EUR 17

= EUR 2,399,999.99

The estimated share price after the repurchase is EUR 2,399,999.99.

Option 2 - Announce a 5 for 1 share split:

Assuming the company chooses option 2 and announces a 5 for 1 share split, the number of shares outstanding would increase. Since the current number of shares is 200,000, the new number of shares outstanding after the split would be:

New Number of Shares Outstanding = Number of Shares * Split Ratio

= 200,000 * 5

= 1,000,000 shares

After the split, the company would have 1,000,000 shares outstanding.

To calculate the EPS after the split, we divide the net income by the new number of shares outstanding:

EPS = Net Income / Number of Shares

= EUR 1,500,000 / 1,000,000

= EUR 1.50

The EPS after the split is EUR 1.50.

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Which personal financial statements identify an individual's different sources of income? I. Personal Balance Sheet II. Cash Flow Statement III. Budget IV. Net Worth Statement A. I and IV, only B. II and III, only C. I and II, only D. III and IV, only

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The personal financial statements that identify an individual's different sources of income are the Cash Flow Statement and the Budget.

I. Personal Balance Sheet: The personal balance sheet provides information about an individual's assets, liabilities, and net worth. While it provides a snapshot of an individual's financial position, it does not explicitly identify the different sources of income.

II. Cash Flow Statement: The cash flow statement tracks the inflows and outflows of cash over a specific period. It categorizes the cash flows into different sections, including income sources such as salary, investments, rental income, and any other sources of cash inflows.

III. Budget: A budget is a financial plan that outlines an individual's expected income and expenses over a specific period. It helps individuals allocate their income to different categories such as wages, dividends, interest, rental income, and other sources of income.

IV. Net Worth Statement: The net worth statement, similar to the personal balance sheet, provides an overview of an individual's assets, liabilities, and net worth. However, it does not specifically identify the different sources of income.Therefore, the correct answer is C. I and II, only.

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The personal financial statements that identify an individual's different sources of income are the Cash Flow Statement and the Net Worth Statement. Therefore, the correct option is D. III and IV, only.A Cash Flow Statement provides details about an individual's inflow and outflow of cash over a specific period. It lists all the sources of income of an individual, including salary, rent, interest, and other miscellaneous income. Additionally, it provides information on the individual's spending patterns.A Net Worth Statement, on the other hand, shows an individual's total assets minus their total liabilities. The assets section will include all of the individual's income-generating properties, such as rental property, investments, and businesses. Therefore, both statements show the individual's different sources of income, making option D the correct answer.

1. 40,000 increase in assets and 40,000 increase in liabilities under both accrual and cash basis. Miller Corp. bought a one-year insurance on July 1, 2021 which took effect on the same day. The total cost of the insurance was $7,200 and was paid with cash in full. The total cost was debited to Prepaid Insurance. Assuming Miller Corp. records adjusting journal entries annually, what adjustment is needed at the fiscal year end, December 31, 2021? Question 4 options: a) Debit Insurance Expense $600 and credit Prepaid Insurance $600. b) Debit Prepaid Insurance $600 and credit Insurance Expense $600. c) Debit Insurance Expense $3,600 and credit Prepaid Insurance $3,600. d) Debit Accrued Expense $7,200 and credit Prepaid Insurance $7,200. e) Debit Prepaid Insurance $3,600 and credit Insurance Expense $3,600.

Answers

The total cost was debited to Prepaid Insurance. The adjustment needed at the fiscal year-end, December 31, 2021, will be Debit Prepaid Insurance $600 and credit Insurance Expense $600. The correct option is b).

Adjusting entries are accounting entries that are made at the end of a fiscal period to align revenue and expense accounts with actual quantities and comply with the revenue recognition and matching principles. Prepaid Insurance is an asset account that represents the cost of an insurance policy that has not yet expired.

Insurance Expense is an expenditure account that represents the cost of insurance coverage that has been used up or expired. To match the insurance cost to the insurance period,

Miller Corp will make an adjusting entry as follows: Debit Insurance Expense $600 and credit Prepaid Insurance $600. This adjusting entry reflects the amount of the insurance premium that has expired or been used up by the end of the fiscal year.

As a result, the prepaid insurance balance will be $6,600 ($7,200 - $600), and the insurance expense for the year will be $600. Therefore the correct option is b.

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Freedom of establishment and freedom to provide and receive services John owns a specialist fishers shop in Madrid, Spain. It has been successful for a few years, and he has identified premises in Portugal where he can expand his business, Unfamiliar with Portuguese food standards regulations, he contacts the (fictitious) Portuguese Fishery Association (PFA) who offer free advice on all such matters. However, he is dismayed to receive notification from the PFA that as he is not a Portuguese national, he is not able to obtain the free advice offered. Advise John on his rights under EU law in relation to all aspects of this scenario.

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Portugal cannot deny John the opportunity to access the free advice offered by the Portuguese Fishery Association on the grounds of his nationality.

John owns a specialist fisher shop in Madrid, Spain and has identified premises in Portugal to expand his business. Unfamiliar with Portuguese food standards regulations, he contacts the (fictitious) Portuguese Fishery Association (PFA) who offer free advice on all such matters.

However, he is dismayed to receive notification from the PFA that as he is not a Portuguese national, he is not able to obtain the free advice offered. In this context, John has rights under EU law.

These rights are as follows:

Freedom of establishment - Article 49 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) prohibits the restriction of the freedom of establishment of nationals of a Member State in the territory of another Member State. It states that restrictions on the freedom of establishment of nationals of a Member State in the territory of another Member State shall be prohibited. As per the EU law, Portugal cannot restrict the freedom of establishment of John.

Freedom to provide and receive services - Article 56 of TFEU prohibits restrictions on the freedom to provide and receive services within the EU. Portugal cannot restrict the provision of services by John because of his nationality.

John, as a national of a Member State of the European Union, has the right to freely establish and operate a business in another EU country. Therefore, Portugal cannot deny him the opportunity to access the free advice offered by the Portuguese Fishery Association on the grounds of his nationality.

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Kylie purchased an annuity for $60,000. This annuity will pay her $600 per month for 15 years. Kylie started to receive payments in October of 2021, so she received 3 monthly payments of $600 each in 2021. How much of this $1,800 must she include in her gross income for 2021? O $1,800 $1,200 O $800 O $1,000 O $600

Answers

An annuity is a contract that offers regular payments of a fixed amount of money for a particular period, normally for the lifetime of the individual who purchases it or for a fixed number of years.

The amount that Kylie must include in her gross income for 2021 is $600. When calculating income, all amounts received by an individual during the year are considered, regardless of when they were earned.

The $1,800 she received in 2021 will be included in her income for that year. Because she started receiving payments in October 2021, she received three payments of $600 each in 2021.Hence, the amount that Kylie must include in her gross income for 2021 is $600.

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Banyak Untung Sdn. Bhd. is planning next year's production. Its budgeted expenses would be RM5 million. The company purchased RM1 million worth of inventory on June 1st by credit. The company will pay the amount at the end of the credit period 2/10 net 40. The company decided to sell the finished goods on September 1st and its credit policy is 5/10 net 30. The customer normally pays on discount basis. (Assume 30 days a month) - cash cycle - cash turnover and - minimum operating cash. Explain two (2) motives for holding cash.

Answers

To calculate the cash cycle, cash turnover, and minimum operating cash, we need to consider the timing of cash flows and the company's credit and payment policies.

Cash Cycle: The cash cycle represents the time it takes for the company to convert its investment in inventory into cash. It consists of three components: the inventory conversion period, the accounts receivable collection period, and the accounts payable deferral period. Inventory Conversion Period: The time it takes to convert inventory into sales. Accounts Receivable Collection Period: The time it takes to collect payment from customers. Accounts Payable Deferral Period: The time the company takes to pay its suppliers. Cash Cycle = Inventory Conversion Period + Accounts Receivable Collection Period - Accounts Payable Deferral Period. Cash Turnover: Cash turnover measures the efficiency of a company's cash management by calculating the number of times cash is converted into inventory and accounts receivable during a given period. Cash Turnover = Net Sales / Average Cash Balance Minimum Operating Cash: Minimum operating cash refers to the minimum amount of cash a company needs to maintain to meet its day-to-day operating expenses and obligations. Now let's calculate the cash cycle, cash turnover, and minimum operating cash based on the given information: Inventory Conversion Period: The company purchased RM1 million worth of inventory on June 1st. The credit period is 2/10 net 40, which means the company can take a 2% discount if paid within 10 days, otherwise, the full amount is due within 40 days. Inventory Conversion Period = Credit Period + Payment Period = 10 days + 40 days = 50 days Accounts Receivable Collection Period: The credit policy for selling finished goods is 5/10 net 30, which means the company offers a 5% discount if paid within 10 days, otherwise, the full amount is due within 30 days. Accounts Receivable Collection Period = Credit Period + Payment Period = 10 days + 30 days = 40 days. Accounts Payable Deferral Period: The accounts payable deferral period is the time the company takes to pay its suppliers. It is given as the credit period, which is 40 days. Now we can calculate the cash cycle: Cash Cycle = Inventory Conversion Period + Accounts Receivable Collection Period - Accounts Payable Deferral Period. Cash Cycle = 50 days + 40 days - 40 days = 50 days.

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Which of the following statements correctly describe discouraged workers? Check all that apply.
1.They have given up on looking for a job.
They have not looked for a job in 6 weeks, but they would like a job and are available for work.
3.They are counted as part of the labor force by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
4.They are employed workers who want to earn higher wages.

Answers

Discouraged workers are individuals who have stopped looking for work because they believe that there are no jobs available for them. These people are classified as unemployed but are not counted in the official labor force.

Discouraged workers are persons who are not currently looking for work because they think no jobs are available for them or there are no opportunities that match their experience and skills.1. The first statement is correct because discouraged workers have given up on looking for a job.2. The second statement is incorrect since the given statement is about someone who has not looked for a job in six weeks, however, discouraged workers have given up on looking for work and have stopped job search activity altogether.

The third statement is incorrect since discouraged workers are not included as part of the labor force by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 4. The fourth statement is incorrect because discouraged workers are not employed workers but rather unemployed workers since they are not currently working and have stopped looking for work. Thus, the first statement is the only correct statement regarding discouraged workers.

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Which of the following is not an example of PII:

a. Education and employment history
b. Your browsing history from a hotel lobby computer which doesn't verify your identity or room number
c. Website Cookies placed on your laptop
d. Government Identifiers such as Tax ID number or passport

Answers

Out of the given options, Website Cookies placed on your laptop is not an example of PII (Personally Identifiable Information). The correct option is C.

Website cookies placed on your laptop are used for browsing convenience and can be used to identify your internet activity on that website. But, they do not include information like your name, address, social security number, or any other information that could be used to identify you personally. Website Cookies placed on your laptop.Personally Identifiable Information (PII) refers to any piece of information that can be used to identify an individual.

Some of the examples of PII include name, address, social security number, phone number, email address, driver's license number, passport number, etc. Education and employment history, browsing history from a hotel lobby computer, and government identifiers such as Tax ID number or passport are all examples of PII.

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The financial value of your résumé is defined as the increased
income that a well-written résumé can provide. Without a properly
crafted résumé, it will have taken you far longer to land a job.

Answers

The financial value of a well-written résumé is measured by the increased income it can provide. A properly crafted resume enhances your chances of landing a job more quickly and efficiently compared to a poorly written one.

The financial value of a well-written résumé lies in its ability to positively impact your career prospects and income potential. A carefully crafted résumé increases your chances of standing out among other applicants and impressing potential employers. This can lead to more job interviews and ultimately higher job offers or salary negotiations. By effectively showcasing your skills, qualifications, and experiences, a well-crafted résumé captures the attention of employers and increases the likelihood of securing job interviews. With a strong resume, you can present yourself as a competitive candidate, increasing your chances of receiving job offers and negotiating better compensation packages. The time saved in the job search process by having a well-written résumé also translates into financial value, as you can start earning income sooner. Investing time and effort in creating a professional resume pays off by maximizing your earning potential and reducing the time spent unemployed. It is an essential tool for job seekers to highlight their value and increase their chances of securing desirable employment opportunities.

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After graduation, you just got hired by an engineering company and you were planning to take a loan in order to purchase a new car. Let's assume that the bank is willing to offer you a personal loan with an annual interest rate of 7% compounded yearly. The car price is 25,739 JD and you are capable to pay 5,400 JD per year. After how many years you will be able to pay back the loan with the accumulated interest (use a spreadsheet to answer this question) and draw the cash flow diagram?

Answers

Creating cash flow diagrams involves visually representing the inflows and outflows of cash over a period of time. It is a useful tool in financial analysis and planning. In a cash flow diagram, the horizontal axis represents time, while the vertical axis represents the amount of cash .After utilizing a spreadsheet to calculate the repayment period, you will be able to pay back the loan with the accumulated interest in **5 years**.

To elaborate, you can create a cash flow diagram to visualize the loan repayment. In the first year, you will pay 5,400 JD towards the loan, reducing the outstanding balance to 20,339 JD. In subsequent years, you will continue to pay 5,400 JD, while the interest on the remaining balance accumulates at a rate of 7% per year.  plotting the cash inflows and outflows on the diagram, you can gain a clear understanding of the timing and magnitude of cash flows. The interest amount decreases each year as the outstanding balance decreases. By the end of the fifth year, your final payment of 5,400 JD will clear the remaining balance, resulting in the loan being fully paid off.

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You have been appointed as the Marketing Manager of Makro, Massmart CEO Mitchell Slape has assigned you tasks and requires you to write a report that will be presented at the next Massmart Board meeting. You are encouraged to conduct further research on the company.

Background issues

1Massmart . is a South African firm that owns local brands such as Game, Makro, Builder's Warehouse, Cambridge Food and Cash & Carry stores.

2Massmart announces a price freeze in all their brands for the duration of the 21-day nationwide lockdown. This will involve. suspending price adjustments that were scheduled, as part of the normal course of business, before the lockdown was announced. Fresh produce, which is procured daily from fresh produce markets around the country, is the only category that is not included in this announcement.

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This will involve suspending price adjustments that were scheduled, as part of the normal course of business, before the lockdown was announced. Fresh produce, which is procured daily from fresh produce markets around the country, is the only category that is not included in this announcement.  

Massmart is one of South Africa's leading retail firms, which owns local brands such as Game, Makro, Builder's Warehouse, Cambridge Food, and Cash & Carry stores. Mitchell Slape, the CEO of Massmart, has recently announced a price freeze in all their brands for the duration of the 21-day nationwide lockdown, except for fresh produce, which is procured daily from fresh produce markets around the country.

The Marketing Manager of Makro, who has been assigned the task of writing a report that will be presented at the next Massmart Board meeting, should conduct further research on Massmart's business and marketing strategies in order to provide a comprehensive report that would help the Board to make informed decisions.

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Assignment 5: Are you ready to manage?
Identify what resume is and what it must
contain
Create your own resume
Create your ideal resume that has potential
activities/experiences you hope to achieve

Answers

A resume is a document that provides a concise summary of an individual's education, work experience, skills, and other relevant qualifications.

It serves as a marketing tool to showcase one's background and abilities to potential employers or academic institutions. A well-crafted resume typically includes the following sections: Contact Information: Include your full name, professional email address, phone number, and optionally, your LinkedIn profile or website.  Resume Objective or Summary: A brief statement highlighting your career goals, relevant skills, and experience.

It should grab the reader's attention and entice them to continue reading. Education: List your educational background, including the degrees earned, institution names, locations, and dates of graduation. Include any honors, awards, or relevant coursework. Remember, a resume should be concise, well-organized, and easy to read. It should effectively communicate your qualifications and make a positive impression on the reader.

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A 5-year 8% coupon bond currently sells for $900. A 5-year 4% coupon bond currently sells for $789. What is the 5-year zero rate with ANNUAL compounding?

Answers

To determine the 5-year zero rate with annual compounding, we can use the concept of yield to maturity (YTM). YTM represents the rate of return an investor would earn if they hold the bond until maturity.

For the 8% coupon bond, we can calculate the YTM by solving for the discount rate that equates the present value of the bond's cash flows (coupon payments and face value) to its current market price.

$900 = (8% of face value) / (1 + YTM)^1 + (8% of face value) / (1 + YTM)^2 + ... + (8% of face value + face value) / (1 + YTM)^5

For the 4% coupon bond, we follow the same calculation but use the current market price of $789 and the 4% coupon rate.

$789 = (4% of face value) / (1 + YTM)^1 + (4% of face value) / (1 + YTM)^2 + ... + (4% of face value + face value) / (1 + YTM)^5

Once we solve these equations, we can find the YTM for each bond. The 5-year zero rate is then the YTM for the corresponding bond with no coupon payments.

Please note that solving these equations involves iterative methods or financial software as it requires finding the rate that satisfies the equation.

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AppleBanana Corporation has a line of credit arrangement to borrow up to 30 million baht at any time. The interest rate is 1 percent per month. The compensating balance is 7 percent of the amount borrowed. Your bank uses compound interest on the credit line. If you need 15 million baht today, how much interest will you pay if you repay in 3 months? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to two decimal places, e.g., 32.16. Do not include percentage sign.)

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Answer:

To calculate the interest that will be paid on a loan of 15 million baht over 3 months with compound interest, we need to consider the interest rate and the compensating balance.

First, let's calculate the compensating balance. The compensating balance is 7 percent of the amount borrowed, so 7 percent of 15 million baht is:

7/100 * 15,000,000 = 1,050,000 baht

Next, let's calculate the effective loan amount, which is the actual amount borrowed minus the compensating balance:

Loan amount = 15,000,000 - 1,050,000 = 13,950,000 baht

Now we can calculate the interest using compound interest formula:

Interest = Principal * (1 + Rate) ^ Time - Principal

Where:

Principal = Loan amount

Rate = Monthly interest rate

Time = Number of months

Rate = 1 percent per month = 1/100 = 0.01

Time = 3 months

Interest = 13,950,000 * (1 + 0.01) ^ 3 - 13,950,000

Calculating this expression:

Interest = 13,950,000 * (1.01) ^ 3 - 13,950,000

Interest = 13,950,000 * 1.030301 - 13,950,000

Interest = 45,498.52 baht (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, the interest paid on a loan of 15 million baht over 3 months would be approximately 45,498.52 baht.

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What is meant by: Pre-receiving? Post-shipping?

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Pre-receiving is the preparation for goods' arrival, while post-shipping refers to activities after goods have been dispatched, including tracking, documentation, and customer communication.

Pre-receiving refers to the preparation activities before the physical receipt of goods, such as scheduling and coordinating with suppliers. It ensures a smooth transition upon arrival. Post-shipping, on the other hand, encompasses tasks after the goods have been dispatched. This includes tracking shipments, updating records, handling documentation, managing returns, and monitoring delivery.

Post-shipping activities aim to ensure successful completion of the shipping process and maintain effective communication with customer and stakeholders. Overall, pre-receiving and post-shipping are stages in the supply chain that respectively focus on preparing for receipt and managing the aftermath of goods being shipped.

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17. In an economy, 75 per cent of the increase in income is spent on consumption. Investment is increased by 1,000 crore. Calculate: (i) total increase in income. (ii) total increase in consumption expenditure.

Answers

In an economy, 75 per cent of the increase in income is spent on consumption. Investment is increased by 1,000 crore.

total increase in consumption expenditure.Solution:Let the increase in income be x.Since 75% of the increase in income is spent on consumption.Then, 25% of the increase in income is saved.Therefore, (1/4)x = Saving of an increase in income = Investment = Rs 1,000 croresi.e. x = Rs 4000 crores(i) Total increase in income = Rs 4000 crores(ii) Total increase in consumption expenditure = 75% of 4000= (75/100) × 4000= 3000 crore.

So, total increase in consumption expenditure.Solution:Let the increase in income be x.Since 75% of the increase in income is spent on consumption.the total increase in income is Rs 4000 crores and the total increase in consumption expenditure is Rs 3000 crores.

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Apple products (iPads, iPhones, iPods) use the term APP STORE. Amazon.com launched an Appstore for viewing and downloading applications to Android devices (such as the Kindle Fire). Apple claimed that Amazon’s use of the word "Appstore" constituted false advertising and trademark infringement—that Amazon’s use of "Appstore" misled the public into thinking that Amazon’s Appstore is affiliated with Apple and offers the same content.

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Apple claimed that Amazon’s use of the word "Appstore" constituted false advertising and trademark infringement—that Amazon’s use of "Appstore" misled the public into thinking that Amazon’s Appstore is affiliated with Apple and offers the same content.

Apple products (iPads, iPhones, iPods) use the term APP STORE. Amazon.com launched an Appstore for viewing and downloading applications to Android devices (such as the Kindle Fire).

Apple sued Amazon for false advertising and trademark infringement, arguing that Amazon's use of the term "Appstore" was misleading and that Amazon was attempting to capitalize on Apple's App Store's popularity.

Apple believed that Amazon's use of the term was intentionally deceptive and was aimed to benefit from Apple's established reputation as a leader in the mobile app market.

Apple claimed that Amazon's Appstore infringed on Apple's trademark rights and demanded that Amazon change the name of its Appstore. Amazon defended its use of the term, arguing that it was a generic term for a store that sold apps, and that Apple's claims of trademark infringement were baseless.

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pfizer currently has a net profit margin of 5%, it’s corporate
tax rate is 40% and it’s annual interest payments are $6 million.
How much do pfizer’s sales need to be to produce a times interest

Answers

Pfizer's sales need to be approximately $63.157 million to produce a times interest earned (TIE) ratio of 10.

To calculate Pfizer's sales needed to produce a times interest earned (TIE) ratio of 10, we need to determine the earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) first.

Given that Pfizer's net profit margin is 5%, we can infer that EBIT represents 100% - 5% = 95% of sales. Let's denote the sales as 'S':

EBIT = 0.95 * S

The TIE ratio is calculated by dividing EBIT by the annual interest payments:

TIE = EBIT / Annual interest payments

Substituting the values we have:

10 = (0.95 * S) / $6 million

Simplifying the equation:

0.95 * S = $6 million * 10

0.95 * S = $60 million

Dividing both sides by 0.95:

S = $60 million / 0.95

S = $63.157 million

Therefore, Pfizer's sales need to be approximately $63.157 million to produce a times interest earned (TIE) ratio of 10.

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The 2020 balance sheet of Dugan, Incorporated, showed current assets of $2,915 and current liabilities of $1,415. The 2021 balance sheet showed current assets of $2,900 and current liabilities of $1,575. What was the company's 2021 change in net working capital, or NWC? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations.
(Change in NWC)

Answers

The company's 2021 change in net working capital (NWC) is -$175, indicating a decrease in net working capital compared to 2020.

To calculate the change in net working capital (NWC), we need to subtract the previous year's NWC from the current year's NWC.

NWC = Current Assets - Current Liabilities

For 2020:

NWC2020 = $2,915 - $1,415

NWC2020 = $1,500

For 2021:

NWC2021 = $2,900 - $1,575

NWC2021 = $1,325

Change in NWC = NWC2021 - NWC2020

Change in NWC = $1,325 - $1,500

Change in NWC = -$175

Therefore, the company's 2021 change in net working capital (NWC) is -$175, indicating a decrease in net working capital compared to 2020.

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Expenditure Minimization Expenditure Function: E = x + 4y Utility Constraint: 10 = √x + √y Solve for the optimal values of x and y

Answers

The optimal values of x and y are 16 and 36 respectively, under the given constraints.

The given Expenditure function is E = x + 4yT

he given utility constraint is: [tex]10 = \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y}[/tex]

Now we have to find the optimal values of x and y.

Here's the solution: To solve the above system, we can use the Lagrange multiplier method.

Let's set up the Lagrangian: L(x, y, λ) = x + 4y - λ(√x + √y - 10)

Then we calculate the partial derivatives of L with respect to x, y, and λ as follows:

Lx = 1 - λ/2√x

Ly = 4 - λ/2√y

Lλ = √x + √y - 10

Setting these equal to 0 gives us the following equations:

1 - λ/2√x = 0 4 - λ/2√y

= 0 √x + √y - 10 = 0

From the first two equations, we get:λ/2√x = 1λ/2√y = 4

We can solve for λ as follows:

λ²/16 = λ²/xλ² = 16xλ = ±4√x

Substituting this into the first equation, we get:4 = 2√x√x = 2

Thus, x = 4² = 16

Substituting this into the third equation, we get:

√16 + √y = 10√y

= 10 - 4√y = 6² = 36

Now we can calculate the optimal values of x and y:

x = 16 and y = 36.

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The complete financial health of Foot locker Inc. financial statements forecasted 12-month profit and loss, 4-year profit and loss projection, sales forecast, cash flow projection, projected balance sheet, income statement for the next 3 years, and payback calculations. Where do I find this information?

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To find information regarding the complete financial health of Foot Locker Inc., including financial statements, forecasts, and projections, you can look at the company's annual reports, 10-K filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and investor relations website.

1. 12-month profit and loss forecasted statement: This statement can be found in the company's annual reports or quarterly reports. It can also be found in the investor relations section of the company's website.

2. 4-year profit and loss projection: This projection is usually not available in the company's annual report. However, you can find this information in the company's investor relations section of the website.

3. Sales forecast: This information can be found in the company's annual report or quarterly report, and can also be found in the investor relations section of the company's website.

4. Cash flow projection: This information can be found in the company's annual report or quarterly report, and can also be found in the investor relations section of the company's website.

5. Projected balance sheet: This information can be found in the company's annual report or quarterly report, and can also be found in the investor relations section of the company's website.

6. Income statement for the next 3 years: This information is usually not available in the company's annual report. However, you can find this information in the company's investor relations section of the website.

7. Payback calculations: Payback calculations are not usually available in the company's annual report. However, you can find this information in the company's investor relations section of the website.

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Instructions Reflect and then write about a time you have seen language interfere with a message either at work, school or in your personal life. How might a change in the formality, simplicity, a reduction in redundancy, or removal of jargon have made the message easier to understand? Post directly in this folder in the text box. NOTE: This is not a reflection on the difficulties between different languages, but rather a reflection on

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Language is a tool used for communication and an effective medium for exchanging information between two or more individuals. However, sometimes language can interfere with a message either at work, school, or personal life. In my personal life, I have experienced such an issue due to the use of jargon or technical language.

My friend works in the IT industry and was trying to explain to me how the internet works. He used a lot of technical terms and jargon which I wasn't familiar with, causing me to struggle to comprehend the concept. In addition, I had to keep asking him to clarify and explain further, which led to frustration on both ends. To make the message easier to understand, my friend could have changed the formality of the language used. Instead of using technical language or jargon, he could have used simpler and straightforward words that are commonly understood. A reduction in redundancy could have also made the message easier to understand since I would have focused on the main ideas being presented rather than getting confused with repetitive terms or sentences.

In conclusion, it's essential to consider the language used to convey a message to ensure that the audience understands it well. The use of technical language or jargon may hinder effective communication and lead to misunderstandings. Therefore, simple and straightforward language should be used to make the message clear and comprehensible to all.

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A _____ strategy occurs when a company targets a specific segment of the marketplace for its products or services.

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A "targeting" strategy is a focused approach employed by a company to concentrate its efforts on a specific segment of the marketplace for its products or services.

By identifying and understanding the unique needs, preferences, and characteristics of a particular target segment, the company tailors its offerings to effectively meet their demands. This strategy allows the company to allocate its resources efficiently, customize marketing messages, and develop products that resonate with the targeted customers.

By narrowing its focus, the company can differentiate itself from competitors, build strong customer relationships, and achieve higher levels of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Ultimately, a targeting strategy enables the company to optimize its market presence and maximize its chances of success within the selected segment.

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You're interviewing for a position as the director of strategic planning for the United Parcel Service (UPS). To prepare for the interview, you research the company to understand its business and customer base. You want to be able to recommend tangible strategies the company can use to improve its market share or revenue. So, you decide to delve a little deeper into the company’s vision and long-term strategic goals and identify some obstacles the company may face in reaching these goals.

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Researching UPS to understand its business, customer base, vision, and long-term strategic goals is crucial for recommending tangible strategies to improve market share or revenue

Researching UPS involves gaining insights into the company's business operations and customer base. This understanding is essential for formulating effective recommendations to improve market share or revenue. Delving deeper into the company's vision and long-term strategic goals provides a framework for aligning strategies with UPS's objectives.

By identifying potential obstacles that UPS may encounter in reaching its goals, you can develop contingency plans and proactive strategies to overcome challenges. This analysis helps in creating realistic and actionable recommendations that address the specific obstacles faced by the company.

Researching UPS's business and customer base, understanding the company's vision and long-term strategic goals, and identifying potential obstacles are essential steps in preparing for the director of strategic planning position. This research forms the foundation for recommending tangible strategies that can drive UPS's growth, improve its market share, and enhance its revenue.

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You are scheduled to receive a $500 cash flow in one year, a $1,000 cash flow in two years, and pay a $800 payment in three years. Interest rates are 10 percent per year.

What is the combined present value of these cash flows? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to 2 decimal places.)

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If you are scheduled to receive a $500 cash flow in one year, a $1,000 cash flow in two years, and pay a $800 payment in three years, then, the combined present value of these cash flows is $679.50.

To calculate the combined present value of these cash flows, we need to discount each cash flow back to its present value using the given interest rate of 10 percent per year. Let's calculate the present value of each cash flow:

PV1 = $500 / (1 + 0.10)¹ = $500 / 1.10 = $454.55 (rounded to 2 decimal places)

PV2 = $1,000 / (1 + 0.10)² = $1,000 / 1.21 = $826.45 (rounded to 2 decimal places)

PV3 = -$800 / (1 + 0.10)³ = -$800 / 1.331 = -$601.50 (rounded to 2 decimal places)

Note: The negative sign indicates a payment or outgoing cash flow.

Now, we can calculate the combined present value:

Combined PV = PV1 + PV2 + PV3

Combined PV = $454.55 + $826.45 - $601.50

Combined PV = $679.50 (rounded to 2 decimal places)

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In which case are you most likely to get sued if you are behind in paying bills?

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If you are behind in paying bills, you are most likely to get sued in the case of a debt collection lawsuit. This is when a creditor takes legal action against a debtor to recover an unpaid debt, which can result in wage garnishment, bank account levies, and property liens.

There are several things you can do to avoid getting sued for unpaid bills, such as communicating with your creditors, setting up a payment plan, and seeking professional debt counseling if necessary. It's important to take action as soon as you know you won't be able to make a payment, rather than waiting until you're already in default. This will help you avoid negative consequences like damage to your credit score and legal action.

This would require a long-term investment from the American company to establish and sustain the restaurant's operation in Ireland. This type of investment is known as Foreign Direct Investment. Such investment could be through acquisition, merger, joint venture, partnership, or building new facilities in the foreign country. These investments can be long-term and can have an extended period of time to reap the return on investment for the company. In the given scenario, the American company is investing in Ireland by opening and operating a restaurant in the country.

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After reading the Davidson article (Should we tax people for being annoying- New York Times) , provide some arguments in favor of Pigouvian Taxes. What are some drawbacks to implementing Pigouvian Taxes? (Suggested length: 2 paragraphs)

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Some arguments in favor of Pigouvian Taxes include correcting market failures, internalizing externalities, and incentivizing socially responsible behavior. Drawbacks to implementing Pigouvian Taxes include administrative complexities, potential regressive effects on low-income individuals, and challenges in accurately determining the optimal tax rate.

Pigouvian Taxes, named after economist Arthur Pigou, are designed to address market failures by imposing taxes on activities that generate negative externalities. Here are some arguments in favor of Pigouvian Taxes:

Correcting market failures: Pigouvian Taxes aim to correct market inefficiencies by aligning private costs with social costs. By taxing activities that impose negative externalities, such as pollution or congestion, these taxes incentivize individuals and firms to reduce these harmful behaviors.Internalizing externalities: Pigouvian Taxes internalize the costs associated with externalities, ensuring that those who generate negative externalities bear the responsibility for them. This can lead to more efficient resource allocation and encourage the adoption of environmentally-friendly or socially responsible practices.Incentivizing socially responsible behavior: Pigouvian Taxes can encourage individuals and businesses to adopt behavior that benefits society as a whole. For example, taxing carbon emissions can incentivize the adoption of cleaner energy sources and contribute to mitigating climate change.

However, implementing Pigouvian Taxes also has some drawbacks:

Administrative complexities: Determining the appropriate tax rate and monitoring compliance can be complex and resource-intensive. Designing and implementing effective tax policies require accurate measurement of externalities and balancing them with economic efficiency considerations.Potential regressive effects: Pigouvian Taxes can disproportionately burden low-income individuals. For example, taxes on gasoline may impact low-income households more significantly as they may have limited alternatives to driving and a higher proportion of their income allocated to transportation costs.Determining optimal tax rate: Setting the optimal tax rate to achieve desired behavior change without stifling economic activity requires careful consideration. If the tax rate is too high, it may lead to unintended consequences, such as reduced economic growth or increased tax evasion.

Pigouvian Taxes offer a mechanism to address market failures, internalize externalities, and incentivize socially responsible behavior. However, implementing such taxes requires careful consideration of administrative complexities, potential regressive effects, and determining the optimal tax rate to strike a balance between economic efficiency and desired behavioral change.

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WORK WITH THE QUESTION
Hulme Company operates a small manufacturing facility as a supplement to its regular service activities. At the beginning of 2020, an asset account for the company showed the following balances: Manuf

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The journal entries is given below

 Date               Account                                Debit         Credit

Jan 2, 2020 Manufacturing equipment        $15,000

                    Accumulated depreciation                                $15,000

                      Maintenance and repair expense   $1,300

                       Cash (or Accounts payable)                           $1,300

What is the journal entries

Equipment overhaul improves manufacturing efficiency. As it adds value, it's a capital expense and should be included in the equipment's cost. Debit Manufacturing Equipment for $15,000 to increase its balance and reflect higher value. The payment is recorded in either Cash or Accounts Payable and it shows cash outflow or future payment obligation.

Maintenance and repairs are essential expenses for equipment functionality. They would not that enhance or extend the equipment's value. So, these costs are expensed right away rather than capitalized. Manuf. Equip. acct debited $1,300 to inc. equip. cost. Credit entry to Cash or Accounts Payable for cash or credit payment respectively.

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Hulme Company operates a small manufacturing facility as a supplement to its regular service activities. At the beginning of 2020, an asset account for the company showed the following balances:

Manufacturing equipment   $154,800

Accumulated depreciation through 2019  64,800

During 2020, the following expenditures were incurred for the equipment:

Major overhaul of the equipment on January 2, 2020, that improved efficiency    $15,000

Routine maintenance and repairs on the equipment 1,300

The equipment is being depreciated on a straight-line basis over an estimated life of 19 years with a $18,000 estimated residual value. The annual accounting period ends on December 31.

Required: Prepare the journal entries to record the two expenditures during 2020. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)

A consultant hired to evaluate Blue Street Bank's business processes and controls judges that they are haphazard and incomplete. Bess, an executive at the bank, wisely says that a) they must establish more rigorous management practices to govern their data b) while this is a problem, it cannot affect their ability to make good business decisions c) no action is necessary since this does not violate external regulations d) this is not a significant cause for concern given the nature of their business

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A consultant hired to evaluate Blue Street Bank's business processes and controls judges that they are haphazard and incomplete. Bess, an executive at the bank, wisely says that they must establish more rigorous management practices to govern their data.

The statement that describes the appropriate response from Bess, an executive at the bank when a consultant hired to evaluate Blue Street Bank's business processes and controls judges that they are haphazard and incomplete is that they must establish more rigorous management practices to govern their data. This response aligns with the consultant's evaluation that the bank's business processes and controls are haphazard and incomplete.

By establishing more rigorous management practices to govern their data, the bank can bring some level of order to its business processes and controls. Bess's response indicates her readiness to take action to improve the bank's operations and ensure that it is in compliance with external regulations if any.A consultant hired to evaluate Blue Street Bank's business processes and controls judges that they are haphazard and incomplete. Bess, an executive at the bank, wisely says that they must establish more rigorous management practices to govern their data.

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Forecast error represents the difference between forecasted demand values from different models. O True O False

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False. Forecast error cannot represent the difference between forecasted demand values from different models.

Forecast error is a measure of the accuracy of a forecasted value compared to the actual value. It represents the difference between the forecasted value and the corresponding actual value for a given time period. The forecasted value is typically derived from a forecasting model or method.

Forecast error is calculated by subtracting the actual value from the forecasted value. The resulting difference can be positive or negative, depending on whether the forecast overestimated or underestimated the actual value. By analyzing forecast errors over a period of time, organizations can assess the accuracy and reliability of their forecasting methods and make adjustments if necessary.

Forecast error is a valuable metric for evaluating the performance of forecasting techniques and identifying areas for improvement. By analyzing the patterns and magnitude of forecast errors, organizations can fine-tune their forecasting processes, adjust their models or methods, and enhance their overall forecasting accuracy.

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