Suppose you are involved in a project studying a population of Dalea purpurea (purple prairie clover), a diploid, bee pollinated plant growing at Cayler Prairie in NW Iowa. You collect a sample from 100 individuals and assay DNA sequence variation at the apetala locus, which controls floral morphology. You find two distinct sequences: L and S. Individuals that are LL have very large petals, LS plants have medium sized petals, and SS plants have small petals. Your sample of plants yields the following observed and Hardy-Weinberg expected (HWE) genotypic counts:.Genotype: Observed Counts: HWE Counts:LL 14 9LS 32 42SS 54 49a. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, giving no indication of the preferences of the bees.b. LS heterozygotes are favored due to hybrid vigor.c. Bees are preferentially visiting smaller flowers resulting in a reproductive advantage for plants with smaller petals.d. LL genotype plants have a reproductive advantage due to their larger flowers.e. Bees preferentially cross-pollinate flowers of the same size (like size mating with like) resulting in inbreeding with respect to genotypes at the apetala locus.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Option E

Explanation:

Bees preferentially cross-pollinate flowers of the same size (like size mating with like) resulting in inbreeding with respect to genotypes at the apetala locus.

Inbreeding increases the frequency of homozygousity and deviates from the assumptions of the hardy Weinberg's principle


Related Questions

Which enzyme help to lose weight ??

Answers

Answer:

Digestive enzymes

Explanation:

Digestive enzymes  are substances that helpbreak down macronutrients into smaller compounds to promote their absorption.

Bacteria are known to change the kinds of fatty acids they produce as the temperature of their environment changes. What types of changes in membrane fatty acids would you expect as the temperature drops? Why?

Answers

Answer:

Bacteria has the ability to adapat according to the changes in the temperature. Bacteria has fatty acid cell membrane and can alter its composition to adapt the changes in temperature.

When the temperature drops, changes in the fatty acid membrane of bacteria are as following:

cell membrane become rigid and limit the flow of nutrients or decrease membrane fluidity.High concentrate of unsaturated fatty acids starts producing in order to fulfil the limited acitivity.

Optimal temperature is required for the growth of bacteria, that is why bacteria changes cell membrane composition. If the nutrients flow will not be limited then it can affect the internal cells of the bacteria and it will not be able to survive inthe extreme conditions.

Hence, bacteria adapt according to the extreme temperature.

What is a possible benefit of studying plants in the rainforest? 1) The Plants may hold medicines to treat human diseases - 2) The plants may produce need it carbon dioxide - 3) The plants may be cut down and sold in floral shops - 4) The Plants may make Toxins for human consumption

Answers

Answer: The plants may produce needed carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

This is the only benefit as medicine needs to be found, they won't be cut down, and they do take in toxins but it does not affect the study

Some animals that try to adapt to climate changes eventually die due to starvation, as climate change alters the

Answers

Answer:many have gone into extinction because of climate change  

Explanation:

Answer:

food web

Explanation:

edmentum/plato.

Help me with this science problem please!

Answers

Answer i am not sure but pls i need points really fast

Explanation:

The false statement should be C ( the third one) because everything else makes sense

someone suggested that everything to be sent to the base on moon must be sterilized so that no bacteria of any kind are present.
Do you thing this is a good idea?

Answers

Answer:

yeah probably

choose the correct. I will mark you brainliest.

Answers

Answer:

option b i.e. moth oesophagus,stomach,small intestine, large intestine , anus

Explanation:

please follow me.....

Humans have pores in their skin to sweat and cool off the body. Plants have similar structures called _____.
· pores
· tendrils
· stomata
· receptacles

Answers

Answer:

Stomata

Explanation:

Stomata are tiny pores in plant tissue that allow gas exchange, it can be found on the leaves of plants and sometimes the stems, the stomata are surrounded by guard cells which open and close the stomatal pores

Stomata is correct good luck on your test

Which scientists used the word cell for the structure he observed when he examined a piece of cork under microscope

Answers

Answer:

Rober hook.

Explanation:

which band is defined by length of thick filament?​

Answers

Answer:

sarcomeres which are made of bipolar from the lab experiment

Consider a locus with two alleles, A1 and A2. Mutation happens at this locus, but in a way such that A1 mutates to A2 with probability u and A2 mutates to A1 with probability v. If u = v (and neither of them = 0), the equilibrium frequency of the A1 is expected to be [Hint: set u and v to specific numbers that are equal to see what happens]:

Answers

Answer:

The equilibrium frequency of the A1 (p = v/(u+v)) is expected to be equal to the equilibrium frequency of the A2 (q = 1 - p)

Explanation:

Available data:

Locus with two alleles, A1 and A2The probability of A1 mutating to A2 is P(A1->A2)=uThe probability of A2 mutating to A1 is P(A2->A1)=vV=Unor V or U is equal to cerop is the frequency for A1 and q is the frequency of A2.

The equilibrium frequency of the A1 is expected to be p = v/(u+v)

The equilibrium frequency of the A2 is expected to be q=1-p=1 - (v/(u+v))

For example, if V = U = 0.005, then

p = 0.005/(0.005+0.005) = 0.005/0.01 = 0.5q = 1-p = 1-0.5 = 0.5  

The equilibrium frequency of A1 = The equilibrium frequency of A2. The rate of mutation is equal for both alleles.

Select all that apply.

If you wanted to try and identify or classify archaea or eubacteria, you would _____

Answers

Since the options are not given, the question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:

Select all that apply.

If you wanted to try and identify or classify archaea or eubacteria, you would _____

study their habitat

study their genetic make-up

study their shape and arrangement

conduct Gram staining

study how they gain energy and nutrients

study how they move

Answer: study their habitat

study their genetic make-up

conduct Gram staining

Explanation:

Study their habitat: The members of domain Archea can be identified easily as these organisms are thermophiles and halophiles which means they can be found in extreme heat and extreme saline conditions. Eubacteria are prokaryotic organisms that can be found everywhere on planet Earth.

Study their genetic make-up: Although the members of domain Archea and domain Eubacteria are prokaryotes but they can be identified as separate organisms through their genetic-make up.

Conduct Gram staining: The cell membranes of the Archea do not possess peptidoglycan thus they take up the gram negative stain. The eubacteria may take up gram positive or gram negative stain.

What is the "sugar code"? the differential expression of lectins across tissues the set of oligosaccharides present on the surface of a cell the genes encoding the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes the distribution of glucose transporters across cell types

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer to the following question will be Option A.

Explanation:

This kind of writing code would have been referred to this as the glycode resp. Code of sugar. This requires a powerful knowledge pool that could be represented by carbohydrate frameworks.Sugar code is found on the surface of the cell membrane throughout the presence or formation of glycoprotein.  Glycoproteins provide oligosaccharide covering their substrate or layer or, according to the above, they fulfill their duties.

Other given choices are not related to the given scenario. So that option A seems to be the right answer.

pls help answer the questions if you do not know all the question answer the ones you know ​

Answers

Answer:

1. A physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge

3. north and south poles

4.no

5.yes

Does anybody know this answer

Answers

Answer:

B. 10

Explanation:

300/30=10

The magnetic field lines of a magnet spread out from theand re-enter the magnet at the.

Answers

Answer:

north pole, south pole

Explanation:

Answer:

NORTH SOUTH

Explanation:

In terms of its tissue classification, blood is classified as a ____(1)______tissue because it’s extracellular matrix determines its function. Blood is composed of living blood cells, called formed substances, suspended in a nonliving fluid matrix called ___(2)________. The "fibers" of blood only become visible during ______(3)____________.

Answers

Answer:

1. In terms of its tissue classification, blood is classified as a Connective Tissue because it’s extracellular matrix determines its function.

2. Blood is composed of living blood cells, called formed substances, suspended in a nonliving fluid matrix called Plasma

3. The "fibers" of blood only become visible during blood clotting.

i hope it's right

Explanation:

1.  Blood is classified as connective tissue because it has living blood cells

2. Blood is a specialized type of connective tissue in which living blood cells, called the formed elements, are suspended in a nonliving fluid matrix called plasma

3. BLOOD: It is considered a connective tissue, because it consists of blood cells surrounded by a nonliving fluid matrix called blood plasma. It is the most atypical connective tissue: the fibers of blood are soluble protein molecules that become visible during blood clotting

The spinal cord is most important for: Group of answer choices Production of routine behaviors, such as walking Voluntary behaviors such as reaching for a pencil Regulatory behaviors, such as maintaining body temperature Receiving sensory information and carrying commands to muscles

Answers

Answer:

Receiving sensory information and carrying commands to the muscles.

Explanation:

The spinal cord serves as the transmission conduit  for the passage of action potential as sensory information through the sensory/afferent neurons to the dorsal roots of the spinal cord.The information  synapse with the inter neurons,branching off to the brain and emerged as the  response through the motor/efferent neurons to the effectors(muscles).

This pathways is called reflex arc. Thus most of the involuntary action of the body is conducted through the spinal cord

Answer:

Explanation:

Spinal cord is made of tissue and it runs from the medulla oblongata in the brain to the vertebral column in the lumbar region.

Functions

Receiving sensory information and carrying commands to muscles

They receive sense of body movement through receptors which then travels along the spinal cord.

They also transmit information through impulses to the brain using the nerves cells this include pain and pressure.

They also control voluntary and involuntary movement such as walking neurons that controls voluntary actions passes through the spinal cord.

Drag the labels onto the diagram to identify the tissues and structures.
Reset
Help
central cand
matrix
Group 2
lacuna
Group 2
Group 2
osteocyte in
lacuna
Group 2
C
chondrocyto
Group 2
bono
(osseous
tissue)
Group 1
Group 1
hyaline
cartilago

Answers

Answer: See image

Explanation:

Cartilage is composed of chondrocytes and chondroblasts, immersed into the extracellular matrix. When the tissue is fixated, lacunae are also visible.

Bone formation involves osteoprogenitor cells, osteoclasts, osteocytes in lacunae, osteoblasts, extracellular matrix, and central ducts.    

---------------------------------------------------------

Cartilage and bone are two specialized types of connective tissues.

Cartilage cells are

Chondrocytes → placed in small places of extracellular matrix with collagen fibers.Chondroblasts → are in charge of the extracellular matrix formation.

When fixating a piece of tissue, the cells shrink by cytoplasm retraction, leaving a space between the cell and the extracellular matrix. This space is known as lacune or condroplast.

Once the chondroblast secreted the extracellular matrix, they turn less active, becoming Chondrocytes. These cells are bigger-sized and ovoid-shaped. Central chondrocytes arrange in small groups.

Cartilage does not have vessels, so cells nourish through nutrients that diffuse through the matrix.

Cartilage extracellular matrix is composed of fibrous proteins that provide stability -Type II collagen- and deformation resistance -GAGs-. This tissue is rigid but provides flexible support to specific regions. It places in areas where there is constant and direct compression. It is also involved in the endochondral ossification process.

Bone tissue differentiates from other tissues because of the mineralized extracellular matrix. This tissue provides support and protection due to the rigidity and hardness of the matrix. The bone cells are:

OsteocytesOsteoprogenitores → in charge of osteoblasts productionOsteoblasts → Synthesize and secrete osteoid matrix that will later calcifyOsteoclasts → Phagocytic cells in charge of osseous resorption and bone modulation.

Among the matrix, there are spaces called lacunae. Each lacuna contains an osteocyte.

Osteoprogenitor cells produce osteoblast cells. When the extracellular matrix mineralizes, some of the osteoblasts get trapped in lacunae and turn into osteocytes. Nexus union canaliculus joint trapped osteoblasts and osteocytes.

In compact tissue, the bony matrix is arranged into concentric superposed laminae, with lacunae and osteocytes can be found in between. These laminae are arranged around a central longitudinal canal. The whole unit -matrix, lacunae, and canal- compose the osteone.

----------------------------------------------------

Related link: https://brainly.com/question/12908350?referrer=searchResults

Topic: Human Impact on the Environment
Deforestation
Deforestation is viewed as a problem in the
world today. Describe a cause and an effect of
deforestation and a way to lessen this effect.
In your answer, be sure to:
1. State one reason deforestation is occurring.
Add text here!
2. State one environmental problem that results from widespread deforestation.
Add text here!
3. State one way to lessen the effects of deforestation, other than planting trees.
Add text here!

Answers

1) One reason why deforestation is occuring because people need wood from  trees to build things, therefore, leading them to cuting countless of trees.

2) One environmental problem that results from widespread deforestation is that the carbon dioxide they would normally use remains in the atmosphere, therefore, promoting erosion.

3) One way to lessen the effects of deforestation is by re-planting the cut-down trees and by cutting down less trees.

What is the most common reaction to flowers when haveing allergies ?​

Answers

Answer:

Sneezing, coughing, dry nose and stuffy nose

Imagine that there is a direct correlation between feeding efficiency and reproduction (the more resources you can gather, the more offspring you can produce), and that feeding apparatus is heritable (that is, it can reliably be passed from parents to offspring). If there were a population that started out with equal proportions of individuals with each of the three feeding types, would the frequency of each type increase, decrease, or stay about the same in the next

Answers

Answer:

bsgshdgehehhfhgxtctfyfbfgjfjbxjf

Explanation:

njdjdjsndjdhdhdj

Over abundance of nutrients in the water is most likely to cause harm to which group of organisms?

A. Any organism that uses calcium carbonate to build support or protection.

B. Top tier predators that eat a lot of smaller fish

C. All organisms because it creates giant dead zones where nothing can survive.

D. Human populations through sea level rise

Answers

Answer:

Option-C

Explanation:

The flow of nutrients from the sewage and industries is the cause of the nutrient pollution in water bodies. These chemicals get accumulated in the water bodies affecting the aquatic ecosystem to a very large extent.

The increased level of nitrogen and phosphorus causes eutrophication which is also known as algal-boom. These nutrients cause the massive growth of algae which decreases the oxygen level of the water bodies. This increases BOD level of the water bodies which does not allow the growth of other aquatic species.  

As a result of this, the dead zones are created where nothing can survive and therefore is the correct answer.

Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.

1.Different protists use cilia, _______, or pseudopodia to move.
2.Green algae are closely related to plants, and _______ is what gives them their green color.
3.Protists in the genus plasmodium must live in host cells and harm their host cells, providing an example of a _______ relationship.
4..Why have scientists recently rejected classifying protists in their own kingdom?
5..What are the three main ways that protists can move?
6.The eukaryote that causes red tide is known as what?
7.The organisms that push carbon to the bottom of the ocean are known as what? Why is this important to the ecosystem?
8.How is the endosymbiotic theory used to support the emergence of Eukaryota?

Answers

Answer:

flagella

chlorophyll

parasitic

Scientists have recently rejected "Protista" as a kingdom because as evolutionary and molecular knowledge continues to increase, the relationships among organisms are strengthened that weren't previously considered. It continues to be found that many protists don't share common ancestry with other protists that don't exclude other groups, such as plants, animals, and fungi. Protists had been previously classified through what they are not: plants, fungi, or animals. They share no characteristics that aren't also shared by "nonprotists."

The three main ways protists can move are through cilia, flagella, and pseudopods. All of these structures help protists to move in different ways through their environment.

The eukaryote that causes red tide is known as a dinoflagellate.

The eukaryotes that push carbon to the bottom of the ocean are known as diatoms. This is important to the ecosystem because it lowers the overall carbon dioxide levels in the air and buries the carbon deep in the sea.

The endosymbiotic theory posits that eukaryotes emerged when one or more prokaryotic cells ingested another prokaryotic cell, leading to the eventual eukaryotic cell.

Explanation:

Answer:

1. flagella

2. chlorophyll

3. parasitic

4. Scientists have recently rejected "Protista" as a kingdom because as evolutionary and molecular knowledge continues to increase, the relationships among organisms are strengthened that weren't previously considered. It continues to be found that many protists don't share common ancestry with other protists that don't exclude other groups, such as plants, animals, and fungi. Protists had been previously classified through what they are not: plants, fungi, or animals. They share no characteristics that aren't also shared by "nonprotists."

5. The three main ways protists can move are through cilia, flagella, and pseudopods. All of these structures help protists to move in different ways through their environment.

6. The eukaryote that causes red tide is known as a dinoflagellate.

7.The eukaryotes that push carbon to the bottom of the ocean are known as diatoms. This is important to the ecosystem because it lowers the overall carbon dioxide levels in the air and buries the carbon deep in the sea.

8.The endosymbiotic theory posits that eukaryotes emerged when one or more prokaryotic cells ingested another prokaryotic cell, leading to the eventual eukaryotic cell.

Explanation:

Genetic analysis identified a 10 kb segment of human DNA that correlated to a protein-encoded disease phenotype. How would you use at least three methods to identify the 1 nucleotide in this 10 kb that is responsible for the disease phenotype? Note that there are on average ~8 nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 kb. You do have family members, model organisms, and a biochemical assay available to you.

Answers

Explanation:

In the given question, the DNA segment of human can be sequenced or analysed through three processes:

2. DNA sequencing: DNA sequencing is the method by which the sequence of the nucleotides which are adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine are sequenced in the correct order.

1. DNA probes: probes are synthesised nucleotide sequence which binds to specific sites of DNA. Since these probes are complementary to the specific region therefore the DNA polymorphic sequence can be sequenced.  

3. Polymerase chain reaction: PCR is the technique which can amplify or replicate the DNA sequence but this involves the isolation of specific DNA sequence.

what is the purpose of the proper handeling of experimental subjects

Answers

Answer:

so you won't get hurt and you'll be more cautious??

Answer:

to ensure that good and reliable data are collected. The proper handling of the experimental subject is to ensure the hypothesis is shown correct

Describe the animals and vegetation that you see in the different climate zones.

Answers

Answer:

Explaining Below V

Explanation:

There are 5 different kinds of climates globally.

Tropical

Dry

Temperate

Continental

Polar

Tropical climates are very hot and humid. There's lots of rain (estimated around 59-60 inches per year). The average temperature tends to be over 60°F or 18°C. Plants you can find are incredibly diverse in both plants and animals. You can find animals such as monkeys, parrots, anacondas, jaguars, tigers, and many more. The tropics have the greatest plant diversity on the planet. The climate generally is centered around the equator.

Dry climates are generally very warm and dry. Humidity is very unlikely as everything is mostly dry heat. There's very little precipitation. Dry climates usually consist of deserts (Fe: Sahara desert). Plants such as cacti, succulents, wildflowers, and small trees, shrubs, and grasses. Animals can vary from things such as tarantulas, rattlesnakes, foxes (only some), camels, and rabbits. Depending on the desert, the heat can shoot up past 100°F while being frigid at night.

Temperate climates are generally warm summers with storms and mild winters. Plants can range from owls, raccoons, sparrows, meadowlarks, deer, and occasionally bears. This climate fluctuates the most in temperature compared to other climates. Plants can range from things like clover plants to a common bean.

Continental climates have mediocre summers with very cold winters. In the winter, snowstorms and strong winds are most likely. Sometimes, the temperature can drop below -22°F. Plants can range from Lavender and fern to Carolina Lupine and Silver maples. Animals can consist of squirrels, chipmunks, prairie dogs, skunks, and raccoons.

Polar climates are frigid. Its cold year round. There's animals such as polar bears, foxes, wolves, and caribou. Plants can vary from Tundra moss to Arctic Willow. Plants are generally smaller and are more like tiny shrubs.

Hope this helps.

Which phenomenon does not require the air temperature to be at 0°C? A. ice crystal formation B. hail C. cloud formation D. sleet E. snow

Answers

Answer:

B. hail

Explanation:


What is the scientific process?

Answers

Explanation:

The scientific process is supposed to be something like ...

make observationsformulate a theory that explains the observationsuse the theory to formulate experiments and predict expected additional observationsseek to determine if the predictions are correct, especially seeking out data that might show otherwisemodify the theory as needed to explain all observations and data

At any point, the observations and theories can be published for critique by other observers, experimenters, and scientists.

The theory should be sufficiently defined so that it is possible to differentiate a relevant experiment or observation from one that is irrelevant. Similarly, every effort should be made to separate causality from correlation, and to identify or rule out alternate causes or additional causes from the one(s) theorized. Experiments should be sufficiently well-defined so that they can be reproduced.

__

Additional comment

These days, a common error is to ignore or discount observations that don't agree with accepted theory, including observations by "lay persons." Such "scientists" fail to remember that science is only advanced by attempting to explain the unexplained.

Answer:

A formal method used to answer scientific questions

Explanation:

A P E X

The chemical equation below summarizes cellular respiration. 6O2 + C6H12O6 à 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy The energy that is released by cellular respiration is in the form of dark energy. solar energy. nuclear energy. chemical energy.

Answers

Summary. Cellular respiration is the aerobic process by which living cells break down glucose molecules, release energy, and form molecules of ATP. Overall, this three-stage process involves glucose and oxygen reacting to form carbon dioxide and water

Answer:

chemical energy

Explanation:

Other Questions
The cost to purchase a movie from MovieTime is $3.00 per movie as well as a $10.00membership fee. To purchase a movie fromMovie City, the membership fee is $30.00 andevery downloaded movie is $2.00. How manydownloaded movies must be purchased forthe monthly price to be the same? A lighthouse is located on a small island 2 km away from the nearest point P on a straight shoreline and its light makes 9 revolutions per minute. How fast is the beam of light moving along the shoreline when it is 1 km from P ? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) In what part of the day do plants produce more carbon dioxide and oxygen The life time of a certain brand of bulbs produced by a company is normally distributed, with mean 210 hours and standard deviation 56 hours.what is the probability that a bulb picked at random from this company product will have a life time of at least 300 hours? What is the chemical formula for a compound between Al and F? AlF AlF 3 AlF 2 Al 3F An art teacher needs to buy at least 60 brushes for her class. The brushes are sold in packs of 8. In which inequality does n represent the minimum number of packs the teacher needs to buy for her class? On June 30, Year 7, King Co. had outstanding 9%, $5,000,000 face value bonds maturing on June 30, Year 9. Interest was payable semiannually every June 30 and December 31. On June 30, Year 7, after amortization was recorded for the period, the unamortized bond premium was $30,000. On that date, King acquired all its outstanding bonds on the open market at 93 and retired them. At June 30, Year 7, what amount should King recognize as gain before income taxes on redemption of bonds Why were colonists in New England angry at King James II and GovernorEdmund Andros of New England? Replace Equipment A machine with a book value of $80,000 has an estimated five-year life. A proposal is offered to sell the old machine for $50,500 and replace it with a new machine at a cost of $75,000. The new machine has a five-year life with no residual value. The new machine would reduce annual direct labor costs from $11,200 to $7,400. a. Prepare a differential analysis dated April 11 on whether to continue with the old machine (Alternative 1) or replace the old machine (Alternative 2). If an amount is zero, enter "0". Use a minus sign to indicate subtracted or negative numbers or a loss. Differential Analysis Continue with Old Machine (Alt. 1) or Replace Old Machine (Alt. 2) April 11 Continue with Old Machine (Alternative 1) Replace Old Machine (Alternative 2) Differential Effect on Income (Alternative 2) Revenues: Proceeds from sale of old machine $ $ $ Costs: Purchase price Direct labor (5 years) Income (Loss) $ $ $ b. Should the company continue with the old machine (Alternative 1) or replace the old machine (Alternative 2) The area of the parallelogram is 56 cm2. True or false Solve for p6 = 3 + 3pP= 617181991TH!How many triangles do you see in the diagram?Complete the explanationThere aresmall triangles.There areThere areThere istriangles made of 2 triangles and 1 rhombus.triangles made of 3 triangles and 3 rhombusestriangle made of 4 triangles and 6 rhombuses.large outer triangletriangles in allLastly, there isThere are Q2. Fill in the blanks:North Pole of a magnet will....... North pole of another magnet.South Pole of a magnet will.North pole of a another magnet.Needle of a compass lines up with the......of a magnet.You can find the shape of a magnetic field using.............. and also a plotting. A positively-charged particle is released near the positive plate of a parallel plate capacitor. a. Describe its path after it is released and explain how you know. b. If work is done on the particle after its release, is the work positive or negative Complete the rule:positive + negative - Emily studies 40 minutes after lunch for a science exam. She studies x more minutes that evening. Enter an equation that represents the total number of minutes, y, Emily studies for the science exam. ANSWER FAST!!Which contributions did Robert Kennedy make to the United States before his assassination? Check all that apply.He supported civil rights.He opposed the war in Vietnam.He served as vice president.He was a unifying leader.He was a candidate for president. List the 1st Energy Providing Nutrient Humans are the only animals capable of communication.Please select the best answer from the choices providedOTOF What were the first microblogs known as?OA. tumblelogsO B. livecastsOC. wordpowerO D. textcasts