Answers
Answer:
The S phase (Synthesis phase)
DNA replication takes place during the S-phase of interphase, creating two identical sets of DNA. The DNA coils and condenses into units known as chromosomes during the start of mitosis. The two identical sister chromatids that make up each chromosome are joined by a centromere.How does DNA replication work?The biological process of creating two identical copies of DNA from a single original DNA molecule is known as DNA replication.
A double helix of two complementary strands makes up DNA. These strands are split apart in the replication process. The method of semi-conservative replication uses each strand of the original DNA molecule as a template to create its counterpart.
Several enzymes that carry out this process are given below, along with their activities.
____________
DNA Dependent DNA POLYMERASE is a class of enzymes that is responsible for all organisms' DNA replication processes. It accelerates DNA replication in the 5′ to 3′ range.The enzyme known as TOPOISOMERASE is involved in the over- or under-winding of DNA.HELICASE—Using the energy from ATP hydrolysis, which is characterized by the breakdown of hydrogen bonds between annealed nucleotide bases, helicases are frequently employed to separate the strands of a DNA double helix or a self-annealed RNA molecule.DNA GYRASE, a particular kind of topoisomerase, relieves strain caused by DNA helicase's unwinding action.DNA LIGASE- Joins the OKAZAKI FRAGMENT of the lagging strand and re-anneals the semi-conservative strands.PRIMASE - Primase catalyzes the production of a short primer, which is a ssDNA template-specific piece of RNA (or DNA in other species).REPLICATION FORK -(Attachment #1)
_________________
REPLICATION PROCESS -
INITIATION - The beginning of DNA replication takes place at certain locations in the DNA molecule known as ori-sites or regions. Enzymes often recognize these locations and initiate the process. As opposed to C-G base pairs, which produce three hydrogen bonds, A-T base pairs only form two hydrogen bonds, making them easier to strand split. As a result, these sites are typically "AT-rich" (rich in adenine and thymine bases). Following the discovery of the origin, enzymes create a pre-replication complex that unzips the double-stranded DNA. The enzyme topoisomerase is involved in this process.Elongation - The 5'-3' activity of the DNA polymerase enzyme. Now, a new strand was created by DNA polymerase enzymes in the direction of 5′ to 3′ (note: the DNA template is read in 3' to 5' direction). RNA primers were simultaneously created by the primase enzyme and utilized by the polymerase to create new strands of RNA.As DNA polymerase enzyme has 5′ - 3′ direction so two types of strand are form -
LEADING STRAND - A DNA polymerase with high processivity that has the direction 5′ - 3′ (template strand 3′-5′) extends the continuous strand from the primer in the same direction as the replication fork that is expanding. One RNA primer is applied to the leading strand.
LAGGING STRAND - It is the discontinuous strand whose synthesis is going in the opposite direction of the replication fork that is developing. Each primer extends the lagging strand intermittently to create Okazaki fragments. A low processivity DNA polymerase that is different from the replicative polymerase enters to fill the gaps after RNase eliminates the priming RNA pieces. Multiple primers are applied to the lagging strand, and then the Okazaki fragments are joined by the ligase enzyme, filling in the gaps.
TERMINATION - Replication forks meet and end at several locations throughout the chromosome because eukaryotes start DNA replication at various locations; it is unknown how these are controlled. Termination necessitates the halting or blocking of the DNA replication fork's forward motion. When termination occurs at a particular locus, it includes the interaction of two elements: (1) a DNA sequence known as a termination site sequence, and (2) a protein that binds to this region to actually cease DNA replication.
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Related Questions
Which compound contains a triple bond
Answers
Answer:
Alkynes
Explanation:
a bond between two atoms involving six bonding
electrons instead of the usual two covalent single bond
question is in the picture :)
Answers
Answer:
adrenal gland - thyroid
Explanation:
what the incorrectly paired matches should be:
islets of Langerhans - pancreatic cells; pituitary in brain/endocrine system
adrenaline - made in adrenal medulla [in center of adrenal gland]
estrogen - made in ovaries
hope this helps!!
eutrophication is the result of
Answers
Answer:
algae and aquatic plants
Explanation:
results from accumulation of nutrients in lakes or other bodies of water
Answer:
fertilizer runoff
Explanation:
Define Evolution and Natural Selection
Answers
Select the best answer for the question.
2. What should you do if you're asked to do a task that doesn't make sense to you?
A. Consult with your pharmacy professor.
OB. You shouldn't do the task.
OC. Ask your supervisor.
COD. Do it anyway.
Mark for review (Will be highlighted on the review page)
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Answers
oxygen will diffuse into cell in the diagram
why?
Answers
Answer: Because there's a higher concentration of oxygen molecules outside the cell compared to the cell's cytoplasm, you'll see that oxygen diffuses into the cell along this concentration gradient.
Explanation: Your welcome!!!
Oxygen will eventually diffuse into the cell because there is a higher concentration of oxygen molecules present outside the cell with respect to the cytoplasm of the cell.
What is Diffusion?Diffusion may be defined as a type of process through which the movement of individual molecules of a substance takes place from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a semipermeable barrier.
According to the definition of diffusion, the concentration of molecules of oxygen is found to be higher in the outside of the cell as compared to the cytoplasm. So, the molecules of oxygen start the process of diffusion in order to increase the concentration of oxygen in the inner atmosphere of the cell.
Therefore, oxygen will eventually diffuse into the cell because there is a higher concentration of oxygen molecules present outside the cell with respect to the cytoplasm of the cell.
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Which of the following is NOT true about steroid hormones?
Select one:
A. All of the choices are true.
B. They bind on cell membrane receptors.
C. The cannot be made in advance.
D. They have a long half-life.
E. They are derived from cholesterol.
*Physiology*
Answers
All of the choices are true about steroid hormones and is therefore denoted as option A.
What is a Steroid hormone?This substance known as steroid is derived from cholesterol and acts as a hormone in the body.
They have a long half life and bind to nuclear and cell membrane receptors for their appropriate action in the metabolic activities of the body such as homeostasis, immune response etc.
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You can create alignment in your composition by placing items in a blank way
Answers
You can create alignment in your composition by placing items in a linear way.
What is Alignment?Alignment may be characterized as the arrangement of something that is in the appropriate position compared to each other.
Alignment of any objects or things can be effectively done when these items are placed in a linear sequence with definite space between them.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)
(05.04 MC)
According to the hierarchal classification of a select group of organisms given below, which two organisms are most closely related according
to Linnaean taxonomy and why?
Kingdom ANIMALIA
Phylum CHORDATA
Class MAMMALIA
Order CARNIVORA
Felidae
Felis Panthera
catus
pardus
Pardalis
Canidae
Canis
familiaris lupus
Ursidae
orelos
Ursus
horribilus
Canis familiaris and Felis catus, because they belong to the same class
Felis catus and Panthera pardalis, because they belong to the same family
antnera parous and ursus nomnens necause they belong to the same orner
Ursus arclos and Canis lupus, because they belong to the same genus
Answers
The two organisms that are most closely related according to Linnaean taxonomy are Felis catus and Panthera pardalis, because they belong to the same family
What is taxonomic classification?Linnaean system of classification consists of a hierarchy of groupings called taxon. Each taxon is arranged in a hierarchical order.
The hierarchical arrangement of the taxon are as follows:
KingdomPhylum/DivisionClassOrderFamily GenusSpeciesThese taxa are arranged from the most inclusive to the most exclusive i.e. members of the same species are the most closely related in that order.
This suggests that Felis catus and Panthera pardalis are the most closely related because they belong to the same family.
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difference between hypha and mycelium.
Answers
Answer:
The hypha is the building block of a fungus. On the other hand, mycelium refers to the collection of hyphae in a fungus' body. 2. Hyphae are often described as strands, threads, or filaments because of their appearance.
The area in the brain responsible for balance and fine motor control
Answers
Answer: The cerebellum
Explanation:
The cerebellum is responsible for balance, fine motor control, and more. This means that the area in the brain you are looking for is;
The cerebellum
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write the structure of root
Answers
Explanation:
Typical roots contain three different sections, or zones: the meristematic zone, the zone of elongation, and the zone of differentiation. In the meristematic zone, named after the apical meristem, the plant cells undergo rapid mitotic division, creating new cells for root growth.
How did Darwin investigate beauty in nature and human society?
Answers
Answer:
The experience of beauty is one component in a whole series of Darwinian adaptations. Beauty is an adaptive effect which we extend and intensify in the creation and enjoyment of works of art and entertainment. As many of you will know, evolution operates by two main primary mechanisms.
What's the primary way that fungi spread and reproduce on
Earth?
Answers
through spores. These spores are carried by the wind or by other organisms.
Question 6
What role did the bile salts play in Part 3 of this exercise? How do these results correlate with where bile salts occur in the human body?
Answers
Answer:
Ans:They are produced in the liver, directly from cholesterol. Bile salts are important in solubilizing dietary fats in the watery environment of the small intestine.it elements toxins it breakdown the fats and it absorbe important vitamin of your food.
Explanation:
The body's ability to digest fat depends on bile salts. They work as emulsifiers, dissolving lipids into smaller droplets to facilitate enzyme digestion.
After a meal, bile salts are produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and then released into the small intestine. Their presence in bile makes it possible to break down and effectively absorb dietary fats. Some bile salts are recycled by the body after aiding in digestion, thereby saving energy. Bile salts contribute to the body's food intake and normal metabolic processes by helping to ensure efficient fat digestion and absorption.
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Lysis is best described as: A. When a cell takes in too much water from Osmosis, swells, and bursts. B. When a cell loses too much water from Osmosis, and shrinks. C. The balance of concentration inside and outside of the cell. D. The production of energy in the cell.
Answers
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Lysis is best described as :
A. When a cell takes in too much water from Osmosis, swells and bursts.
Hope it helps!
Osmotic lysis is the bursting of a cell caused by an excess of fluid, often known as "cell explosion" or "cytolysis." The cell's membrane is too small to contain the extra fluid, leading the membrane to rupture, or lyse. Thus option A is correct.
What is osmotic lysis ?The bursting or rupturing of a cell membrane caused by the osmotic flow of water into the cell in a hypotonic environment.
Animal cells and certain microorganisms undergo osmotic lysis. Water tends to migrate inside the cell when it is in a hypotonic environment. When the cell membrane can no longer withstand the enormous influx of water, it ruptures.
Because the cell wall contains the turgor pressure, osmotic lysis does not occur in plant cells.
Therefore, lysis is best described as when a cell takes in too much water from Osmosis, swells, and bursts. Thus, option A is correct.
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The picture below shows the structure of one type of organic molecule.
CH3
CH₂
A caffeine molecule
How many carbon atoms does this molecule contain?
O A 6
OB. 10
O C. 7
O D. 8
Answers
RNA is synthesized on a DNA template in a process called ______, which utilizes the enzyme _______.
Answers
Answer:
transcription whic uses transcriptase enzyme
Explanation:
okkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk
You will need a fork, knife, and a spoon for the "predators" to "catch" the "prey". For the "prey" you will need three different objects (3 of each). Consider beans, uncooked pasta, or cotton balls.
Answer the following questions.
Which prey type do you think will avoid capture more often than the other prey types?
Which predator do you think will succeed in capturing the most prey?
Answers
In the simulation, the prey type that will avoid capture the most is the beans while the predator that will succeed in capturing the most prey is the spoon.
What are predator-prey relationships?Predator-prey relationships are feeding relationships in which one organism kills and eats another organism for food.
The organism that kills the other is called the predator while the organism that is killed is called the prey.
In the simulation, the prey type that will avoid capture the most is the beans since it had the smallest surface area and size.
The predator that will succeed in capturing the most prey is the spoon because of its hollow nature.
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b. If our forest supplies are used up faster than they are replenished, what products could be missing or hard to get in our society?
Answers
Any wooden furniture such as beds, tables, and chairs will be hard to obtain. Pencils,books, and paper will also be limited because they are wood products l.
it is more beneficial to educate a male child than q female child
Answers
Answer: no
Explanation:
All people are equal and deserve equal opportunities. In Islam particularly, education is vital and it is often found in the Quran that "knowledge is power". Also, Islam explains that women are naturally smarter or at least their brains develop faster so if you really wanted to talk about who it is more beneficial to teach, some may say women. Not to mention that there are more women in higher education, where it is equally accessible, than men.
What is the name for a
complex, organized group of organisms?
Answers
Answer:
[tex]\textsf {species}[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]\textsf {The term used to describe a complex, organized group of organisms}\\\textsf {would be species.}[/tex]
What do stabilizing selection and directional selection have in common?
A. They are both forms of genetic drift.
B. They both decrease genetic variation.
C. They are both caused by female choice.
D. They both favor extreme phenotypes.
Answers
Answer:
they both decrease genetic variation
Which of the following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes? select all that apply
Increased action of cilia
Loss of epidermal tissue
Decreased urine flow
Decreased interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
Increased intestinal motility
Answers
The following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes are the Loss of epidermal tissue.
What is pathogenic invasion?The invasion of a number with the aid of using a pathogen can be aided with the aid of using the manufacturing of bacterial extracellular materials which act in opposition to the host with the aid of using breaking down number one or secondary defenses of the frame. Medical microbiologists talk to those materials as invasins.
Active cells, referred to as fibroblasts produce collagenous fibers and floor substances. Blood vessels quickly develop into the epidermis, restoring circulation. If the damage may be very minor, the epithelial cells sooner or later repair the dermis as soon as the epidermis has been regenerated.
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What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?
OA Plants aboots carbon dioxide.
OB. Animals produce carbon dioxide.
OC. Plants release oxygen.
OD. Animals absors oxygen.
Answers
In a one D process, how many D values would it take to reduce a population of 1010 cells to one surviver?
Answers
10 D values would it take to reduce a population of 1010 cells to one survivor.
How is the D value used?The significance of a chemical mechanism can be connected to the antagonism of a specific microbiological species that can be utilised as a biological indicator (BI), and can be defined in words of decimal decrease time (D-value).
Thus, 10 D values would it take to reduce a population of 1010 cells to one survivor.
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During the mining process, which step immediately follows separating the mineral from the waste rock?
refining
distribution
crushing and milling
drilling and blasting asap please
Answers
Comminution
In order to separate the valuable components of an ore from the waste rock, the minerals must be liberated from their interlocked state physically by comminution.
The step that immediately follows separating the mineral from the waste rock during the mining process is crushing and milling. Therefore, the correct statement is option C.
What is crushing and milling?When the mineral gets separated from the waste rock in the form of large chunks, it further needs to be processed before it can be used. Crushing and milling break down the mineral into smaller pieces, which are easy to be processed early and refined.
Crushing uses mechanical force to break down the mineral, while milling grinds the mineral into a fine powder using heavy machinery such as crushers, ball mills, etc.
After the crushing and milling process, the mineral is more suitable for further processing, which involves additional steps such as flotation, leaching, etc. The final product formed is then distributed to the market.
Therefore, crushing and milling involve separating the mineral from the waste rock during the mining process.
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The insertion of the human insulin gene into the bacterium Escherichia coli allowed it to produce human insulin. Which type of organism is E. coli?
restriction organism
recombinant organism
transgenic organism
vector organism
Answers
The bacterium E.coli is a transgenic organism because human insulin is artificially produced through E. coli by genetically engineered processes. Thus, the correct option is C.
What is Human insulin?Human insulin may be defined as a type of medication that functions as a hormone that controls the excessive level of glucose in the blood. Human insulin is utilized to accept the place of insulin that is naturally produced by the body.
Through a genetically engineered process, the insulin-producing gene is transferred to E. coli with the help of a plasmid vector, and then the human insulin is synthesized in the E. coli which is then extracted and injected into humans.
Therefore, the correct option is C.
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Answer: transgenic organism
Explanation: got it right on edge
How do fish live in the nature without dying out of eating all the time?
Answers
Answer:
Fish not only live in water, but they get oxygen from water. They breathe by taking water into their mouths and forcing it out through gill passages
Explanation:
Which type of cloud resembles a puffy cotton ball?
A. Cirrus
OB. Cumulonimbus
C. Cumulus
D. Stratus
Answers
The cumulus type of cloud resembles a puffy cotton ball. Thus, the correct option is C.
What are the different types of clouds?The different types of clouds may include cirrus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus (high clouds), altostratus, altocumulus, nimbostratus (middle cloud), stratus, stratocumulus (low cloud), and cumulus, cumulonimbus (vertical cloud).
Cumulus clouds skim like fluffy, white cotton balls in the sky. This type of cloud appears beautiful at the time of sunset and is scattered throughout.
Their tops are spherical, puffy, and illuminated white when sunshiny, while their posteriors are dull and moderately shady.
Therefore, the correct option for this question is C.
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Answer:
C. Cumulus
Explanation:
Just took it btw<3