Photosynthesis is a means of converting light energy to chemical energy. Explain what this statement means.
Answers
Answer:
photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain
other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy .
During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured
and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into
oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
also
During the process of photosynthesis, light penetrates the
cell and passes into the chloroplast. The light energy is
intercepted by chlorophyll molecules on the granal stacks.
Some of the light energy is converted to chemical energy.
During this process, a phosphate is added to a molecule to
cause the formation of ATP(Adenosine triphosphate)
Let's take a short look at photosynthesis before moving on to this topic.
It is an exergonic, light-dependent, biological, oxidoreductive, energy-yielding process. Where sugars or (CH2O)n are produced energetically by reducing CO2.
Although Co2 is essentially prevalent in nature, it does not break down into sugars since the reaction is thermodynamically possible.
Right after sunlight strikes the surface of the leaf, there are these little components known as reaction centers or energy harvesting cores, which are surrounded by antenna complexes. These antenna complexes are normally composed of chl a, chl b, xanthophyll, carotenoid, etc.
Here, the antenna complexes serve as filters, allowing just the necessary amount of flux to depart the outershelled electron of the chlorophyll molecule via energy activation states (of different kinds).
As the pigment system activates the chlorophyll molecule, the energy from the light is now transferred to chemo potential energy, which is subsequently employed in the process to oxidize the water molecule by the Kok clock mechanism.
Now this is an rather interesting cycle having multiple energy states, from Ground (SO) to maximum (S4) notice that the energy was first required to move on to next step in intermediates but as soon as it reached S4 or max state it oxidized water and this energy is actually enough to reduce Carbon di Oxide to sugar.
(Attachment #1)
If I'm not incorrect, the conversion works like this.
(Attachment #2)
As a result, it needs to be activated gradually in order to build up enough energy to pass the energy barrier.
NOTE:
As you can see, plants don't purposefully create oxygen, but why do they continue to do so? It does this because its primary goal is to turn sugar into oxygen, which it then converts into water that actually vaporizes while keeping the system cool.
Related Questions
what does the immune system do to fight off malaria?
Answers
Answer:
The body raises the temperature of the body to create an unlivable area for the parasite.
Explanation:
Since each myofibril is attached at either end of the muscle fiber, when sarcomeres shorten, the muscle fiber.
Answers
Each myofibril is attached at either end of the muscle fiber, when sarcomeres shorten, the muscle fiber Shortens
Mechanism :
Myofibrils are components of the animal skeletal muscles that are made up of sacromeres. They perform the muscular contraction and relaxation via the sliding filament model.
To produce motion, A cross-bridge forms between actin and the myosin heads triggering shortening of the sacromere. This shortening of the sacromere results in the contraction of the muscle fibers, which the net effect can be seen to be a shortening of the fibers.
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Looking at the graph (photo attached), what is the independent and dependent variable?
Answers
Answer:
independent: food
dependent: mass grain
Explanation:
Why does a solid change to liquid when heat is added?
A. The spacing between particles decreases.
Particles lose energy.
B.
C. The spacing between particles increases.
D. The temperature decreases.
Rese
Answers
Answer:
C. The spacing between particle increases.
Explanation:
The particles are given more energy and begin to vibrate faster when a solid is heated. As the atoms vibrate faster, spacing in between particle increases.
Which muscle contributes to external rotation of the glenohumeral joint?
Answers
According to the research, the infraspinatus contributes to external rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
What is the infraspinatus?It is a flat muscle, which is part of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, it fulfills the function of stabilizing the joint surfaces involved in the glenohumeral joint, performing external rotation.
In other words, this muscle performs similar movements and shares the same place where they are inserted, with the supraspinatus, the teres minor and the subscapularis.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the infraspinatus contributes to external rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
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During the nitrogen cycle, through which structure are nitrogen compounds first absorb into the plant?.
Answers
Answer:
Plants take up nitrogen compounds through their roots. Animals obtain these compounds when they eat the plants. When plants and animals die or when animals excrete wastes, the nitrogen compounds in the organic matter re-enter the soil where they are broken down by microorganisms, known as decomposers
Answer:
the
Explanation:
If square is dominant over round, what are the phenotypes for the following genotypes?
SS
Ss
ss
Answers
Answer:
SS: square Ss: square ss: round
Explanation:
The dominant trait is the capital letter
Disavantages of carbon
Answers
Answer:
Disavantages if Carbon: Carbon can cause climate change by trapping heat, and they can contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution.
The "collar bone" is also known as the:
Answers
According to the research, the collar bone is also known as the clavicle.
What is the clavicle?They are the bones of the human being that are found in the upper sector of the chest, articulating with the acromion of the shoulder blade and the sternum.
This bone is important for the composition of the shoulder joint complex, since it functions as a stabilizer for all parts of the shoulder, and therefore for the arm.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the collar bone is also known as the clavicle.
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Answer:
clavicle
Explanation:
hope this helps :)
difine jack screw
please help me
Answers
Answer:
A few basic components comprise a jackscrew. The main piece is the screw itself. The screw may be connected to a plate of some kind housing a load or attached to another piece of machinery that is then moved.
Answer:
a screw that can be turned to adjust the position of an object into which it fits.
a vehicle jack worked by a screw device.
Explanation:
hope this help you
What are the most primitive surviving vertebrates?
Answers
The most primitive surviving vertebrate are those in the Agnatha class.
AgnathaThis refers to a group of fishes that are jawless. They include lampreys and hagfishes.
Fishes in the Agnathan class have no fins nor stomachs.
Hagfishes still exist with over 76 species in different cold waters around the world.
Lampreys live mostly as parasites on other fishes and are found in the Atlantic oceans.
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Can you think of a physiologic process that is not under the control of a homeostatic reflex system?.
Answers
Hair and nail growth are not homeostatically controlled. There is no miracle in using exuberance to handle these procedures. The disadvantage is that they can produce very long and interrupt normal activities.
Hair and nail growth are not homeostatic ally controlled. The disadvantage is that they can produce very long and interrupt normal activities.
What is homeostasis ?It is a physiological process where body to maintain the internal environment in response to changes in outer external environment.
Internal environment means the interstitial fluids while external environment refers to the environment in which organisms live.
Any fluctuation in homeostasis leads to death or a disease of an organism, called as homeostatic imbalance.
The diseases include diabetes, dehydration, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, gout etc.
The controlling factors of homeostasis are stimulus can be any physical, chemical or environmental factors leads to deviation of normal body’s environment
Receptor receives the stimulus and pass to the control center like neuron.
Regulator can control coordinator center receives and processes information from the receptor like Hypothalamus.
Effector can control commands from stimulus like Glands, muscles
Response refers to any reaction response to the stimulus.
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5. How can we say that added sugar is not necessary for our health (it's not), when we learned that
aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose as a fuel source? (hint - where did hunter/gatherers our
ancestors, get sugar?)
Answers
Answer:
more than likely fruits and berries
or natural sugars
The body does not require any added sugar to stay healthy. Hunters/gatherers and our ancestors consumed fruits and milk that are natural sugar to obtain energy.
What is the difference between added sugar and natural sugar?Natural sugars are found in unprocessed food such as fruits and milk.Fruits contain fructose and milk contains lactose.On the other hand, added sugars are the artificial sweeteners that we often add to our daily diet in the form of white sugars and caloric sweeteners. From the perspective of health, it is always better to opt for natural sugar that keeps our body stable energy and stable metabolism.Added sugars are harmful when consumed in higher quantities.Hence, added sugar is not necessary for our health when we have learned that aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose as a fuel source that can be obtained from natural sugar.
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how do all viruses differ from bacteria?
Answers
All viruses differ from bacteria in the sense that viruses cannot reproduce outside of a living host but bacteria can.
What are viruses and bacteria?Virus is a submicroscopic, non-cellular structure consisting of a genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called capsid.
A bacterium cell, on the other hand, is a single celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles.
A virus requires a living host cell to replicate while a bacterium can replicate itself irrespective of a living host.
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In the case of sickle cell anemia, the slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to a. defects in the membranes of these cells. b. changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin. c. poor use of glucose for energy. d. inability of the cells to make protein.
Answers
The slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin.
What is sickle cell anemia?Sickle cell anemia refers to a defect in the red blood cells in which abnormal hemoglobin is present in the red blood cells resulting in the inability of the red blood cells to efficiently transport oxygen to the tissues.
This is due to a mutation in the gene coding for hemoglobin production.
The red blood cells have a sickle shape.
Therefore, the slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin.
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What does the specific
defense of the immune
system use to fight
pathogens?
A. red blood cells
B. vaccines
C. lymphocytes
D. plasma
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
There are different types of T-Cells, aka Lymphocytes.
the Cytotoxic T-Cells will find and directly attack, also giving them the name "Killer Cells"
The Cytotoxic cell's main purpose is to find bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells.
Next,
there is the Helper T Cells, which recruit other immune system cells and organize a special immune response.
Regulatory T cells, suppress the immune system so it doesn't overreact. Just as in Auto-Immune diseases
which animal has a better chance of survival, fox or leopard?
Answers
Answer:
fox is th right answer
Explanation:
fox
Answer: leopard
Explanation:
What are the defining characteristics of chondricythyes?
Answers
Species in this class have paired fins, hard scales, a two-chambered heart, and a pair of nostrils. Most species have 5-7 gill slits on each side of their body.
Chondrichthyes are cartilaginous fishes and are mostly marine with basic fish attributes.
ChondrichthyesThey are a class of fishes known as cartilaginous fishes. They possess all the characteristics of fishes in addition to features such as:
living mostly in marine habitatspossessing a pair of jawthe central placement of the mouthpossession of cartilaginous skeletons instead of bonesMore on Chondrichthyes can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/3520910
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The atlantic cod (gadus callarias) is a fish which lays about 5 000 000 eggs in its lifetime. On average, only two of these eggs survive to become adult cod. How does this promote evolution?
Answers
The atlantic cod (gadus callarias) is a fish which lays about 5 000 000 eggs in its lifetime. On average, only two of these eggs survive to become adult cod. This promote evolution because the environment selects the most evolved animals to survive that environment.
What is the evolutionary process?Evolutionary processes aim, therefore, to generate greater adaptation of species in an environment. When new species of organisms are formed from gradual changes in preexisting species.
So although there are several eggs initially only those that survived the environment are able and evolved to reproduce, so the evolution of species is carried out.
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The stage of the cell cycle during which the cytoplasm divides to form two cells is called.
Answers
Answer:
Cytokinesis
Explanation:
Cytokinesis is the step of the cell cycle in which the cell must faithfully separate the chromosomes and cytoplasm, yielding two daughter cells.
Robert Hooke first observed cork under a microscope in jail so he named the small cubicles cells
False True
Answers
It is not true that Robert Hooke was in the jail while discovering cells.
Robert Hooke was observing cork through his microscope and saw tiny cubicles cells or boxlike cavitie which he later named as cells.
What is cell?Cell can be defined as the smallest, functional, basic and structural unit of life.
However, biologists too categorize living organisms into two different groups based on the numbers of cells they posses. These are:
Unicellular organisms: These are organisms which is made up of only one cellMulticellular organisms: These are organisms made up of two or more cellsIn conclusion, it is not true that Robert Hooke was in the jail while discovering cells. Rather, he was observing cork through his microscope and saw tiny cubicles cells or boxlike cavitie which he later named as cells.
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The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is:
Answers
The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is immunoglobulin G, IgG.
What are antibodies?Antibodies are proteins which are produced by the body and form part of the immune system by binding onto antigens in order to enhance their clearance from the body.
Antibodies are found in the blood. The antibodies found in the blood include the immunoglobulins A, D, E, and G.
The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is immunoglobulin G, IgG.
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The arteries a. serve as rapid-transit passageways from the heart to the organs because of their large radii b. act as a blood reservoir because they have the capacity to store large volumes of blood with little change in their internal pressure c. are the major sites of blood flow resistance in the vasculature d. are the site of exchange between the blood and surrounding tissues e. none of these
Answers
The arteries act as rapid-transit passageways from the heart to the organs because of their large radii. The correct option is A.
Functions of the arteriesThe arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the cells, tissues, and organs that are in need of oxygen.
They have large radii and as such, serve rapid-transit passageways from the heart to the various cells, tissues, and organs.
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really need help on this asap
giving out 15 points :)
Answers
Explanation:
1 chemical reaction endothermic
2 physical change. exothermic
3 chemical reaction endothermic
Answer:
1. Chemical reaction | Endothermic
2. Physical change | Exothermic
3. Chemical reaction | Endothermic
Explanation:
• Chemical reaction or Physical change?
A chemical reaction occurs when one or more substances converted into one or more different substances; they are usually irreversible.
A physical change occurs when the state of matter, or any other physical property, of a substance changes; they are usually reversible.
• Endothermic or Exothermic?
An endothermic reaction or change is one in which the system takes in thermal energy.
An exothermic change is where thermal energy is given out by the system.
Electroporation is a technique used for __________
Answers
Electroporation is a technique used for inserting DNA into cells
What is Electroporation?Electroporation is a physical transfection method that uses an electrical pulse to create temporary pores in cell membranes through which substances like nucleic acids can pass into cells.
Electroporation is highly efficient for the introduction of foreign genes into tissue culture cells, especially mammalian cells.
Hence, electroporation is a technique used for inserting DNA into cells
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In general, how might recombinant dna technology be used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene?.
Answers
Recombinant DNA technology is used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene by reinserting nucleotide sequences in a normal linear order.
What is a gene?A gene is a fragment of single-stranded DNA that is used during transcription and translation to produce a protein.
A mutated gene has a different nucleotide sequence when compared to the normal gene, which can be corrected by using recombined normal sequences.
In conclusion, recombinant DNA technology is used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene by reinserting nucleotide sequences in a normal linear order.
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When mpf activity declines in a normal healthy cell it is due to _____
Answers
When mpf activity declines in a normal healthy cell it is due to degradation of cyclin.
What is the cell cycle?The cell cycle refers to the process by which new cells are formed by mitosis from an existing cells.
Several cell components are important in the cell cycle.
Cyclin is an important part involved in the cell cycle.
A decrease in cyclin due to increased degradation results in a decline in mpf activity.
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Select the correct answer. A force of 15 newtons is applied to both Object A with a mass of 25 kilograms and Object B with a mass of 50 kilograms. What is true about the acceleration of Object A and Object B? A. Acceleration of Object A is four times that of the acceleration of Object B. B. Acceleration of Object A is the same as the acceleration of Object B. C. Acceleration of Object A is half the acceleration of Object B. D. Acceleration of Object A is twice that of the acceleration of Object B.
Answers
By Newton's second law
F=ma , F=force (unit= N)
m=mass (Kg), a=acceleration (m/s2)
By applying the formula, we can calculate acceleration
a = F/ m
For object A,
Force =15N, Mass=25kg
a= 15/25
acceleration, a=0.6m/s2
For object B,
Force=15N, Mass=50 kg
a=15/50
acceleration,a=0.3m/s2
By calculation, the acceleration of object A is twice the of object B.
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Answer:
See image
Explanation:
Plato
How much ATP is produced from the Kreb Cycle?
Answers
According to the research, in the Kreb Cycle two ATP molecules are generated.
What is the Kreb Cycle?It is the set of reactions that generates most of the electron carriers (energy) that will be connected in the electron transport chain.
Two molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are formed from one glucose molecule (two turns of the cycle).
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, in the Kreb Cycle two ATP molecules are generated.
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Why do you think the bones of the legs are at particular risk for fractures in rod