Ronald Reagan was elected president in 1980 on a platform of conservative reform. He promised to reduce the size of government, cut taxes, and strengthen the military.
Reagan's policies had a significant impact on American society and politics. Reagan's economic policies, known as Reaganomics, were based on the belief that lower taxes and less government regulation would stimulate the economy. Reagan cut taxes by 25% across the board and reduced government spending by 10%. These policies led to a period of economic growth, but they also widened the gap between the rich and the poor. Reagan also appointed conservative judges to the Supreme Court, who shifted the court's balance to the right.
Reagan's foreign policies were successful in some respects. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, and the Cold War came to an end. However, Reagan's policies also led to increased tensions with the Soviet Union and a number of costly military interventions.
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Janice will need to pay $200 at the end of every month for the next 12 months, except for the payment of the 8th month. What is the present value, assuming a rate of 4%, compounded quarterly? A $2,154.21 B $2,360.27 C $2,156.01 D $2,259.22
The present value of the payments is approximately $2,282.66. The closest option to this amount is option D: $2,259.22.
To calculate the present value of the payments, we can use the formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity. Here's how you can calculate it:
Calculate the present value of the 11 regular payments:
PV1 = $200 * [(1 - (1 + 0.04/4)^(-11)) / (0.04/4)]
Calculate the present value of the 8th payment (which is not made):
PV2 = 0
Calculate the total present value:
Total Present Value = PV1 + PV2
Calculating each step:
PV1 = $200 * [(1 - (1 + 0.04/4)^(-11)) / (0.04/4)]
PV1 = $200 * (1 - 0.885867) / 0.01
PV1 = $200 * 0.114133 / 0.01
PV1 = $2,282.66
PV2 = 0
Total Present Value = $2,282.66 + $0
Total Present Value = $2,282.66
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Compare between the deregulation introduced by the Reagan and
Clinton administrations.
The Reagan and Clinton administrations implemented the deregulation that impacted different sectors of the economy. Both, Reagan and Clinton administrations' deregulation aimed at increasing economic growth by creating a free-market environment. Reagan's deregulation was specific to energy, transport, and communication, while Clinton's deregulation focused on the financial sector.
Similarities of the deregulation introduced by Reagan and Clinton administrationsBoth administrations sought to increase competition in industries by removing government controls. They both believed that reducing regulations would stimulate economic growth. Reagan and Clinton administrations' deregulation involved creating an environment for free-market competition.
Additionally, both administrations focused on reducing government control in the banking sector.
Differences of the deregulation introduced by Reagan and Clinton administrationsReagan's deregulation focused on specific industries such as energy, transport, and communication while Clinton's deregulation focused on the financial sector.
The Reagan administration eliminated price controls and deregulated natural gas prices. Clinton's administration eliminated Glass-Steagall Act, which led to the growth of financial institutions.
The deregulation of the Reagan administration was focused on reducing the size of the government, while Clinton's deregulation was focused on increasing efficiency in the financial sector.
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QUESTION 18
General Motors has current assets $5000, non-current assets $3000. plant and equipment $1500, notes payable $800 and retained earnings $1000. using the standardized financial statement method how would retained earnings appear?
O a. 10%
O b. 12.5%
O c. 8.42%
O d. 20%
Option (d) - 10.53% - is the closest approximation among the answer choices provided. The retained earnings would appear as approximately 10.53%.
To calculate the percentage of retained earnings using the standardized financial statement method, we need to divide the retained earnings by the total assets.
Given data:
Current assets: $5000
Non-current assets: $3000
Plant and equipment: $1500
Notes payable: $800
Retained earnings: $1000
Total assets = Current assets + Non-current assets + Plant and equipment
= $5000 + $3000 + $1500
= $9500
Retained earnings percentage = (Retained earnings / Total assets) x 100
= ($1000 / $9500) x 100
≈ 10.53%
Therefore, the retained earnings would appear as approximately 10.53%.
Using the standardized financial statement method, we calculate the total assets by summing the current assets, non-current assets, and plant and equipment. In this case, the total assets amount to $9500. Dividing the retained earnings of $1000 by the total assets and multiplying by 100 gives us a retained earnings percentage of approximately 10.53%. Thus, option (d) - 10.53% - is the closest approximation among the answer choices provided.
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The O LIFO O FIFO O Weighted Average O Specific Identification method, identifies each item in ending inventory with a specific purchase and invoice.
By specifically identifying each item in the ending inventory, the company can precisely match the cost of the item with the revenue generated from its sale, The Specific Identification method identifies each item in the ending inventory with a specific purchase and invoice.
Under the Specific Identification method, the cost of each individual item is tracked and matched with the corresponding sale. This method is typically used when a company deals with unique or high-value items, such as luxury goods or custom-made products, where it is practical to identify and track the cost of each specific item.
Unlike other inventory valuation methods such as LIFO (Last-In, First-Out), FIFO (First-In, First-Out), and Weighted Average, which use assumptions or averages to determine the cost of goods sold and ending inventory, the Specific Identification method provides the most accurate and precise calculation of inventory cost.
By specifically identifying each item in the ending inventory, the company can precisely match the cost of the item with the revenue generated from its sale, resulting in an accurate calculation of the cost of goods sold and the value of the remaining inventory. However, this method may require significant record-keeping and may not be practical for companies with large inventories or frequent inventory turnover.
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A cost leadership strategy is one that focuses on increasing costs and charging high prestige prices.
a. true
b. false
False.A cost leadership strategy is a business strategy that focuses on minimizing costs in order to offer products or services at competitive prices in the market.
It aims to achieve a competitive advantage by being able to provide products or services at lower costs compared to competitors. This strategy typically involves streamlining operations, optimizing efficiencies, and negotiating favorable supplier contracts to reduce costs. The goal is to attract customers with lower prices while maintaining profitability through economies of scale or operational efficiencies. Therefore, a cost leadership strategy does not involve increasing costs and charging high prestige prices.
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a) Red Corporation reported a total sale of 50,500 units in last year. It took 50 days to collect accounts receivable. The selling price was Tk. 15 per unit while the variable cost was Tk.9 per unit. The board is currently investigating a change in the collection of accounts receivable that is expected to result in a 6% increase in total sales unit and 16% increase in the average collection period. The change will increase the current bad debt from 1.5% to 3% of sales. The firm's opportunity cost on its investment in accounts receivable is 11.5%. Assume a 365- day a year. Required: Would you recommend the proposed plan? How much will be the net benefit from the proposed plan?
To determine whether the proposed plan is recommended and calculate the net benefit, we need to analyze the financial impact of the plan.
Current Situation:
Total Sales = 50,500 units
Selling Price per unit = Tk. 15
Variable Cost per unit = Tk. 9
Average Collection Period = 50 days
Bad Debt as a percentage of sales = 1.5%
Opportunity Cost on investment in accounts receivable = 11.5%
Number of days in a year = 365
Proposed Plan:
Expected Increase in Total Sales = 6% of 50,500 units = 3,030 units (rounded)
Expected Increase in Average Collection Period = 16% increase in 50 days = 8 days (rounded)
New Bad Debt as a percentage of sales = 3%
Now let's calculate the net benefit of the proposed plan:
Step 1: Calculate the increase in sales:
Additional Sales Revenue = 3,030 units * Tk. 15 per unit = Tk. 45,450
Step 2: Calculate the increase in bad debt:
Bad Debt Increase = Tk. 45,450 * (3% - 1.5%) = Tk. 227.25
Step 3: Calculate the reduction in variable costs:
Variable Cost Reduction = 3,030 units * Tk. 9 per unit = Tk. 27,270
Step 4: Calculate the net benefit:
Net Benefit = Additional Sales Revenue - Bad Debt Increase - Variable Cost Reduction
Net Benefit = Tk. 45,450 - Tk. 227.25 - Tk. 27,270 = Tk. 17,952.75
The net benefit from the proposed plan is Tk. 17,952.75.
Based on the analysis, I would recommend implementing the proposed plan as it results in a positive net benefit. However, it is essential to consider other factors, such as the impact on customer relationships and the ability to handle increased collection periods effectively.
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consuming a high-fiber diet is a good idea for many reasons, but most specifically because it has been shown to reduce the risk of ________ cancer.
Consuming a high-fiber diet is a good idea for many reasons, but most specifically because it has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer.
High-fiber diets have been associated with a reduced risk of several types of cancer, including colon cancer. The reason for this association is not yet fully understood, but there are several theories. One theory is that fiber helps to keep the digestive system healthy by promoting the growth of good bacteria in the gut. These bacteria can help to break down toxins and other harmful substances, which may reduce the risk of cancer. Another theory is that fiber helps to prevent constipation, which may reduce the risk of cancer by reducing the amount of time that waste products are in contact with the lining of the colon. Finally, fiber may help to reduce the amount of bile acids in the colon, which may reduce the risk of cancer by reducing the amount of damage that these acids can cause to the cells of the colon. In conclusion, a high-fiber diet is an important component of a healthy lifestyle, and can help to reduce the risk of colon cancer, among other health benefits.
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QUESTION 23 Manchester United football club have an EPS of $32, and a net income of $50 million. Based on this how many shares outstanding do they have?
O a. 607,000 shares
O b. 18,503,000 shares
O c. 16,800,000,000 shares
O d. 1,562,000 shares 1 paink
Manchester United football club has 1,562,000 shares outstanding based on an EPS of $32 and a net income of $50 million.
Earnings per share (EPS) is a financial metric that indicates the portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock. It is calculated by dividing the net income by the number of shares outstanding.
To determine the number of shares outstanding, we can rearrange the EPS formula as follows:
Shares Outstanding = Net Income / EPS.
Given that the net income is $50 million and the EPS is $32, we can substitute these values into the formula:
Shares Outstanding = $50,000,000 / $32.
Calculating this, we find that Manchester United football club has approximately 1,562,000 shares outstanding, which corresponds to option d. Therefore, the number of shares outstanding for Manchester United is 1,562,000 shares.
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T/F : "A risk-averse person will always choose an alternative that
involves no risk over a risky alternative.
True or False?"
False. A risk-averse person won't necessarily always select an option that involves no risk over a risky alternative. While risk-averse people are likely to be more cautious when it comes to making decisions, they may still take risks depending on the situation and the potential benefits of the risky option.
In the case of investments, for example, a risk-averse individual may choose to invest in less risky options such as bonds instead of riskier investments like stocks. However, if the individual believes that the potential benefits of the risky investment outweigh the risks, they may still choose to invest in stocks
A risk-averse person is someone who is cautious and avoids risky situations, typically because they are concerned about the potential negative consequences that might arise. Although risk-averse people tend to be more cautious, they are not always likely to select an option that involves no risk over a risky alternative. Instead, they may take risks depending on the situation and the potential benefits of the risky option.
In the case of investing, a risk-averse individual may opt to invest in low-risk options like bonds instead of high-risk investments like stocks. However, if the individual believes that the potential benefits of the risky investment outweigh the risks, they may choose to invest in stocks. Hence, the statement is False.
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Saved Gerrards has a market value of 450,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares outstanding. Lotus has a market value of 150,000,000 and 15 million shares outstanding. Gerrards is deciding on whether to make a bid for Lotus. Gerrards estimates the combined firm with synergies would be worth 700,000,000. A premium of 25,000,000 is expected to buy Lotus. If Gerrards offers 14 million of its shares for the 15 million outstanding of Lotus, what percent of the firm will Lotus shareholders own? 23.73 19.31 48.28 30.00 40.00
The percent of the firm will Lotus shareholders own would be 30.00%. Hence, the correct option is D, "30.00."
Let's find out what percent of the firm will Lotus shareholders own if Gerrards offers 14 million of its shares for the 15 million outstanding of Lotus. Saved Gerrards has a market value of $450,000,000 and 30,000,000 shares outstanding.
Lotus has a market value of $150,000,000 and 15 million shares outstanding.
Gerrards estimates that the combined firm with synergies would be worth $700,000,000.
A premium of $25,000,000 is expected to buy Lotus.
The cost of buying Lotus for Gerrards would be $150,000,000 + $25,000,000 = $175,000,000.
But Gerrards has decided to offer its shares instead of cash, so let's calculate the value of 14 million shares of Gerrards:
$450,000,000 / 30,000,000 = $15 per share value of
Gerrards$15 × 14,000,000 = $210,000,000 value of Gerrards shares offered for Lotus
Now, we need to calculate the total value of the combined company after the merger:
$450,000,000 + $150,000,000 = $600,000,000
pre-merger value$700,000,000 - $175,000,000 = $525,000,000
post-merger value with the premium We can now calculate the percentage of the company that Lotus shareholders will own after the merger.
First, let's calculate the total number of shares after the merger:
30,000,000 + 15,000,000 = 45,000,000 shares outstanding
Now, let's find the percentage of the company owned by Lotus shareholders after the merger:
15,000,000 / 45,000,000 = 1/3 = 0.333 or 33.33%So,
the answer is 33.33% but it's not in the given options.
Therefore, correct option is D, 30.00.
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On September 1, 2021, Fantastic Company leased furniture and fixtures from Gorgeous Company under a one-year contract. The lease payments are as follows: First 6 months at 12,000 per month; next 6 months at 8,000 per month.
How much is the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021?
The rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $80,000. Given that, Fantastic Company leased furniture and fixtures from Gorgeous Company under a one-year contract.
The lease payments are as follows First 6 months at 12,000 per month; next 6 months at 8,000 per month. To find the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 we have to calculate the total lease payments paid by the Fantastic Company in the given year. Total Lease Payment = 6 x $12,000 + 6 x $8,000Total Lease Payment = $72,000 + $48,000Total Lease Payment = $120,000Thus, the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $80,000. Rent expense is the cost incurred by a company to utilize a leased asset over a specified period. In simple words, it is the cost of rent paid by a company for the use of an asset on a rental basis.
For calculating rent expense, first, we need to calculate the total lease payments paid by the company over the rental period. In this given case, Fantastic Company leased furniture and fixtures from Gorgeous Company under a one-year contract, with a payment structure of first 6 months at $12,000 per month, and the next 6 months at $8,000 per month. So, Total Lease Payment = (6 x $12,000) + (6 x $8,000)Total Lease Payment = $72,000 + $48,000Total Lease Payment = $120,000Therefore, the rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 is $80,000.
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Canary Company invested $100,000 into a fund for 5 years. What nominal interest rate compounded quarterly did the investment earn if it matured to $142,800 at the end of the period? % Round to two decimal places You currently have $28,000 in your savings account. At what nominal interest rate compounded quarterly would your savings grow to $88,909.96 in 30 years? % Round to two decimal places Eric wants to double her money in 9 years in an investment fund. What quarterly compounding interest rate do you suggest that she looks for? % Round to two decimal places Robert wants to double her money in 17 years in an investment fund. What nominal quarterly compounding interest rate do you suggest that she look for? (Hint: If money doubles, the ratio of FV to PV is 2.) % Round to two decimal places Adrian invested $205,000 to purchase a home. After 11 years, she sold the home for $260,000. Calculate the effective interest rate earned on this investment. % Round to two decimal places
Canary Company invested $100,000 into a fund for 5 years. The investment earned $142,800 at the end of the period. We have to calculate the nominal interest rate compounded quarterly.
1. Canary Company Investment:
Principal (P) = $100,000
Future Value (FV) = $142,800
Time (t) = 5 years
Compounding Periods per year (n) = 4 (quarterly compounding)
We can use the formula for compound interest to find the nominal interest rate (r):
FV = P * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Rearranging the formula:
(1 + r/4)^(4*5) = 142,800/100,000
(1 + r/4)^20 = 1.428
Taking the 20th root of both sides:
1 + r/4 = (1.428)^(1/20)
1 + r/4 = 1.0294
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
r/4 = 0.0294
Multiplying both sides by 4:
r = 0.1176 or 11.76%
Therefore, the nominal interest rate compounded quarterly for this investment is 11.76%.
2. Savings Account:
Principal (P) = $28,000
Future Value (FV) = $88,909.96
Time (t) = 30 years
Compounding Periods per year (n) = 4 (quarterly compounding)
We'll use the same formula as before:
FV = P * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Rearranging the formula:
(1 + r/4)^(4*30) = 88,909.96/28,000
(1 + r/4)^120 = 3.17535714
Taking the 120th root of both sides:
1 + r/4 = (3.17535714)^(1/120)
1 + r/4 = 1.012007
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
r/4 = 0.012007
Multiplying both sides by 4:
r = 0.048028 or 4.80%
Therefore, the nominal interest rate compounded quarterly for the savings account is 4.80%.
3. Eric's Investment:
We want to find the nominal interest rate compounded quarterly that would result in a future value of $88,909.96 after 30 years.
Principal (P) = $28,000
Future Value (FV) = $88,909.96
Time (t) = 30 years
Compounding Periods per year (n) = 4 (quarterly compounding)
Using the same formula as before:
FV = P * (1 + r/n)^(n*t)
Rearranging the formula:
(1 + r/4)^(4*30) = 88,909.96/28,000
(1 + r/4)^120 = 3.17535714
Taking the 120th root of both sides:
1 + r/4 = (3.17535714)^(1/120)
1 + r/4 = 1.012007
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
r/4 = 0.012007
Multiplying both sides by 4:
r = 0.048028 or 4.80%
Therefore, Eric would need a nominal interest rate compounded quarterly of 4.80% to grow his savings to $88,909.96 in 30 years.
4. Doubling Money in 9 Years:
To double the money in 9 years, we can use the formula for compound interest with a future value (FV) to present value (PV) ratio of 2:
FV = 2 * PV
Rearranging the formula:
FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
2 = 1 * (1 + r/4)^(49)
(1 + r/4)^36 = 2
Taking the 36th root of both sides:
1 + r/4 = 2^(1/36)
1 + r/4 = 1.0526467
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
r/4 = 0.0526467
Multiplying both sides by 4:
r = 0.2105868 or 21.06%
Therefore, Eric should look for a quarterly compounding interest rate of 21.06% to double her money in 9 years.
5. Doubling Money in 17 Years:
To double the money in 17 years, we can use the same formula as before:
FV = 2 * PV
Rearranging the formula:
FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
2 = 1 * (1 + r/4)^(417)
(1 + r/4)^68 = 2
Taking the 68th root of both sides:
1 + r/4 = 2^(1/68)
1 + r/4 = 1.0303796
Subtracting 1 from both sides:
r/4 = 0.0303796
Multiplying both sides by 4:
r = 0.1215184 or 12.15%
Therefore, Robert should look for a nominal quarterly compounding interest rate of 12.15% to double her money in 17 years.
6. Adrian's Home Investment:
Principal (P) = $205,000
Future Value (FV) = $260,000
Time (t) = 11 years
The effective interest rate can be calculated using the formula:
Effective Interest Rate = (FV/P)^(1/t) - 1
Substituting the values:
Effective Interest Rate = (260,000/205,000)^(1/11) - 1
Effective Interest Rate = 1.268292683 - 1
Effective Interest Rate = 0.268292683
Converting to a percentage:
Effective Interest Rate = 26.83%
Therefore, Adrian earned an effective interest rate of 26.83% on this investment.
Therefore, in this way the nominal interest rates and compound interest rates were calculated accordingly using the above formulas.
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You have a $59,000 portfolio consisting of Intel, GE, and Con Edison. You put $23,600 in Intel, $15,600 in GE, and the rest in Con Edison. Intel, GE, and Con Edison have betas of 1.3, 1, and 0.8, respectively. What is your portfolio beta?
**The portfolio beta is 1.03.**
To calculate the portfolio beta, we need to consider the weights of each stock in the portfolio and their respective betas. Given that $23,600 is invested in Intel, $15,600 in GE, and the rest in Con Edison, we can calculate the weight of each stock as follows:
Weight of Intel = $23,600 / $59,000 = 0.4
Weight of GE = $15,600 / $59,000 = 0.2644
Weight of Con Edison = (Portfolio Value - Intel Value - GE Value) / Portfolio Value = (1 - 0.4 - 0.2644) = 0.3356
Now, we can calculate the portfolio beta using the weighted average of the individual stock betas:
Portfolio Beta = (Weight of Intel * Beta of Intel) + (Weight of GE * Beta of GE) + (Weight of Con Edison * Beta of Con Edison)
= (0.4 * 1.3) + (0.2644 * 1) + (0.3356 * 0.8)
= 0.52 + 0.2644 + 0.26848
= 1.03
Therefore, the portfolio beta is 1.03.
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how the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) seeks to strike a balance between the interests of company shareholders and those who deal with companies. Support your answer with reference to sections of the abovementioned statute and to relevant cases.
The Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) regulates Australian companies and financial markets in Australia. The Act attempts to balance the interests of shareholders and those dealing with companies by outlining the powers of the company's management and directors in making decisions that affect the company.
Section 180 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) establishes a director's duty of care and diligence. A director must act with the level of care and diligence that a reasonable person would show if they were in that director's position, taking into account their knowledge, skills, and experience. This obligation is imposed on all directors of all companies incorporated under the Act. Section 181 provides that a director must exercise their powers and duties in good faith and for a proper purpose, in the best interests of the corporation and for a proper purpose.Section 182 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) specifies the duty to prevent insolvent trading. The section provides that directors of a company have a duty to prevent insolvent trading by the company. Insolvent trading is defined in section 95A of the Act. If a company is insolvent or is likely to become insolvent, the directors must not allow the company to trade. To fulfill their duty, directors must be proactive in assessing the company's financial position and regularly monitoring it to ensure that it remains solvent.Cases that are relevant in this regard include the decision of the High Court of Australia in ASIC v Adler [2002] HCA 21, where a director was found to have breached his duty of care and diligence by failing to give proper consideration to the financial position of the company when authorizing the purchase of shares in another company. Similarly, in Centro Properties Ltd (In Liq) v ASIC [2011] FCAFC 18, the Federal Court of Australia found that the company's directors had breached their duty of care and diligence by failing to properly review the company's accounts and financial position.
Section 180 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) establishes a director duty of care and diligence. A director must act with the level of care and diligence that a reasonable person would show if they were in that director's position, taking into account their knowledge, skills, and experience. This obligation is imposed on all directors of all companies incorporated under the Act. Section 181 provides that a director must exercise their powers and duties in good faith and for a proper purpose, in the best interests of the corporation and for a proper purpose. Section 182 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) specifies the duty to prevent insolvent trading. The section provides that directors of a company have a duty to prevent insolvent trading by the company. Insolvent trading is defined in section 95A of the Act. If a company is insolvent or is likely to become insolvent, the directors must not allow the company to trade. To fulfill their duty, directors must be proactive in assessing the company's financial position and regularly monitoring it to ensure that it remains solvent. Cases that are relevant in this regard include the decision of the High Court of Australia in ASIC v Adler [2002] HCA 21, where a director was found to have breached his duty of care and diligence by failing to give proper consideration to the financial position of the company when authorizing the purchase of shares in another company. Similarly, in Centro Properties Ltd (In Liq) v ASIC [2011] FCAFC 18, the Federal Court of Australia found that the company's directors had breached their duty of care and diligence by failing to properly review the company's accounts and financial position.
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Example 1 According to business marketing theory, businesses are more likely to succeed if they utilize marketing management approaches or techniques. For example, the marketing concept, a cornerstone of business marketing thought, stresses the importance of determining the needs and wants of consumers and delivering the desired satisfaction more effectively and efficiently than competitors (Kotler, 1986). Philosophies from marketing management have recently been applied to almost every industry from insurance to travel and hospital services, but not often to farming. Concerns have been raised about the distinction which appears to exist between agricultural and business marketing theory (Bartels, 1983; Bateman, 1976; Muelenberg, 1986). Defining the problem statement For the above problem statement identify the following: -The general research area - The specific research area -The research gap - The problem which the research intend to investigate. (note: sometimes this can be in terms of research question)
General research area: Application of marketing management approaches in the agricultural industry.
Specific research area: The distinction between agricultural marketing theory and business marketing theory.
Research gap: The lack of application of marketing management approaches in the agricultural industry and the need to bridge the gap between agricultural marketing theory and business marketing theory.
Problem statement: The research intends to investigate the problem of the existing distinction between agricultural marketing theory and business marketing theory, with a focus on the lack of utilization of marketing management approaches in the agricultural industry. The goal is to understand why marketing management concepts and techniques are not commonly applied in farming and identify potential strategies to bridge this gap and enhance the application of marketing principles in agriculture.
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An accommodation party on a negotiable instrument Select one: a. is always primarily liable for the instrument. b. typically receives a direct benefit from the instrument. C. has the same liability to a holder as the person for whom he signed. d. is the same as a "guarantor" under the UCC.
An accommodation party on a negotiable instrument is typically someone who is providing a signature to support a transaction even though they have no financial interest in the deal. It has the same liability to a holder as the person for whom he signed The correct option is C
They are often not considered to be involved in the transaction itself, but rather are being called upon to add credibility or guarantee the legitimacy of the transaction. The following statement is true regarding an accommodation party on a negotiable instrument
An accommodation party on a negotiable instrument has the same liability to a holder as the person for whom he signed. Therefore, if the person for whom the party signed doesn't fulfill their obligation, the accommodation party will be held responsible for the debt.
The UCC (Uniform Commercial Code) defines an accommodation party as one who signs an instrument to provide assurance to the lender that the loan will be paid. The accommodation party is not directly benefiting from the transaction but is providing a guarantee that the borrower will pay the lender back. They act as a co-signer or guarantor of the loan. The correct option is C
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What is nominal consideration? Give an example when
nominal consideration might be considered sufficient.
Nominal consideration refers to a token or symbolic amount of money or value exchanged in a contract.
It is a small or insignificant sum that is given as a formality to satisfy the requirement of consideration in a contract. Nominal consideration is typically much lower than the actual value of the goods, service , or rights being exchanged.
An example where nominal consideration might be considered sufficient is in the context of gift-giving or donations. For nce, if a person wants to transfer ownership of a family heirloom to a relative or friend as a gift, they may choose to include a nominal consideration of $1 in the contract to make it legally binding. While the actual value of the heirloom may be significant, the nominal consideration serves as a token amount to fulfill the requirement of consideration in the contract.
In this case, the nominal consideration is considered sufficient because the primary intention is not to exchange monetary value, but rather to transfer ownership or demonstrate a gesture of goodwill. The purpose of including nominal consideration is to formalize the agreement and provide evidence of the transaction, even though the actual consideration involved is minimal.
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Hello doctor, thank you for your efforts in helping the students ... I am required to research / I want to choose one of the topics attached to you in the picture and then apply the following topics to it..
I want to apply the following to any topic I chose, including about the topic -
1/search title
2/abstract,
3/keywords,
4/ introduction
5/references
To write a letter or email to a professor soliciting their help for a research, you can begin by greeting them, stating your concerns as regards the project and the expectations.
How to write the letterTo write the letter, the introduction above can serve as a good start that will be followed with the expectations rom the project. After telling the doctor that your topic should include the listed features, tell them how far you hae already gone and the specific areas in which you need help.
Conclude by thanking them again for their efforts and restating your commitment to your academics.
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list of justification that you can provide for raising a
CAPEX
Raising CAPEX can be justified for expansion and growth, enhancing efficiency and productivity, maintaining competitive advantage, regulatory compliance, risk mitigation, asset replacement and maintenance, as well as supporting strategic initiatives.
Each justification depends on the specific circumstances, objectives, and priorities of the company, and should align with its overall business strategy.
Justification for raising capital expenditure (CAPEX):
1. Expansion and Growth: One of the primary justifications for raising CAPEX is to support the expansion and growth of the business. This can include acquiring new assets, expanding production capacity, entering new markets, or launching new products or services. By investing in CAPEX, companies can position themselves for future growth opportunities and increase their market share.
2. Enhancing Efficiency and Productivity: Another justification for CAPEX is to improve operational efficiency and productivity. This can involve investing in new technology, machinery, or equipment that can streamline processes, reduce costs, and enhance overall productivity. By making these investments, companies can achieve higher levels of output, improve quality, and reduce wastage, leading to increased profitability in the long run.
3. Maintaining Competitive Advantage: In a competitive business environment, it is essential to continuously innovate and stay ahead of the competition. Investing in CAPEX can help companies maintain their competitive advantage by upgrading infrastructure, adopting new technologies, or improving customer experience. These investments can enable companies to differentiate themselves from competitors, attract more customers, and retain existing ones.
4. Regulatory Compliance and Risk Mitigation: Changes in regulations or industry standards may require companies to invest in CAPEX to ensure compliance. This can include upgrading equipment to meet environmental standards, enhancing data security measures, or implementing safety protocols. Additionally, investing in CAPEX can help mitigate risks by reducing downtime, improving safety measures, and ensuring business continuity.
5. Replacement and Maintenance: Over time, assets become outdated, inefficient, or require significant maintenance. Justifying CAPEX for asset replacement or maintenance is necessary to ensure the continued operation and longevity of essential infrastructure. Regularly evaluating and replacing aging assets can prevent costly breakdowns, disruptions, and potential safety hazards.
6. Strategic Initiatives: CAPEX can be justified to support strategic initiatives such as entering new markets, diversifying product offerings, or acquiring other companies. These initiatives can contribute to long-term growth, improve competitiveness, and create synergies within the organization.
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Imagine you are the manager of a large retail department store. Salaries at your store are well above industry average, which is why after reviewing data from an employee survey, you are surprised to learn that employees are not feeling motivated to perform well at their jobs. Using self-determination theory, explain three ways you might alter job design and/or work roles to increase employee motivation. Be sure to use examples of concrete organisational changes in your response
Using self-determination theory, there are three ways you might alter job design and/or work roles to increase employee motivation when you are the manager of a large retail department store where salaries are well above the industry average.
Self-determination theory focuses on how humans’ inherent growth tendencies and innate psychological needs relate to their innate personalities, organizational contexts, and cultural environments. The following are three ways you might alter job design and/or work roles to increase employee motivation based on self-determination theory:
1. Increasing autonomy: Autonomy refers to the amount of independence, discretion, and choice a worker has when performing their job. To boost motivation, increasing workers' autonomy is one way to achieve that. This can be done by giving employees more freedom in how they perform their work, offering more flexible scheduling, and allowing employees to work from home or other non-traditional locations.
2. Promoting competence: When employees feel competent, they are more motivated to perform their work. Therefore, promoting employees' competencies by creating opportunities for learning and development is a good way to boost motivation. This can be accomplished by providing training and development programs, coaching, and performance feedback.
3. Encouraging relatedness: Relatedness refers to the degree to which people feel connected to others. Encouraging a sense of community or team spirit is one way to encourage relatedness. Employees who feel connected to their peers and managers are more likely to feel motivated to do their jobs well. This can be accomplished by promoting team-building activities, increasing collaboration opportunities, and creating opportunities for social interaction
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The inflation rate in the UK is at the highest since 2008 and it is expected to rise further in the summer. In this context, discuss the issues associated with high inflation. Explain how monetary policy tools used by the Bank of England help to control inflation.
The tools used by the Bank of England, such as interest rate adjustments, open market operations, reserve requirements, and forward guidance, help to control inflation by managing the money supply, influencing borrowing costs, and shaping market expectations. These measures are designed to maintain price stability and support sustainable economic growth.
High inflation can lead to several issues in an economy. Firstly, it erodes the purchasing power of consumers' income, reducing their ability to afford goods and services. This can result in a decline in living standards and a decrease in consumer spending, which can negatively impact businesses and economic growth. Additionally, high inflation can create uncertainty and volatility in financial markets, making it difficult for businesses to plan and invest.
The Bank of England utilizes monetary policy tools to control inflation and maintain price stability. One such tool is adjusting the interest rate, which influences borrowing costs for businesses and consumers. By increasing interest rates, the central bank aims to reduce borrowing and spending, thereby slowing down the economy and curbing inflation. Conversely, lowering interest rates stimulates borrowing and spending, supporting economic activity during periods of low inflation or economic downturn.
Another tool used by the Bank of England is open market operations, which involves buying or selling government bonds to influence the money supply. By purchasing government bonds, the central bank injects money into the economy, stimulating spending and boosting inflation. On the other hand, selling government bonds reduces the money supply, curbing inflationary pressures.
The central bank also employs reserve requirements, which dictate the amount of cash that banks must hold as a proportion of their deposits. By increasing reserve requirements, the Bank of England can limit the amount of money available for lending, reducing spending and inflationary pressures.
Furthermore, the Bank of England employs forward guidance, which involves communicating its monetary policy intentions to influence market expectations. By providing clear guidance on future interest rate movements or policy actions, the central bank aims to shape market behavior and influence inflationary expectations.
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dividend on gazprom shares for 2018 were equal to 7.2 Rub. the shares price is 130 rub. what is the dividend yield?
The dividend yield for this shares would be 0.055.
How to calculate the dividend yieldTo calculate the dividend yield we would use the formula: Dividend per hsare /share price. According to the question, the dividend per share is 7.2 and the shares per price is 130.
Now we divide 7.2 by 130 to get 0.055. So, the dividend yield for the product in question is 0.055. The dividend yield is a metric that shows how much income an investor earns for every dollar invested in a share.
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The long-run aggregate supply curve shifts right if O a new mineral deposits are discovered, but not if more factories are built. O b. new mineral deposits are discovered, or if more factories are built O c. more factories are built, but not if new mineral deposits are discovered. O d. cither less natural resources are imported or some factories are destroyed. When the prices of vegetables rise as a result of inflation, Dina's Vegan Paradise needs to update the prices of its meals, which is costly. This better exemplifies the following O a Misa location of resources Ob Inconvenience costs O Menu costs Od Shoe leather costs
The answer to the first question is (a) new mineral deposits are discovered, but not if more factories are built. The long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) is a graphical representation of the relationship between the price level and the quantity of real GDP supplied.
It is determined by the quantity and quality of resources available and the level of technology. Changes in the supply of resources will shift the LRAS curve. LRAS shifts rightward when the quantity or quality of resources increases and leftward when the quantity or quality of resources decreases. For the second question, the answer is (c) Menu costs.
When the prices of vegetables rise as a result of inflation, Dina's Vegan Paradise needs to update the prices of its meals, which is costly. This is an example of menu costs. Menu costs are the costs of changing prices due to inflation or any other factor. When prices change due to inflation, businesses must update their prices, which costs money.
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bring out all of these for (walmart) 4.1 Break-Even Analysis
4.2 Sales Forecast
4.3 Expense Forecast
5.1 Implementation
5.2 Marketing Organization
5.3 Contingency Planning
Walmart utilizes several strategies and planning techniques to drive its business operations. These include break-even analysis, sales and expense forecasting, implementation, marketing organization, and contingency planning.
Walmart employs break-even analysis to determine the point at which its revenue covers all its costs, helping assess the profitability of its operations. This analysis aids in decision-making regarding pricing, cost control, and volume optimization. Sales forecasting is crucial for Walmart to estimate future sales volumes, identify market trends, and plan inventory and resource allocation effectively. Expense forecasting allows the company to estimate and plan its expenses, ensuring financial stability and efficient resource management.
Implementation involves executing strategic plans and initiatives effectively, such as expanding store locations, improving supply chain management, and enhancing customer service. Walmart's marketing organization involves structuring its marketing department, allocating resources, and developing marketing strategies to promote its products and services effectively.
Contingency planning is vital for Walmart to prepare for unforeseen events and mitigate risks. It involves identifying potential risks and developing strategies to respond to them, such as natural disasters, economic downturns, or supply chain disruptions. This helps ensure business continuity and minimize the impact of adverse events on operations.
Overall, Walmart utilizes these strategies and planning techniques to optimize its operations, enhance profitability, and maintain a competitive edge in the retail industry.
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(20) Which factors should be considered when forecasting direct materials purchases for the next month? O Projected beginning inventory, direct labor needs, and cost of goods sold O Cost of goods sold, total manufacturing overhead, and accounts payable O Desired beginning inventory, cash collection pattern, and cost of goods sold O Production needs, desired ending inventory, and amount of beginning inventory
When forecasting direct materials purchases for the next month, factors that should be considered include production needs, desired ending inventory, and the amount of beginning inventory.
The factors of production needs, desired ending inventory, and amount of beginning inventory are essential for accurately forecasting direct materials purchases. Production needs refer to the quantity of goods that need to be produced during the upcoming month. This factor helps determine the amount of raw materials required for manufacturing.
Desired ending inventory indicates the target level of finished goods inventory at the end of the month. It is important to consider this factor to ensure sufficient materials are purchased to meet the desired inventory level. Lastly, the amount of beginning inventory is the quantity of materials already available at the start of the month. Taking into account the beginning inventory helps in calculating the additional materials needed to fulfill production needs and achieve the desired ending inventory.
By considering these factors in the forecasting process, businesses can effectively plan their direct materials purchases, ensuring that they have an adequate supply of materials to meet production demands and maintain optimal inventory levels.
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Extrinsic evidence created after a written contract is created:
Group of answer choices
Is admissiable despite the parol evidence rule
Is inadmissible because of the parol evidence rule
Is inadmissible to prove what the contract should have said
can only be used if the contract is fully integrated
If a merchant fails to include an essential term when making an offer under Article 2 of the UCC, the offer could be:
Group of answer choices
Void
An offer because the UCC has gap filler provisions
A counteroffer
Illegal
To create an express warranty, a seller must:
Group of answer choices
Do nothing
Show a sample
Provide a written document outlining the warranty's terms
None of the above
A You Tube video purporting to establish the terms of a contract:
Group of answer choices
May be used to satisfy the statute of frauds under the UETA
Has no legal significance
Is defamatory
Is acceptable if created by a merchant
If you think a party to a contract will not perform on time and is anticipatorily repudiated, you must do which of the following:
Group of answer choices
Treat the contract as breached right now
Wait to see if performance is rendered
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
Specific performance is normally available as a remedy for a breach of contract when:
Group of answer choices
The contract involves the sale of real estate
The contract involves the sale of goods
The contract is for more than a year
The contract is illusory
To be liable for strict liability, you must:
Group of answer choices
Fail to take reasonable steps to protect the public
Engage in an ultrahazardous activity
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
Under Article 2 of the UCC, a merchant is:
Group of answer choices
Not allowed to make contracts
Someone who regularly deals in goods of the kind if he has specialized knowledge concerning the goods
Someone who may be subject to special rules under the UCC
Someone who cannot create an option contract
To sue for retaliaion, an employee must demonstrate she:
Group of answer choices
Suffered discrimination
Participated in a Title VII activity
Filed a complaint of discrimination with the EEOC
Was treated differently than a similarly situated employee
To have subject matter jurisdiction in federal court under the federal question path, the lawsuit must:
Group of answer choices
Be for more than $75,000
Brought by a plaintiff in a state different from the home of the defendant
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
To have as security interest attach to the proceeds of a sale of collateral, a secured party must:
Group of answer choices
File a new financing statement listing the proceeds as collateral
Take possession of the proceeds
Have the debtor agree to the attachment of the security interest to the proceeds
To have a security interest attach to the proceeds of a sale of collateral, a secured party must file a new financing statement listing the proceeds as collateral.
Extrinsic evidence created after a written contract is created: Is inadmissible because of the parol evidence rule. If a merchant fails to include an essential term when making an offer under Article 2 of the UCC, the offer could be an offer because the UCC has gap-filler provisions.To create an express warranty, a seller must provide a written document outlining the warranty's terms.A You Tube video purporting to establish the terms of a contract has no legal significance. If you think a party to a contract will not perform on time and is anticipatorily repudiated, you must treat the contract as breached right now. Specific performance is normally available as a remedy for a breach of contract when the contract involves the sale of real estate.To be liable for strict liability, you must engage in an ultrahazardous activity. Under Article 2 of the UCC, a merchant is someone who regularly deals in goods of the kind if he has specialized knowledge concerning the goods. To sue for retaliation, an employee must demonstrate she participated in a Title VII activity. To have subject matter jurisdiction in federal court under the federal question path, the lawsuit must be brought by a plaintiff in a state different from the home of the defendant. To have a security interest attach to the proceeds of a sale of collateral, a secured party must file a new financing statement listing the proceeds as collateral.
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A ________________________is an administrative arrangement used by financial institutions that quarantines information within one part of the institution and prevents information possessed by persons in one part of the organisation from being passed on to persons in other parts of the organisation.
A Chinese Wall is an administrative arrangement used by financial institutions that quarantines information within one part of the institution and prevents information possessed by persons in one part of the organization from being passed on to persons in other parts of the organization.
The term Chinese Wall refers to a virtual or legal boundary created by a firm or an institution to separate its business practices and operations in order to prevent conflict of interest, misuse of sensitive information, and insider trading from taking place.
A Chinese Wall is typically constructed inside large financial institutions that have many departments and business practices, such as banks and investment firms.
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Joseph is a freshman at Home State University in 2015. His parents paid $10,000 this year for his tuition. If their AGI for 2015 is $75,000, they may claim a tuition and fees deduction for $4,000, which will disqualify them from claiming a Hope tax credit for part of the remaining expenses.
True False
False. The information provided suggests that Joseph's parents may claim a tuition and fees deduction of $4,000.
However, claiming this deduction does not disqualify them from claiming the Hope tax credit. The tuition and fees deduction and the Hope tax credit are separate and independent tax benefits.
Parents can claim either the tuition and fees deduction or the Hope tax credit, but not both for the same qualified education expenses in a given tax year. They can compare the benefits of both options and choose the one that provides the most advantageous tax outcome.
Therefore, claiming the tuition and fees deduction does not automatically disqualify them from claiming the Hope tax credit. They can still evaluate whether they meet the eligibility requirements for the Hope tax credit and choose the tax benefit that suits them best.
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Motor A Initial Investment 1,250,000 1,300,000 100Hp Horse Power 100Hp Efficiency 74% 92% Useful Life 10 years 10 years MARR 15% 15% Maintenance Cost/year 50,000 25,000 Electrical cost 5/Kwh 5/Kwh Tax & Insurance cost/year 1% of initial Investment A. How many hours per year would be motors have to be operated so that annual cost will equal? B. If the motor have to be operated 500 hrs/year, which motor will you select?
A.Hours per year each motor should be operated to break even is 0.75 * 1000 = 750 hours per year.
B. if the motor has to be operated 500 hrs/year, Motor B will be selected as it has a lower annual cost.
A. How many hours per year would be motors have to be operated so that annual cost will equal?
The annual cost of each motor can be calculated using the following formula,Annual Cost = Initial Investment (A/P,i,n) + Maintenance cost per year (A/F, i, n) + Tax & Insurance cost per year
Here,A = Initial Investment i = Interest rate n = Number of years
In order to calculate the hours per year for both motors to break even, we can set the annual costs equal to each other. Motor A:Annual Cost = 1250000 (A/P,15%,10) + 50000 (A/F,15%,10) + 0.01 * 1250000 = $380105.97
Motor B:Annual Cost = 1300000 (A/P,15%,10) + 25000 (A/F,15%,10) + 0.01 * 1300000 = $381904.03
Therefore, the motors will have to be operated for the same number of hours per year so that annual cost will equal. Hence,Let "H" be the number of hours each motor should be operated to break even.
Therefore, we can set the annual costs equal to each other and solve for "H".1250000 (A/P,15%,10) + 50000 (A/F,15%,10) + 0.01 * 1250000 = 1300000 (A/P,15%,10) + 25000 (A/F,15%,10) + 0.01 * 1300000A/P,15%,10 * (1250000 - 1300000) = -200000 + 25000A/P,15%,10 = 0.004166666666666667A/F,15%,10 * 50000 = 25000 - 0.01 * 1250000A/F,15%,10 = 0.75
Hence,Hours per year each motor should be operated to break even is 0.75 * 1000 = 750 hours per year.
B. If the motor have to be operated 500 hrs/year, which motor will you select?
The electricity cost for both motors is the same at $5/Kwh. Hence, we only need to compare the annual cost of each motor.Using the formula for annual cost of Motor A, we get:
Annual Cost = 1250000 (A/P,15%,10) + 50000 (A/F,15%,10) + 0.01 * 1250000 + (100 / 0.74) * 500 * 5 = $444819.26
Using the formula for annual cost of Motor B, we get:
Annual Cost = 1300000 (A/P,15%,10) + 25000 (A/F,15%,10) + 0.01 * 1300000 + (100 / 0.92) * 500 * 5 = $422193.68
Therefore, if the motor has to be operated 500 hrs/year, Motor B will be selected as it has a lower annual cost.
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If firms are unable to lower prices because of a legally mandated price floor: a quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded b.firms are better off (higher profits) at the expense of consumers. c.consumers will decrease their demand due to the high prices d. firms will often compete by offering higher-quality goods than consumers are willing to pay for
If firms are unable to lower prices because of a legally mandated price floor, then the quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded.The price floor is the minimum price at which a commodity or service can be sold legally.
It's usually enforced by a government or regulatory body and is used to guarantee that producers of a commodity or service receive a minimum level of compensation for their efforts.There are many possible effects of a price floor on a market, including a surplus of goods, price increases, and changes in production, among others. If firms are unable to reduce prices due to a legally imposed price floor, the quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded. The price floor has forced the market to pay a higher price than it would have otherwise, causing supply to outstrip demand since there is little incentive for sellers to reduce prices. This will eventually lead to a surplus of unsold products or services.Above all, a price floor is expected to increase prices. As a result, buyers are less likely to purchase as much of a product, resulting in less quantity sold. Hence, the answer is "If firms are unable to lower prices because of a legally mandated price floor, a quantity supplied will be less than quantity demanded."
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