Extinction in classical conditioning occurs when the conditioned stimulus (CS) is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus (US), resulting in a decrease or disappearance of the conditioned response (CR) over time. Therefore, the scenario in which someone shows evidence of extinction in classical conditioning is:
A previously conditioned response to a stimulus disappears over time after the stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus.
For example, if a dog has been trained to salivate at the sound of a bell (CS) because the bell was consistently paired with food (US), but then the food is no longer presented with the bell, the dog will eventually stop salivating at the sound of the bell (CR). This is because the association between the bell and the food has been weakened through the process of extinction, and the dog no longer expects the food to follow the sound of the bell.
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the role of the federal government in the implementation of social policies has increased since the _____.
The role of the federal government in the implementation of social policies has increased since the New Deal era.
The New Deal era, which began in the 1930s under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, aimed to address the economic hardships caused by the Great Depression, and its policies sought to provide relief for the unemployed, stimulate economic recovery, and implement reforms to prevent future economic crises.
During this time, the federal government began to take a more active role in social policies, such as unemployment insurance, Social Security, and public works programs. This expanded role continued through the 1960s with President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society initiative, which included programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and federal support for education.
The increase in federal involvement in social policies can be attributed to several factors, including the need to address nationwide challenges, such as poverty, healthcare, and education, which often require large-scale solutions that individual states may struggle to provide. Additionally, the federal government can promote more equitable distribution of resources and access to social services across the country, as it is less susceptible to regional disparities and local politics.
However, the expanded role of the federal government in social policies has also led to debates on the balance of power between the federal and state governments, as well as concerns about the financial sustainability of these programs. Overall, the federal government's involvement in implementing social policies has grown considerably since the New Deal era, reflecting its responsibility to address complex social issues on a national scale.
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In 1910, Halley's Comet traveled close to Earth-- about 1/7 of the distance from Earth to the Sun. Earth's distance from the sun is 149.6 million kilometers.
1. How close was Halley's Comet to Earth in 1910? Create an equation to answer the question.
2. Estimate the next three years when Halley's Comet will appear.
3. The core of Halley's comet is oblong in shape, with its longest dimension 16 km long. Earth's diameter is about 12,700 km. How many times larger in diameter is Earth than Halley's comet?
Answer:
a. 21.37 million km
b.
2061 (1986 + 76)
2137 (2061 + 76)
2213 (2137 + 76)
c. 793.75
Explanation:
To find how close Halley's Comet was to Earth in 1910, we can use the given information that it traveled about 1/7 of the distance from Earth to the Sun.
Distance between Halley's Comet and Earth = (1/7) x distance between Earth and Sun
Distance between Halley's Comet and Earth = (1/7) x 149.6 million km
Distance between Halley's Comet and Earth = 21.37 million km
Therefore, Halley's Comet was approximately 21.37 million kilometers away from Earth in 1910.
Halley's Comet has an orbital period of approximately 76 years. Its last appearance was in 1986, so we can estimate its next three appearances as follows:
2061 (1986 + 76)
2137 (2061 + 76)
2213 (2137 + 76)
Note that these are only estimates based on the comet's previous orbital period and are subject to change based on various factors.
The core of Halley's Comet is 16 km long, so its diameter is approximately 16 km. The diameter of Earth is approximately 12,700 km.
Ratio of Earth's diameter to Halley's Comet's diameter = Diameter of Earth / Diameter of Halley's Comet
Ratio of Earth's diameter to Halley's Comet's diameter = 12,700 km / 16 km
Ratio of Earth's diameter to Halley's Comet's diameter = 793.75
Therefore, Earth's diameter is approximately 793.75 times larger than Halley's Comet's diameter.
Answer:
1. 21.37 million km
2. 2061 (1986 + 76)
2137 (2061 + 76)
2213 (2137 + 76)
3. 793.75
Explanation:
To find how close Halley's Comet was to Earth in 1910, we can use the given information that it traveled about 1/7 of the distance from Earth to the Sun.
Distance between Halley's Comet and Earth = (1/7) x distance between Earth and Sun
Distance between Halley's Comet and Earth = (1/7) x 149.6 million km
Distance between Halley's Comet and Earth = 21.37 million km
Therefore, Halley's Comet was approximately 21.37 million kilometers away from Earth in 1910.
Halley's Comet has an orbital period of approximately 76 years. Its last appearance was in 1986, so we can estimate its next three appearances as follows:
2061 (1986 + 76)
2137 (2061 + 76)
2213 (2137 + 76)
Note that these are only estimates based on the comet's previous orbital period and are subject to change based on various factors.
The core of Halley's Comet is 16 km long, so its diameter is approximately 16 km. The diameter of Earth is approximately 12,700 km.
The ratio of Earth's diameter to Halley's Comet's diameter = Diameter of Earth / Diameter of Halley's Comet
The ratio of Earth's diameter to Halley's Comet's diameter = 12,700 km / 16 km
The ratio of Earth's diameter to Halley's Comet's diameter = 793.75
Therefore, Earth's diameter is approximately 793.75 times larger than Halley's Comet's diameter.
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sorry for the () scattered everywhere it detected "hurtful phrases"
Answer:
#He Aint Lyin
Explanation:
Trust
stage 4 kidney disease life expectancy 70 years old
It is difficult to predict life expectancy for a person with stage 4 kidney disease as it depends on various factors such as the underlying cause of the kidney disease, the person's overall health, and their response to treatment. However, in general, the life expectancy for a person with stage 4 kidney disease can vary widely, ranging from several years to several decades.
According to recent statistics, the average life expectancy for a 70-year-old person with stage 4 kidney disease is around 8 years. However, this is just a rough estimate and should not be taken as a definitive prognosis as each person's situation is unique. It's essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for a more personalized assessment of life expectancy and treatment options.
It's also important to note that there are treatments available for stage 4 kidney disease, such as medication, dialysis, and kidney transplant, that can help manage the symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. With proper treatment and care, some people with stage 4 kidney disease can live longer, healthier lives.
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malia earns a yearly salary of $130,000 in her job and earns $1,000 per year in interest on her savings. after she quits her job to start a company, she uses all her savings to purchase manufacturing equipment for her company. given the above information and the data summarizing her first year in business in the table, how much economic profit or loss does malia earn?
Malia earns a negative economic profit of $81,000 in her first year of business.
What is the economic profit/loss that Malia earns in her first year of business?Economic profit is calculated as the difference between total revenue and total economic costs, including the opportunity cost of resources used in the production process. Mathematically, we can express this as:
Economic Profit = Total Revenue - Total Economic Costs
In Malia's case, her total revenue is $200,000 and her total economic costs include her explicit costs (such as rent, wages, and equipment expenses) and her implicit costs (such as the opportunity cost of her salary and savings). We can express this as:
Total Economic Costs = Explicit Costs + Implicit Costs
Explicit costs are the monetary expenses incurred in running the business, such as rent, wages, and equipment expenses. In Malia's case, her explicit costs for the year were $150,000. Therefore:
Explicit Costs = $150,000
Implicit costs, on the other hand, are the opportunity costs of resources used in the production process, such as the opportunity cost of Malia's salary and savings. In her case, her salary was $130,000 per year, and she earned $1,000 in interest income. Therefore:
Implicit Costs = Opportunity Cost of Salary + Opportunity Cost of Savings
Implicit Costs = $130,000 + $1,000
Implicit Costs = $131,000
So, Malia's total economic costs for the year were:
Total Economic Costs = Explicit Costs + Implicit Costs
Total Economic Costs = $150,000 + $131,000
Total Economic Costs = $281,000
Therefore, her economic profit can be calculated as:
Economic Profit = Total Revenue - Total Economic Costs
Economic Profit = $200,000 - $281,000
Economic Profit = -$81,000
This means that Malia's business incurred a loss of $81,000 in the first year, after accounting for all explicit and implicit costs. However, since Malia also earned $1,000 in interest income, her net loss for the year was $80,000.
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sun dolphin journey 10-foot sit-on-top fishing kayak
Answer:A sundolphhin?
Explanation:
The Sun Dolphin Journey 10-foot sit-on-top fishing kayak is a versatile and affordable option for fishing enthusiasts. This kayak is made of durable, high-density polyethylene material, which makes it lightweight and easy to transport. It has a large, comfortable seating area with adjustable footrests, providing a comfortable ride even on longer fishing trips.
The kayak also features a variety of convenient storage options, including a large rear compartment with bungee cords, a front storage hatch, and a paddle holder. This makes it easy to carry all the necessary fishing gear and supplies for a successful day on the water.
In terms of performance, the Sun Dolphin Journey 10-foot kayak is stable and easy to maneuver, making it ideal for beginners and experienced kayakers alike. Its sit-on-top design also makes it easy to enter and exit the kayak, as well as providing a clear view of the water and surrounding scenery.
Overall, the Sun Dolphin Journey 10-foot sit-on-top fishing kayak is a great option for anyone looking for an affordable, durable, and versatile kayak for their fishing adventures.
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in a hypothetical insect species, eye color may be purple or red and wings may be long or short. the table shows the results of two crosses where the parents were obtained from a mixed population that did not breed true.
The table displays the results of two crosses where the parents were obtained from a mixed population that did not breed true, showing the inheritance patterns of eye color and wingspan in the hypothetical insect species.
What does the table in the paragraph show about a hypothetical insect species' eye color and wingspan?The given paragraph describes a hypothetical insect species with two observable traits: eye color and wing length.
The eye color can be either purple or red, while the wings can be either long or short. The table provided in the paragraph shows the results of two crosses, where the parents were selected from a mixed population that did not breed true for these traits.
The table presents the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the offspring produced from these crosses.
The data can be used to infer the inheritance pattern of these traits and predict the probability of their occurrence in future generations.
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type of orbital used by carbon in sigma bonds c2h4
In C₂H₄ (ethylene), carbon uses sp2 hybrid orbitals to form sigma bonds.
Each carbon atom in the molecule undergoes hybridization, where one 2s and two 2p orbitals mix to create three sp2 orbitals.
These sp2 orbitals form sigma bonds with adjacent atoms.
One sp2 orbital from each carbon atom forms a sigma bond with a hydrogen atom, while the other two sp2 orbitals bond with another hydrogen atom and the other carbon atom, respectively.
This arrangement creates a trigonal planar geometry around each carbon atom. In addition to sigma bonds, there is also a pi bond between the two carbon atoms, formed by the overlap of unhybridized 2p orbitals.
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the figure shows a cross section of three long straight current-carrying wires. notice we are using the common convention that crosses denote vectors going into the page and dots denote vectors coming out of the page.
In the context of current-carrying wires, the common convention of crosses and dots is used to represent the direction of the current or magnetic field vectors. Crosses denote vectors going into the page (away from you), while dots denote vectors coming out of the page (towards you). This convention helps visualize the three-dimensional aspect of the magnetic fields created by the currents in the wires.
To analyze the magnetic field and forces in a scenario involving three current-carrying wires, you would need to follow these steps:
1. Identify the direction of current in each wire using the crosses and dots convention.
2. Determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by each wire using the right-hand rule.
3. Calculate the magnetic field strength at the position of interest (e.g., the midpoint between two wires) using the Biot-Savart Law or Ampere's Law.
4. Analyze the magnetic forces acting on each wire using the formula F = I(L x B), where F is the force, I is the current, L is the length of the wire segment, and B is the magnetic field.
By following these steps, you can determine the magnetic field and forces involved in the given situation with the three current-carrying wires.
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Sal conducted an online survey to find out which kind of music people like best. The circle graph displays the results. If 250 people responded to the survey, how many people chose rap as their favorite kind of music?
the answers C. 60 pinky promise
all of the following pairs of ions are isoelectronic except which one?
The pair of ions that are not isoelectronic is Fe2+ and Mn3+.
Why is this so?Isoelectronic ions have the same number of electrons as other ions. We must carefully examine the possibilities in order to determine which species are not isoelectronic.
When we count the number of electrons in each pair of ions, we find that Fe2+ has 24 electrons and Mn3+ has 22 electrons. These two species are not isoelectronic because they do not have the same amount of electrons.
So it is correct to state that the pair of ions that are not isoelectronic is Fe2+ and Mn3+.
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Full Question:
Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
All of the following pairs of ions are isoelectronic except which one?
A) Al+ and N3-
B) Fe2+ and Co3+
C) Fe2+ and Mn3+
D) K+ and Ca2+
E) Zn2+ and Cu+