To calculate the value of Sora's stock based on the given information, we need to determine the present value of its projected free cash flows (FCFs) and the terminal value.
Outstanding shares: 66 millioDebt: $120 millionCash: $58 millioProjected FCFs for the next four years: Not providedSince the projected FCFs for the next four years are not provided, it is not possible to calculate the exact value of Sora's stock based on this information. However, if the projected FCFs for the next four years were provided, we could discount them to their present value using the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of 12.0%. We would also need to estimate the terminal value beyond year 4, assuming a 5.6% growth rate, and discount it to its present value. The sum of the present values of the FCFs and the terminal value would give us an estimate of Sora's stock value.b) If Sora's cost of goods sold (COGS) increases from 67% to 70% of sales, the estimate of the stock's value would likely decrease. A higher COGS percentage reduces the profitability of the company, resulting in lower free cash flows. Lower free cash flows would lead to a lower estimate of the stock's value.c) If Sora reduces its selling, general, and administrative expenses (SG&A) from 20% to 16% of sales while maintaining a COGS of 67%, it would likely improve its profitability. Lower SG&A expenses increase the company's net income and, subsequently, its free cash flows. Higher free cash flows would lead to a higher estimate of the stock's value.d) If Sora can reduce its net working capital needs from 18% to 12% of sales starting in year 1, it would have a significant impact on its free cash flows. Reducing net working capital needs means that Sora would require less capital tied up in current assets (e.g., inventory, accounts receivable). This reduction would result in higher free cash flows, leading to a higher estimate of the stock's value. However, without the specific projected FCFs, it is not possible to provide an exact estimate of Sora's stock price in this scenario.
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Info Systems Technology (IST) manufactures microprocessor chips for use in appliances and other applications. IST has no debt and 50 million shares outstanding. The correct price for these shares is either $14.25 or $11.25 per share. Investors view both possibilities as equally likely, so the shares currently trade for $12.75. IST must raise $400 million to build a new production facility. Because the firm would suffer a large loss of both customers and engineering talent in the event of financial distress, managers believe that if IST borrows the $400 million, the present value of financial distress costs will exceed any tax benefits by $15 million. At the same time, because investors believe that managers know the correct share price, IST faces a lemons problem if it attempts to raise the $400 million by issuing equity. a. Suppose that if IST issues equity, the share price will remain at $12.75. To maximize the long-term share price of the firm once its true value is known, would managers choose to issue equity or borrow the $400 million if 1. They know the correct value of the shares is $11.25? ii. They know the correct value of the shares is $14.25? b. Given your answer to part (a), what should investors conclude if IST issues equity? What will happen to the share price? c. Given your answer to part (a), what should investors conclude if IST issues debt? What will happen to the share price in that case? d. How would your answers change if there were no distress costs, but only tax benefits of leverage?
(a)If managers know the correct value of the shares is $11.25, they would choose to issue equity and if the correct value of the shares is $14.25, they would choose to borrow the $400 million. (b) Investors should conclude that the share price would likely decline to reflect the lower true value. (c) Share price would likely increase to align with the higher true value. (d) If there were no distress costs but only tax benefits of leverage, the managers would choose to borrow the $400 million regardless of the knowledge of the correct share value.
a. If managers know the correct value of the shares is $11.25, they would choose to issue equity. By issuing equity at a higher price ($12.75), they can raise the required funds while avoiding the lemons problem associated with the true value of the shares being lower than the market price.
If managers know the correct value of the shares is $14.25, they would choose to borrow the $400 million. By borrowing, they can avoid the lemons problem that would arise from issuing equity at a lower price ($12.75).
b. If IST issues equity, investors should conclude that the true value of the shares is likely lower than the market price ($12.75). As a result, the share price would likely decline to reflect the lower true value.
c. If IST issues debt, investors should conclude that the true value of the shares is likely higher than the market price ($12.75). In this case, the share price would likely increase to align with the higher true value.
d. If there were no distress costs but only tax benefits of leverage, the managers would choose to borrow the $400 million regardless of the knowledge of the correct share value. This is because the tax benefits of leverage would outweigh any potential negative implications, and borrowing would be the preferred option.
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world oil prices quadrupled in the mid-1970s because of the group of member countries acting as an oil cartel and controlling oil supplies.
That is correct. The group of member countries referred to in the statement is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). OPEC is an international cartel composed of several major oil-producing countries.
In the mid-1970s, OPEC implemented a series of oil embargoes and production cuts, leading to a significant reduction in global oil supplies.
The primary reason behind OPEC's actions was a combination of political and economic factors. OPEC aimed to assert its influence and gain greater control over oil prices and profits. Additionally, OPEC member countries sought to address what they perceived as unfavorable political and economic conditions, particularly in relation to their oil exports.
By reducing oil supplies, OPEC effectively created an artificial scarcity, causing a surge in oil prices. The quadrupling of oil prices had far-reaching impacts on the global economy, leading to inflation, energy crises, and economic recessions in various countries heavily reliant on oil imports.
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The CEO of the Widget Company did not meet his performance metrics for three consecutive quarters. While still under contract, the Board of Directors decided to terminate the CEO's employment contract. The CEO was angry and felt the decision was unfair. Which executive compensation agreement would be appropriate in such circumstances? red carpet plan platinum parachute executive bail-out golden parachute In the U. S, when considering total compensation, one can add approximately what percent to account for non-economic benefits to the base salary and wages? 25 15 20 30 Which is an example of a "base" compensation? medical insurance tuition reimbursement daycare assistance O monthly salary
1. Golden parachute executive compensation agreement would be appropriate in such circumstances. Option d is correct. 2. 25 account for non-economic benefits to the base salary and wages. Option a is correct. 3. Monthly salary is an example of a "base" compensation. Option d is correct.
In the given scenario, where the CEO's employment contract is terminated due to not meeting performance metrics, the appropriate executive compensation agreement would be a "golden parachute." A golden parachute is a financial arrangement that provides substantial benefits to executives in the event of a termination or change in control of the company. Option d is correct
When considering total compensation in the U.S., it is common to add approximately 25% to the base salary and wages to account for non-economic benefits such as bonuses, stock options, retirement contributions, and other perks. Option a is correct
Among the options listed, a monthly salary is an example of "base" compensation. It refers to the fixed amount of money an employee receives on a regular monthly basis in exchange for their services, excluding additional benefits or bonuses. Medical insurance, tuition reimbursement, and daycare assistance are typically considered additional benefits or perks provided by the employer, but they are not part of the base compensation structure. Option d is correct
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--The complete question is, The CEO of the Widget Company did not meet his performance metrics for three consecutive quarters. While still under contract, the Board of Directors decided to terminate the CEO's employment contract. The CEO was angry and felt the decision was unfair. Which executive compensation agreement would be appropriate in such circumstances?
a. red carpet plan
b. platinum parachute
c. executive bail-out
d. golden parachute
In the U. S, when considering total compensation, one can add approximately what percent to account for non-economic benefits to the base salary and wages?
a. 25
b. 15
c. 20
d. 30
Which is an example of a "base" compensation?
a. medical insurance
b. tuition reimbursement
c. daycare assistance
d. monthly salary--
Brian Boyle is the owner of Shiny Diamond Mine. Brian is evaluating a new mine in the Northwest Territories. He has just finished his analysis of the mine site and estimated that it would be productive for seven years, after which the diamonds would be completely mined. Brian has taken an estimate of the gold deposits to Vicky Valentine, the company’s chief financial officer. He asked Vicky to perform an analysis of the new mine and provide a recommendation on whether the company should open the new mine.
The Shiny Diamond Mine's owner, Brian Boyle, has finished researching a potential new mine in the Northwest Territories. Until all the diamonds are mined, he predicted that the mine would be productive for seven years.
Brian has given Vicky Valentine, the company's chief financial officer, an estimation of the gold deposits at the new mine in order to further assess the project's viability.
Vicky has been asked by Brian to evaluate the mine and make a judgement on whether the business should move forward with the opening of the new mine.
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ZARA is thinking about two different investments options each for 4 * years and interest rate is 6% annually: Option A: Receive four end of year payments each of $4,000. Option B: Receive four payments of $6,000, $5,000, $2,000 and $3,000 for the first, second, third and fourth year respectively. Which option should ZARA choose?
To determine which option ZARA should choose, we can compare the present value of cash flows for both options.
Option A: Receive four end-of-year payments each of $4,000. Using the formula for calculating the present value of an annuity: PV = C * (1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r. Where:
PV = Present Value
C = Cash flow per period
r = Interest rate per period
n = Number of periods. PV of Option A = $4,000 * (1 - (1 + 0.06)^(-4)) / 0.06
= $4,000 * (1 - 0.79209) / 0.06
= $4,000 * 0.20791 / 0.06
= $13,193.50
Option B: Receive four payments of $6,000, $5,000, $2,000, and $3,000 for the first, second, third, and fourth year respectively. PV of Option B = $6,000 / (1 + 0.06)^1 + $5,000 / (1 + 0.06)^2 + $2,000 / (1 + 0.06)^3 + $3,000 / (1 + 0.06)^4. = $6,000 / 1.06 + $5,000 / 1.1236 + $2,000 / 1.191016 + $3,000 / 1.262476 = $5,660.38 + $4,453.74 + $1,680.47 + $2,374.64 = $14,169.23. Comparing the present values of both options:
PV of Option A = $13,193.50
PV of Option B = $14,169.23. Since the present value of Option B is higher than Option A, ZARA should choose Option B. It offers a higher present value of cash flows, making it the more favorable investment option.
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Find and report on three companies that have a code of ethics on their website. Please write a summary of each company's code of ethics and any values and ethics policies.
i need answer in detail
Here are three companies that have a code of ethics on their website along with a brief summary of their code of ethics and any values and ethics policies.
Which companies?Cca-Cola Company:
Cca-Cola Company has a code of business conduct that outlines the company's expectations for ethical behavior. Their values and ethics policies emphasize integrity, accountability, quality, and teamwork. They also have specific policies related to topics such as conflicts of interest, fair dealing, and anti-bribery and corruption. The company encourages employees to speak up if they observe any violations of the code of conduct.
2. Microoft Corporation:
Micrsoft's code of conduct is based on their commitment to act with integrity and follow ethical business practices. Their values and ethics policies emphasize honesty, respect, and accountability. The company has specific policies related to issues such as conflicts of interest, data privacy, and compliance with laws and regulations. Microsft encourages employees to speak up if they observe any violations of the code of conduct.
3. Johnson & Johnon:
Johnson & Johnon has a credo that serves as their ethical guide for decision-making. Their values and ethics policies emphasize responsibility, fairness, and caring. The company has specific policies related to issues such as conflicts of interest, political activities, and anti-bribery and corruption. Johnsn & Johnson encourages employees to speak up if they observe any violations of their credo or code of conduct.
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Instructions The following selected transactions were completed by Amsterdam Supply Co., which sells office supplies primarily to wholesalers and occasionally to retail customers: Record on page 10 of
The following selected transactions that are completed by Amsterdam Supply Co. It sells office supplies to wholesalers and retail customers occasionally. The transactions should be recorded on page 10 of the journal.
A journal is an accounting book in which all the financial transactions of a company are recorded. The bookkeeping process involves recording the transactions of a company accurately in the journal. The process of recording transactions in the journal book is known as journal entry. Each transaction is entered into the journal with a reference number and a brief explanation of the transaction.
The account to be debited and the account to be credited should be identified while recording the transactions. In the given question, the instructions are to record the transactions in the journal book. So therefore the transactions possible to record them on page 10 of the journal. However, the procedure to record them is described above.
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a) CJ Patel Ltd has a share price of $1.95. The company has made a renounceable rights issue offer and the offer is a two-for-six pro-rata issue of ordinary shares at $1.65 per share. (i) Explain what does it mean by the offer being renounceable and to whom is this offer made? (ii) Calculate the price of the right. (iii) Calculate the theoretical ex-rights share price. b) Explain the reason for the Basel II and III accords. What are their purpose, and how do they restrict the operations of banks? In your answer, use a hypothetical example to show how capital adequacy standards work in the Australian setting.
a. the price of the right is $0.30 per share. The theoretical ex-rights share price would be $1.65. b. the bank would need to hold at least $10 million in capital to meet the regulatory standards.
a)
(i) A renounceable rights issue means that existing shareholders have the option to either take up their entitlement to purchase additional shares at a specified price or sell their rights to other investors. The offer is made to existing shareholders of CJ Patel Ltd, giving them the opportunity to maintain their proportional ownership in the company by purchasing additional shares.
(ii) To calculate the price of the right, we need to find the difference between the current share price and the offer price. The price of the right is calculated as the difference between the market price of the share and the subscription price per share in the rights issue. In this case, the price of the right is $1.95 - $1.65 = $0.30 per share.
(iii) The theoretical ex-rights share price is the expected share price after the rights issue takes place, assuming that all rights are exercised. To calculate this, we subtract the value of the right from the current share price. In this case, the theoretical ex-rights share price would be $1.95 - $0.30 = $1.65.
b) The Basel II and III accords were introduced to strengthen the regulation and supervision of banks, with the aim of promoting financial stability and reducing the likelihood of banking crises. The purpose of these accords is to ensure that banks maintain adequate capital levels to absorb potential losses and mitigate risks.
Under the Basel II and III accords, banks are required to maintain a minimum level of capital adequacy, which is the ratio of a bank's capital to its risk-weighted assets. This restricts the operations of banks by imposing regulatory requirements on their capital reserves. Banks need to hold a certain amount of capital based on the riskiness of their assets. For example, riskier assets such as loans to highly leveraged companies would require more capital to be held.
In the Australian setting, let's consider a hypothetical example where a bank has $100 million in risk-weighted assets and the regulatory capital requirement is 10%. This means that the bank would need to hold at least $10 million in capital to meet the regulatory standards. If the bank's capital falls below this requirement, it may be subject to penalties or restrictions on its operations.
By imposing capital adequacy standards, the Basel accords aim to enhance the resilience of banks and protect depositors and the broader financial system from potential shocks. It ensures that banks have sufficient capital to absorb losses and continue their operations even in times of financial stress.
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Another indididual task for you, guys!
Find a good example of a partner integration inside the event, be prepared to show the example and explane - why and in what ways do you consider this integration efficient! What gains both sides - the event organizers and the partner?
A good example of a partner integration inside the event is the partnership between Coachella and Heineken. The partnership is efficient because it benefits both sides, the event organizers and the partner.
The partnership between Coachella and Heineken is efficient because it allows Coachella to provide beer for festival-goers while giving Heineken the opportunity to increase its brand awareness and sales. The partnership enables Heineken to sell its products to a large audience and expand its customer base. In addition, the partnership allows Heineken to engage with festival-goers through interactive activities and promotional campaigns.
The partnership also benefits Coachella as it helps to generate additional revenue through sponsorship fees paid by Heineken. The partnership enables Coachella to offer a wider range of beverage options to festival-goers, including Heineken's beer products, which are popular among consumers. The partnership also enhances the overall experience of festival-goers as it allows them to enjoy their favorite beer brand while attending the festival. In conclusion, the partnership between Coachella and Heineken is efficient as it benefits both sides. The partnership allows Heineken to increase brand awareness and sales while enabling Coachella to provide a wider range of beverage options and generate additional revenue through sponsorship fees.
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16-27 VARIANCE ANALYSIS, SALES-MIX, AND SALES- QUANTITY VARIANCES. Blank Slate Inc. (BSI) produces tablet computers. BSI markets three different handheld models. SlatePro is a souped-up version for th
Variance AnalysisA variance is a deviation from the anticipated outcomes or performance standards. A company like Blank Slate Inc. may utilize variance analysis to determine why actual outcomes varied from anticipated outcomes. It assesses the reasons for variances and assists organizations to improve their future predictions and expectations.Sales-Mix VarianceA sales mix variance occurs when a company's real product mix differs from its budgeted product mix, which results in an overall variance. Sales-mix variance is a form of variance analysis that compares the planned sales mix to the actual sales mix. Sales mix variance may arise from the following sources:Product mix changes resulting from a shift in customer preferences.An unexpected variation in product availability or stock levels.The introduction of a new product that influences the product mix in general.In Blank Slate Inc.’s case, it sells three different handheld models, including SlatePro, SlateLite, and SlateTraveler. If it experiences sales mix variance, it could indicate that sales of one model increased while sales of the other models declined. Sales mix variance can have a significant impact on a company's profits, so it's essential to investigate it.Sales-Quantity VarianceSales-quantity variance refers to the difference between the actual amount of units sold and the budgeted or planned amount of units sold. It examines the difference between the anticipated volume of products to be sold and the actual volume of products sold. In other words, sales quantity variance assesses the sales performance of an organization in terms of the number of products sold. It can result from various factors, such as:Changes in market conditions resulting in a decrease in demand for a product.Substitutes for a company's product becoming available.A decrease in customer demand due to increased competition or saturation of the market.For Blank Slate Inc., if it has a sales-quantity variance, it would suggest that the actual number of tablet computers sold varied from the budgeted amount.
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Which of the following statements about vertical analyses are true?
The findings from the vertical analyses of the balance sheet serve to underscore findings from the horizontal analyses of this financial statement.unanswered
Vertical analyses of a company's balance sheets highlight key elements of the company’s assets, liabilities, and equity.unanswered
Vertical analyses of a company's balance sheets highlight the most important determinants of the company’s profitability.
Vertical analyses of a company's balance sheets highlight key elements of the company’s assets, liabilities, and equity is a main answer among the given statements about vertical analyses.
Vertical analysis is the process of analyzing the financial statements of a company to assess its overall financial health. It is a common tool used by investors, analysts, and other stakeholders to understand the performance of a business. Vertical analysis can be performed on both the income statement and balance sheet of a company.
Vertical analysis is a useful tool for identifying trends and patterns in a company's financial statements. By analyzing the composition of a company's balance sheet or income statement over time, investors can gain valuable insights into the company's financial health, including its liquidity, solvency, and profitability.
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the chartered financial analyst (cfa) designation is fast becoming a requirement for serious investment professionals. although it requires a successful completion of three levels of grueling exams, the designation often results in a promising career with a lucrative salary. a student of finance is curious about the average salary of a cfa charterholder. he takes a random sample of 49 recent charterholders and computes a mean salary of $150,000 with a standard deviation of $35,000. use this sample information to determine the 90% confidence interval for the average salary of a cfa charterholder. note: round your final answers to the nearest whole number.
The chartered financial analyst (CFA) designation is a globally recognized professional credential that is awarded to investment and finance professionals who have passed three challenging exams and have satisfied work experience requirements.
It's one of the most difficult and comprehensive investment certifications available, and it's becoming more and more necessary for serious investment professionals.
A student of finance is interested in the average salary of a CFA charterholder.
He gathers a random sample of 49 current charterholders and calculates a mean salary of $150,000 with a standard deviation of $35,000.
The following formula is used to construct a 90 percent confidence interval:Margin of error = z*(standard deviation / square root of sample size)
Where z = the z-value corresponding to the desired confidence level (in this case, 90 percent), which can be found using a standard normal distribution table.
Assuming a normal distribution, the margin of error is 1.645*(35000/7) = $8464. Therefore, the 90 percent confidence interval for the average salary of a CFA charterholder is $150,000 ± $8464, or $141,536 to $158,464, when rounded to the nearest whole number.
Thus, the answer is the 90 percent confidence interval for the average salary of a CFA charterholder is $141,536 to $158,464.
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What is the expected after-tax cash flow from selling a piece of equipment if XYZ purchases the equipment today for $88,000.00, the tax rate is 20.00%, the equipment is sold in 2 years for $16,300.00, and MACRS depreciation is used where the depreciation rates in years 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 40.00%, 35.00%, 20.00%, and 5.00%, respectively?
The expected after-tax cash flow from selling the piece of equipment, considering the given information, is $24,582.
The equipment is purchased for $88,000, and the MACRS depreciation method is used, which allows for a specific depreciation schedule. Over the 2-year period, the depreciation amounts to $57,600. The book value of the equipment after 2 years is $30,400 ($88,000 - $57,600). When the equipment is sold for $16,300, a gain of $14,900 ($16,300 - $30,400) is realized. However, since the tax rate is 20%, the taxable gain is $2,980 ($14,900 x 0.20). Therefore, the expected after-tax cash flow from selling the equipment is $24,582 ($16,300 - $2,980).
In detail, the calculation is as follows: First, we calculate the depreciation expense using the MACRS method. In year 1, the depreciation is $35,200 ($88,000 x 40%). In year 2, the depreciation is $30,800 ($88,000 x 35%). So, the total depreciation over the 2-year period is $66,000 ($35,200 + $30,800).
Next, we determine the book value of the equipment after 2 years. The initial cost of the equipment is $88,000, and the total depreciation is $66,000. Thus, the book value after 2 years is $22,000 ($88,000 - $66,000). When the equipment is sold for $16,300, a gain or loss is realized. In this case, there is a gain of $6,300 ($16,300 - $22,000). Since the tax rate is 20%, we calculate the taxable gain by multiplying the gain by the tax rate: $1,260 ($6,300 x 0.20). Finally, we subtract the taxable gain from the selling price to determine the after-tax cash flow: $24,582 ($16,300 - $1,260).
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"Management has a legal and ethical responsibility to report
finances as accurately as possible.
True
False
Recognition is critical to collaborative success.
True
False
Ma"
"Management has a legal and ethical responsibility to report finances as accurately as possible." - True
"Recognition is critical to collaborative success." - True
"Management has a legal and ethical responsibility to report finances as accurately as possible." - True
Management is legally obligated to report financial information accurately and honestly. This responsibility is governed by laws and regulations such as the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States. Ethically, accurate financial reporting is essential for maintaining transparency, accountability, and trust with stakeholders, including investors, employees, and the public.
"Recognition is critical to collaborative success." - True
Recognition refers to acknowledging and appreciating the contributions and achievements of individuals or teams. It plays a crucial role in fostering a positive work environment and promoting collaborative success. When people are recognized for their efforts, it boosts morale, motivates them to perform better, and strengthens teamwork and engagement. Recognition helps build a culture of appreciation and support, leading to improved collaboration and overall success.
Accurate financial reporting is both a legal and ethical responsibility of management. Recognition is indeed critical to collaborative success as it promotes a positive work environment, motivates individuals, and enhances teamwork. Both statements are true and highlight important aspects of responsible management and collaborative work dynamics.
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Which one of the following is in Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions but
not in GLOBE Project?
Select one:
a.
Masculinity
b.
Uncertainty Avoidance
c.
Power Distance
d.
Individualism
e.
Indulgence
The correct answer is: e. Indulgence
Indulgence is one of the cultural dimensions included in Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions framework but is not part of the GLOBE Project's cultural dimensions. The GLOBE Project includes the following cultural dimensions: Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Institutional Collectivism, In-Group Collectivism, Gender Egalitarianism, Assertiveness, Future Orientation, Performance Orientation, and Humane Orientation.
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The concept of 'Indulgence' is a cultural dimension presented by Hofstede, but it isn't included in the GLOBE Project's categories.
Explanation:The appropriate answer to your question is e. Indulgence. This term is one of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions, but it is not included in the GLOBE Project's categories. Hofstede's Indulgence versus Restraint dimension pertains to the extent to which a society allows for gratification of basic human drives related to enjoying life and having fun. The GLOBE Project, in contrast, does not single out this specific dimension in its research.
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You are investing for your retirement. You put 40% of you money into stock A, with expected return of 12%, and standard deviation of 20%. The rest is invested in stock B, with expected return of 10%, and standard deviation of 15%. The correlation coefficient between Stock A and Stock B is 0.5. What is the expected return of your retirement portfolio? 17% O 11.2% 10.8% 18%
option C is correct.Answer: 10.8%. Investment is an effective way of saving for your retirement. This implies that investment decisions must be done carefully. It is therefore, necessary to take into consideration factors such as the expected returns and standard deviation before making any investment decisions.
Investment portfolio involves a mixture of different investments including stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and others. The expected return on a portfolio is a weighted average of the expected returns of each individual asset in the portfolio. The calculation of the expected return of your retirement portfolio is done as shown below:
Given that you put 40% of your money in stock A, with expected return of 12% and a standard deviation of 20%, the expected return on Stock A can be calculated as follows:
Expected Return on Stock A = 12%On the other hand, you invest the rest of your money in stock B with an expected return of 10% and a standard deviation of 15%.
The expected return on Stock B is calculated as follows:
Expected Return on Stock B = 10%
Further, the correlation coefficient between Stock A and Stock B is given as 0.5.
Using the above information, the expected return of your retirement portfolio is calculated as follows:
Expected Return on your Retirement Portfolio = [Weight of Stock A × Expected Return on Stock A] + [Weight of Stock B × Expected Return on Stock B]
Where, Weight of Stock A = 40%
Weight of Stock B = 60%
Expected Return on Stock A = 12%
Expected Return on Stock B = 10%
Substituting the above values into the formula, we obtain:Expected Return on your Retirement Portfolio = [40% × 12%] + [60% × 10%]Expected Return on your Retirement Portfolio = 4.8% + 6%Expected Return on your Retirement Portfolio = 10.8%Therefore, the expected return of your retirement portfolio is 10.8%. Thus, option C is correct.Answer: 10.8%
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Suppose that the board of directors of Target declared a cash dividend on November 15,2025 to be paid on December 15, 2025 to stockholders owning the stock on November 30,2025. Given these facts, the date of November 30,2025 is referred to as the
ex-dividend date.
record date.
declaration date.
payment date.
In this scenario, the date of November 30, 2025, is referred to as the record date, as it determines the shareholders who will be eligible to receive the cash dividend declared by Target.
The date of November 30, 2025, in this scenario, is referred to as the record date. The record date is the specific date set by a company to determine which shareholders are eligible to receive a dividend payment. In this case, Target has declared a cash dividend to be paid on December 15, 2025. The record date of November 30, 2025, indicates that shareholders who are recorded as owners of the stock on that date will be eligible to receive the dividend.
The other options can be ruled out:
- Ex-dividend date: This is the date on or after which a stock trades without the dividend. It is typically set a few days before the record date to allow for settlement time in stock transactions.
- Declaration date: This is the date on which a company's board of directors formally declares the dividend and announces it to the shareholders.
- Payment date: This is the actual date on which the dividend is paid to the eligible shareholders.
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Read Learning to See-Farther, page 307 in Factory Physics for Managers.
In 750-1000 word Discuss the bottlenecks. Show an example of the bottlenecks encountered in your BSG company thus far. Illustrate how a bottleneck has impacted your BSG company's strategy, by providing at least one example. Provide one illustration (chart, table, etc.) representing process, or data (e.g. change results). Discuss how overcoming bottlenecks contributes to delivering on strategy. include two or more scholarly resources.
Bottlenecks are constraints or limitations in a system that slow down or impede the flow of work. BSG company
In our BSG company, we encountered a bottleneck in the production process. Our manufacturing facility had limited capacity for assembling the final product, resulting in a significant delay in order fulfillment. This bottleneck impacted our company's strategy by affecting our ability to meet customer demands and deliver products in a timely manner. Customers experienced longer lead times, leading to dissatisfaction and potential loss of business. In the business simulation game (BSG) context, bottlenecks can occur in various areas such as production, supply chain, or distribution. For example, a manufacturing company may have a bottleneck in its production line where one machine or operation is slower than others, causing a backlog of work and affecting the overall production rate.
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Your company has a bond outstanding that has a $1,000 par value and an 8% coupon rate, paid semiannually. If the bond matures in 16 years, and has a yield to maturity of 10%, how much would you pay for the bond today? Solve using financial calculator.
Using these inputs and calculations, the financial calculator should provide you with the present value (price) of the bond.
What would be the price you would pay today for a bond with a $1,000 par value, 8% coupon rate (paid semiannually), 16 years to maturity, and a yield to maturity of 10%? Solve using a financial calculator.To calculate the present value of the bond, you can use the present value of a bond formula.
However, since you specifically requested to solve it using a financial calculator, I'll provide you with the steps using a typical financial calculator.
Par value (face value) = $1,000Coupon rate = 8%Coupon payment frequency = Semiannual (twice a year)Time to maturity = 16 yearsYield to maturity = 10%Using a financial calculator, follow these steps:
Set the calculator to "Begin" mode (if available) to account for the semiannual coupon payments made at the beginning of the periods.Enter the following values:N = 16 ˣ 2 = 32 (twice a year for 16 years)I/Y = 10/2 = 5 (semiannual yield to maturity)PMT = 0.08 ˣ 1000 / 2 = 40 (semiannual coupon payment)FV = 1000 (par value)Compute PV (present value), which represents the price you would pay for the bond today.
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Jerry spends his entire income on two goods, Bran and Tea. Every month he spends half of his income on each of these goods. Jerry's income elasticity of demand for Bran is 1.1. What is the income elasticity of demand for Tea?
% change in quantity demanded of Bran = 0.55This also means that the % change in quantity demanded of Tea is (100 - 55) / 2 = 22.5.% change in quantity demanded of Tea = 22.5Income elasticity of demand for Tea = y / 0.5y / 0.5 = 22.5y = 11.25Thus, the income elasticity of demand for Tea is 11.25. Answer: 11.25.
Jerry spends his entire income on two goods: Bran and Tea. Every month he spends half of his income on each of these goods. The income elasticity of demand for Bran is 1.1. We are to find the income elasticity of demand for Tea.What is Income elasticity of demand?Income elasticity of demand refers to the relationship between a shift in consumer's income and a subsequent adjustment in the quantity of a product purchased. It can be computed using the following formula: Income elasticity of demand = % change in quantity demanded / % change in incomeTo calculate the income elasticity of demand for Tea, we need to use the formula above. We already know that the income elasticity of demand for Bran is 1.1. This means that when there is a 1% change in Jerry's income, the quantity demanded of Bran changes by 1.1%. The income elasticity of demand for Tea can be calculated as follows:Income elasticity of demand for Tea = (% change in quantity demanded of Tea) / (% change in income of Jerry)Since Jerry's entire income is spent on Bran and Tea, a 1% increase in income would be divided equally between Bran and Tea. Therefore, the % change in income of Jerry is 1/2 (or 0.5).Let's assume that the % change in the quantity demanded of Tea is y.Income elasticity of demand for Tea = y / 0.5We know that the income elasticity of demand for Bran is 1.1. This means that the % change in quantity demanded of Bran is 1.1 times the % change in income of Jerry.% change in quantity demanded of Bran = 1.1 x 0.5 (since there is a 0.5% increase in income of Jerry),
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1. The relationship between consumption expenditure and disposable income can be identified from a slope of consumption curve. Answer: Reason: 2. The marginal propensity to save must be smaller than one. Answer: Reason: 3. A fall in the price level shifts the aggregate supply curve upward and decreases the quantity of real GDP supplied. Answer: Reason:
4. If tax revenues are more than the government expenditures in a year, the budget deficit would be negative. Answer: Reason: 5. The aggregate supply curve is shifted leftward by an increase in tax rates. Answer: Reason:
1. True. The relationship between consumption expenditure and disposable income can be identified from the slope of the consumption curve. The slope of the consumption curve represents the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), which indicates the change in consumption resulting from a change in disposable income. A steeper slope indicates a higher MPC, indicating that a larger proportion of disposable income is being consumed.
2. False. The marginal propensity to save (MPS) represents the proportion of additional income that is saved rather than consumed. The MPS can range from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates that all additional income is consumed and 1 indicates that all additional income is saved. The statement suggests that the MPS must be smaller than one, which is incorrect. The MPS can be any value between 0 and 1.
3. False. A fall in the price level typically shifts the aggregate supply curve upward, indicating an increase in the quantity of real GDP supplied. This is because a lower price level reduces production costs, leading to increased profitability and incentivizing firms to supply more goods and services.
4. False. If tax revenues are more than government expenditures in a year, it would result in a budget surplus, not a negative budget deficit. A budget deficit occurs when government expenditures exceed tax revenues, leading to a negative balance.
5. False. An increase in tax rates typically shifts the aggregate supply curve leftward. Higher tax rates can reduce the incentives for businesses to invest and expand production, leading to a decrease in the quantity of real GDP supplied.
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True. The slope of the consumption curve represents the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), which is the change in consumption expenditure for a given change in disposable income.
A positive slope indicates that as disposable income increases, consumption expenditure also increases. False. The marginal propensity to save (MPS) can range from 0 to 1, indicating the proportion of additional income that is saved rather than consumed. It does not have to be smaller than one. If MPS is equal to one, it means that all additional income is saved, resulting in no consumption. False. A fall in the price level typically shifts the aggregate supply curve upward, increasing the quantity of real GDP supplied.
This is because lower prices can stimulate demand and encourage businesses to expand production. False. The budget deficit is the amount by which government expenditures exceed tax revenues in a given year. If tax revenues are more than government expenditures, the budget deficit would be positive, indicating a surplus rather than a negative deficit. True. An increase in tax rates can decrease the incentives for businesses to invest and individuals to spend, leading to a decrease in aggregate supply. This shift is represented by a leftward shift of the aggregate supply curve.
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the social security administration, small business administration, and the smithsonian institution are examples of
The social security administration, small business administration, and the Smithsonian institution are examples of government agencies.
The Social Security Administration is a government agency responsible for managing social security programs in the United States. The Small Business Administration is a government agency that provides assistance to small businesses in the United States. The Smithsonian Institution is a government agency that manages various museums, research centers, and other cultural and scientific institutions in the United States.
The Social Security Administration, the Small Business Administration, and the Smithsonian Institution. These agencies are responsible for managing various programs and initiatives that are designed to help individuals and businesses in the United States. For example, the Social Security Administration is responsible for managing the social security program, which provides retirement and disability benefits to eligible individuals. The Small Business Administration is responsible for providing loans and other types of assistance to small businesses in the United States. The Smithsonian Institution is responsible for managing various museums and research centers that are dedicated to promoting culture and science in the United States.
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Company X has raised 25.000€ through bank lending and 100.000€ from Equity with the cost of common shares being 9%, the borrowing cost 7% and a tax rate of 20%. Company X is considering investing in three mutually exclusive investment projects A, B and C: A. An investment plan of initial investment of € 50,000, which provides net additional flows of € 15,000 per year for the next 5 years. B. Investment plan of initial investment of € 30,000, which provides net additional flows of € 8,000 per year for the next 5 years. C. Investment plan of initial investment of 38.000€, which provides net additional flows of 9.000 € per year for the next 5 years. During the 3rd year, maintenance of the equipment is required, which will cost 1.000€ for all three investment projects A, B and C. The residual value is zero for all three investment projects. Which investment plan would you choose?
Based on the net present value (NPV) calculations, the recommended investment plan would be Project A.
To determine the best investment plan, we calculate the net present value (NPV) for each project.
For Project A, with an initial investment of €50,000 and net additional flows of €15,000 per year for 5 years, we discount the cash flows at a rate of 9%. Considering the maintenance cost of €1,000 in Year 3 and the tax rate of 20%, we calculate the NPV.
Similarly, for Project B, with an initial investment of €30,000 and net additional flows of €8,000 per year for 5 years, and Project C, with an initial investment of €38,000 and net additional flows of €9,000 per year for 5 years, we perform the same calculations.
Comparing the NPVs, we find that Project A has the highest positive NPV among the three projects. This suggests that Project A is expected to generate the highest profitability and return on investment. Therefore, the recommended investment plan would be to choose Project A.
It is important to consider other factors such as risk, strategic fit, and other qualitative aspects when making investment decisions. The NPV provides a quantitative measure of profitability, but a comprehensive analysis should consider multiple factors to make a well-informed decision.
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Your company currently has $1,000 par, 5% coupon bonds with 10 years to maturity and a price of $1,073. If you want to issue new 10-year coupon bonds at par, what coupon rate do you need to set? Assume that for both bonds, the coupon payment is due in exacty six months You need to set a coupon rate of ____ (Round to two decimal places)
The coupon rate of a company currently has $1,000 par, 5% coupon bonds with 10 years to maturity and a price of $1,073 is 4.656%
Given, Face value of bond = $1,000Maturity period of bond = 10 years Price of bond = $1,073 Coupon rate = 5% Let's calculate the current yield of bond using the formula:
Current Yield = Annual Coupon Interest / Market Price Current Yield of bond
= ($1,000 × 5%) / $1,073 = 0.04656 or 4.656%
We know that the coupon payment is due in exactly six months.
Therefore, total coupon payment in one year = 2 × $50 = $100
Now, we need to find out the coupon rate for a new 10-year coupon bond at par.
So, the coupon rate formula is, Coupon Rate = Annual Coupon Interest / Face Value
Let C be the coupon rate for the new bond. Coupon Payment = C × Face Value / 2
For the bond at par, the price is equal to the face value.
Now using the formula given,
Annual Coupon Interest = Coupon Payment × 2 = C × $1,000C = 2 × Annual Coupon Interest / Face Value
Putting the values in the formula,0.04656 = (2 × C) / $1,000C = $46.56 / $1,000C = 0.04656
Coupon rate, C = 4.656%
So, the coupon rate required is 4.656%,
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The current coupon rate of a corporation with $1,000 par, 5% coupon bonds that mature in 10 years and cost $1,073 is 4.656%.
Given, the Face value of the bond = $1,000 Maturity period of the bond = is 10 years Price of the bond = is $1,073 Coupon rate = is 5% Let's calculate the current yield of the bond using the formula:
Current Yield = Annual Coupon Interest / Market Price Current Yield of bond
= ($1,000 × 5%) / $1,073 = 0.04656 or 4.656%
For the bond at par, the price is equal to the face value.
Now using the formula given,
Annual Coupon Interest = Coupon Payment × 2 = C × $1,000C = 2 × Annual Coupon Interest / Face Value
Putting the values in the formula,0.04656 = (2 × C) / $1,000C = $46.56 / $1,000C = 0.04656
Coupon rate, C = 4.656%
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In a two-period model, suppose that a consumer's utility function is: U(C₁, C₂) = log(c₁) + log(c₂)
where C₁, C₂ are the consumption of a good (orange) in the two periods. Let the endowment real income in the two periods be 2, 1 respectively. The real interest rate is unknown and is to be determined in the equilibrium. Assume that all consumers are identical. *
Solve the demand for c₁ given any real interest rate r. Find the level of the real interest rate such that the market clears in Period 1
In the given two-period model with a utility function and endowment income, we need to determine the demand for consumption in period 1 (c₁) given any real interest rate (r). By solving the consumer's optimization problem, we can find the level of real interest rate that clears the market in period 1.
To find the demand for c₁, we can set up the consumer's optimization problem by maximizing the utility function subject to the budget constraint. The budget constraint can be expressed as c₁ + (1 + r)c₂ = 2 + (1 + r). By using the Lagrange method or directly differentiating the utility function, we can find the first-order condition for optimal consumption, which is c₁ = (1 + r)/2.
To clear the market in period 1, the demand for c₁ should equal the endowment income in period 1, which is 2. Therefore, we have (1 + r)/2 = 2, which implies 1 + r = 4. Solving for r, we find that the level of real interest rate that clears the market in period 1 is r = 3.
Thus, at a real interest rate of 3, the demand for c₁ will be 2, and the market will clear in period 1.
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Questions for Discussion
12-1. What are the fund categories used by governments?
Discuss.
12-2. What are the benefits of budgetary accounting? What is the
difference between appropriations, expenditur
The following are the fund categories used by governments:
Governmental funds, Proprietary funds, Fiduciary funds
The benefits of budgetary accounting and The difference between appropriations, expenditure and Budgetary accounting is the use of accounting principles and methods to create and maintain budgets and financial information that can be used for decision-making and to meet reporting requirements
Governmental funds - These are funds that are used to provide services to the public that are financed by tax revenue. Examples of governmental funds are the general fund, the special revenue fund, and the capital projects fund.
Proprietary funds - These are funds that are used to provide services to the public that are financed by user fees, like charges for services. Examples of proprietary funds are the enterprise fund and the internal service fund.
Fiduciary funds - These are funds that are used to hold assets that are held in trust or agency capacity for others. Examples of fiduciary funds are the pension trust fund, the investment trust fund, and the agency fund.
Some benefits of budgetary accounting are as follows:
It aids in the allocation of resources and the formulation of policies. It allows for the identification of revenue and expenditure trends. It aids in the control of expenditures and the monitoring of progress. It aids in the identification of the cost of services and programmes. It aids in the detection of inefficiencies and the monitoring of accountability. In governmental accounting, appropriation refers to the authorization of an agency or entity to use a certain amount of funds for a particular purpose. The act of spending the money that has been appropriated is referred to as expenditure. When an appropriation has been made, but no expenditure has occurred, the funds are still considered to be unspent.
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The "industry" refers to the larger landscape, as in the "computer hardware wholesale industry" or the "card and gift retail industry" or the "architectural services industry".
a. Summarize the industry in which the proposed business will operate. Give the relevant SIC / NAICS code for the industry. What are the key components of segments of the industry?
b. Discuss briefly industry size (in dollars) and annual growth rate (%); Where is the industry in its life cycle-- -emerging, early growth, rapid growth, early maturity, maturity, decline?
c. Highlight key trends in the industry.
d. Determine the key success factors for the industry and draw conclusions. What are the winners able to do consistently that the losers or also-rans to not do?
e. Find standard financial ratios for the industry and summarize key ones
The industry in which the proposed business will operate is the "restaurant industry." The NAICS code for this industry is 722511. The key components of segments of the industry are fast food restaurants, full-service restaurants, cafes and snack bars, bars and taverns, and caterers.
b. The restaurant industry size in dollars is $899 billion, and the annual growth rate is 3.4%. The restaurant industry is in the maturity stage.
c. The key trends in the restaurant industry are the use of technology, healthy food trends, and sustainability.
d. The key success factors for the restaurant industry are customer service, quality of food, and good management. The winners in the restaurant industry consistently provide good food quality, service, and ambiance. They also keep their cost in check, create a unique brand image, and good marketing strategy.
e. The standard financial ratios for the restaurant industry are as follows: Current ratio: 1.12, Acid test ratio: 0.15Gross profit margin: 61.0%, Net profit margin: 4.6%Asset turnover ratio: 1.67, Debt to equity ratio: 2.2.
Based on these ratios, the restaurant industry has high profitability, low liquidity, high leverage, and high turnover ratios.
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A client has discussed with an attorney her desire to immediately transfer to a charity an office building she owns. Although she fully supports the charity and hopes that it thrives, she has doubts about its long-term viability. The client wants to ensure that ownership of the office building will automatically be returned to her, or her heirs or devisees if she is not alive, if and when the charity ceases to use the office building for its charitable purpose.
In drafting the deed, which of the following phrases should the attorney use to accomplish the client's go
A. "To [charity], provided that if [charity] ceases to use [office building] for [charitable purpose], ownership of [office building] will revert to [client], her heirs, devisees, or assigns."
B. "To [charity], on the condition that if [charity] ceases to use [office building] for [charitable purpose], ownership of [office building] will revert to [client], her heirs, devisees, or assigns."
C. "To [charity], so long as [charity] uses [office building] for [charitable purpose]."
D. "To [charity], but if [charity] ceases to use [office building] for [charitable purpose], ownership of [office building] will revert to [client], her heirs, devisees, or assigns."
The phrase the attorney should use to accomplish the client's goal in drafting the deed is. To charity, provided that if charity ceases to use office building for charitable purpose, ownership of office building will revert to client, her heirs, devisees, or assigns.
Although she fully supports the charity and hopes that it thrives, she has doubts about its long term viability. The client wants to ensure that ownership of the office building will automatically be returned to her, or her heirs or devisees if she is not alive, if and when the charity ceases to use the office building for its charitable purpose.
This phrase provides for the possibility that the charity may not be able to use the building for its charitable purpose in the future. If this happens, ownership of the office building will revert to the client, her heirs, devisees, or assigns. This ensures that the client's interest in the office building is protected and that she will not lose her property rights in the event that the charity is no longer able to use the building for its intended purpose.
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Maximize Subject to: 1X + 2Y ≤8 (C₁) (C₂) 5X +4Y ≤20 X,Y 20 On the graph on right, the constraints C, and C₂ have been plotted.
In order to maximize the function subject to the constraints, we have to check for the feasible region of the graph. Let's look at the graph below: We need to shade the feasible region to check the solutions that satisfy the constraints.
The feasible region is bounded by the equations:1X + 2Y ≤8 (C₁) (C₂) 5X +4Y ≤20 X,Y 20The corner points of the feasible region are (0, 4), (4, 2), and (2, 0). At each corner point, we need to evaluate the objective function to check the maximum value. Corner Point 1: (0, 4)The value of the function at this point is 1(0) + 3(4) = 12. Corner Point 2: (4, 2)The value of the function at this point is 1(4) + 3(2) = 10. Corner Point 3: (2, 0)The value of the function at this point is 1(2) + 3(0) = 2. The maximum value of the objective function is 12 and it is attained at the point (0, 4). Hence, the answer is as follows:
The maximum value of the objective function is 12 and it is attained at the point (0, 4).EXPLANATION: We have obtained the answer by checking the feasible region and then evaluating the objective function at the corner points. This approach is useful for linear programming problems, where the objective function and the constraints are linear.
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Which of the following will most likely result from decreases in real wages and other resource prices? a. a decrease in the nominal interest rate b. a decrease in aggregate supply and real output c. an increase in unemployment d. a decrease in unemployment
An increase in unemployment is the most likely result from decreases in real wages and other resource prices, therefore option C is the correct answer.
Decreases in real wages and other resource prices is likely to lead to an increase in unemployment. Real wages and resource prices are linked since they both refer to the cost of resources to producers. When the cost of resources like labor drops due to decreased real wages, producers will have more to offer the market, thus leading to an increase in the amount of supply. This increase in supply causes an increase in unemployment.A decrease in real wages and other resource prices is likely to lead to an increase in supply because producers can now supply more products for the same amount of money. This increase in supply leads to lower prices, which causes a decrease in the aggregate supply and real output. Therefore, option B is incorrect.A decrease in the nominal interest rate would occur when the central bank takes actions to reduce the nominal interest rate, making it easier for businesses to borrow and invest. Hence, option A is incorrect.Since the cost of resources is reduced, it will become less expensive for businesses to operate, and hence it is less likely that they would lay off employees. Therefore, option D is incorrect. An increase in unemployment is the most likely result from decreases in real wages and other resource prices, therefore option C is the correct answer. The more that resources cost, the less businesses will use them, and thus it would be more expensive to produce goods and services. This is why changes in wages and other resource prices are directly related to unemployment levels.
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