Describe the mechanisms of ROT Cipher and Columnar Transposition. What can you do to break these ciphers?

Answers

Answer 1

The ROT cipher is a Caeser cipher where each letter is changed to its numerical value plus a pre-chosen number. This can be easily cracked using frequency analysis to determine how far the most common letters (like T or S or H) are being shifted. Columnar transposition can also be broken with a statistical method, but is much harder.


Related Questions

11000011 00010011 00111010 00011101 / 00010010
In this example of IP address, determine: class, hostID, netID.

Answers

Answer:

Just imagine asalt rifle XD it be firing salts.....need some salt? Ask the asalt rifle.

Explanation:

Data mining is an integral part of knowledge discovery in database (KDD), which is the overall process of converting ____ into _____. a. primary data / secondary data b. input data / output data c. raw data / useful information d. input data / data fusion

Answers

Answer:

c. raw data / useful information

Explanation:

Data mining can be described as the cat of converting raw data into useful information.

In simple terms it can be defined as the process of extracting usable data from a much larger set or data(raw). This is done through the use of various softwares that support the process.

Through data mining patterns, anomalies, correlations etc are found in the data which is then used in the prediction of likely outcomes.

A technology-literate knowledge worker: A. knows how and when to apply technology B. is a computer savvy worker C. knows all computer programming languages D. is knowledgeable about emerging technology

Answers

Answer:

A. knows how and when to apply technology

Explanation:

Technology can be defined as a branch of knowledge which typically involves the process of applying, creating and managing practical or scientific knowledge to solve problems and improve human life. Technologies are applied to many fields in the world such as medicine, information technology, cybersecurity, engineering, environmental etc.

A technology-literate knowledge worker knows how and when to apply technology. This ultimately implies that, someone who is well grounded or informed about a technology understands how and when to apply technology.

Basically, knowing how to use a technology simply means he or she understands the appropriate method or technique to be used in the application of a technology such as when solving a problem. Also, knowing when to use a technology means to know the appropriate time to use a particular technology without it having any repercussion or adverse effect.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Think about it like this:

A literate person in writing doesn't just know letters, they know how to put them together. Now put that in terms of computers.

Assistive Technologies: You have just purchased a new computer and, because of a visual impairment, you are having trouble reading the information on the screen. What are your next steps

Answers

Answer:

The definition has been mentioned below and according to the situation described.

Explanation:

If you already have recently purchased a new device and also have a visual disability condition, you increasing considering utilizing a few available assistive resources, such as screen readers, magnifiers, huge-print keyboards, as well as applications and resources for navigating assistance.  These resources are explicitly available for those instances often come pre-installed in a device window throughout today's context.

Write a function password_check() that takes as input two strings newpassword and oldpassword, and accepts the new password (i.e., returns True) if newpassword is different from oldpassword and newpassword is at least 6 letters long. If the new password fails the check, your functions should return False

Answers

In python:

def password_check(newpassword, oldpassword):

   return True if newpassword != oldpassword and len(newpassword) >= 6 else False

Just for clarification, that return statement is on one line. I hope this helps!

write a C recursion function that can determine if a given number is a prime number. Must use recursion. g

Answers

A number is classified as a prime if it is greater than one and is divisible only by one and by itself. Only natural numbers are classified as prime. Before knowing more about the prime number, it is important to remember some rules of divisibility, which help in the identification of which numbers are not prime.

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int prime_number(int, int);  

int main()

{

   int num, tmp;

   printf("Input any integer number: ");

   scanf("%d", &num);

   tmp = prime_number(num, num / 2);

   if (tmp == 1)

   {

       printf("%d is a prime number\n", num);

   }

   else

   {

       printf("%d is not a prime number\n", num);

   }

   return 0;

}

 

int prime_number(int num, int i)

{

   if (i == 1)

   {

       return 1;

   }

   else

   {

      if (num % i == 0)

      {

        return 0;

      }

      else

      {

        return prime_number(num, i - 1);

      }        

   }

}

Write a program that asks the user for a string of lowercase letters and numbers. The program should evaluate the string and report the number of vowels ('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u') and numbers ('0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9') in the string.

Answers

Answer:

Follows are the code to this question:

def vowel(x):#defining a method vowel that accept a parameter

   return(x=='a' or x=='e' or x=='i' or x=='o' or x=='u')#return char value

def number(x):#defining a method number that accept a parameter

   return(x=='0' or x=='1' or x=='2' or x=='3' or x=='4' or x=='5' or x=='6' or x=='7' or x=='8' or x=='9')#return number value

def main():#defining main method

   s=input("Enter a string: ")#defining string variable

   v=0#defining integer variable

   n=0#defining integer variable

   for f in s:#defining for loop for count value

       if vowel(f):#defining if to check vowel

           v=v+1#count vowel value

       elif number(f):#defining elif for count number

           n=n+1#count number value

   print("Total vowels: ",v)#print vowels value

   print("Total numbers: ",n)#print numbers value

main()

Output:

Enter a string: 678qeaft

Total vowels:  2

Total numbers:  3

Explanation:

In the above program code, three methods, "vowel, number and main" is defined, in which "vowel and number" accept an x variable in its parameter and return a value with their respective name.

Inside the main method a string variable "s" is defined that accepts a string value and defines an "n and v" integer variable, and in the for loop, it calls the above methods to use the integer variable to count string and number value and print its calculated value.

What is a ribbon or ribbions in Microsoft Word?

Answers

A set of toolbars at the top of the window. Design to help you quickly find the commands.
A set of toolbar at the top of the window.

Functions of a microcomputer

Answers

Answer:

Many functions can have less amount of storage can have a small CPU could have smaller mother board units and also have different types of programming

Python uses sequencing to
A) allow the code to run faster
B) carryt out a series of steps
C) let the computer pick the order of the steps
D) make the code easier to read
plz help this is exammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

Answers

Answer:

B: Carry out a series of steps

Explanation:

Sequences is a general term for ordered sets. It tells in a set order what the program needs to do

PogChamp

Answer:

b

Explanation:

A computer provides each process with 65,536 bytes of physical address space divided into page-frames of 4096 bytes. A particular program has a text size of 32,768 bytes, a data size of 16,386 bytes, and a stack size of 15,870 bytes. Will this program fit in the address space?

Answers

Answer:

No, we require 17 pages but we have only 16 pages available

Explanation:

As computer provide allocated address space is 65,536 which is 2∧16 bytes and page size is 4096 bytes which is 2^12 bytes.

Therefore, the number that can be formed with each 4096 bytes are 16 pages (2^16 / 2^12 = 2^4).

That program text size is 32,768 bytes which is equal to 8 pages (32768/4096 = 8).

The data of the program require 16386 bytes which is equal to 5 pages (16386/4096 = 4.005) and the stack of that program require 4 pages (15870/4096 = 3.875).

Therefore, the program requires 17 pages but have only 16 pages that's why it doesn't fit in address space.

Write the HTML code to make the text "Learn Magic" link to a page called "magic-tricks.html”.

Answers

Answer:

The answer to this question is given below in the explanation section.

Explanation:

The below code is written in HTML

************************************************************************************************

 <!DOCTYPE html>

<!--html start from here and this is comment line -->

<html lang="en-US">  

<body> <!--html body start from here -->

<!-- a link attribute is given below that links another file (magic-tricks)  in the same folder -->  

<p><a href="magic-tricks.html">Learn Magic</a></p>

</body><!--html body end at here -->

</html>

<!--html end at here and this is comment line -->

*************************************************************************************************

When you run this code, it is neccessary     for you to create another html file in same folder and named it "magic-tricks". When you will run the code into any browser and link "learn magic" will appear, as you will click on it "magic-tricks.html" file will get open.

     

Question #4
Multiple Select
Which of the following statements are true regarding abstraction? Select 3 options.

O Creating a model must occur before abstraction.

O Refinement is the opposite of abstraction.

O Abstraction provides a way to see a complex situation more clearly.

O The level of abstraction needed depends on the situation and your goals.

O Abstraction is a process where details are added to further define the problem.

Answers

Answer:

B: the level of abstraction needed depends on the situation and your goals

C: refinement is the oppostie of abstraction

E: abstraction provides a way to see a complex situtation more clearly

Explanation:

I just completed the assignemnet and was checking it while I made this answer.

Doors and windows are important compositional elements that impact the facade of a building True False​

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

what are the commonly used computer categories.

Answers

Answer:

PCs (Personal Computers) with Microsoft Windows

Explanation:

i used google. hope this helped!!!

Which three actions can be done to panels to customize a user's Photoshop space?
Report them
Show them
Cast them
Separate them
Nest them

Answers

Answer:

Show them

Separate them

Nest them

Explanation:

In Photoshop space, the three actions that can be done to panels to customize a user's space is to show them, make them visible then nest them, and separate them.

In Python
Write a constructor with parameters self, num_mins and num_messages. num_mins and num_messages should have a default value of 0.

Sample output with one plan created with input: 200 300, one plan created with no input, and one plan created with input: 500
My plan... Mins: 200 Messages: 300
Dad's plan... Mins: 0 Messages: 0
Mom's plan... Mins: 500 Messages: 0

Answers

class Messaging:

   txt = ""

   first = 0

   second = 0

   def __init__(self, num_mins=0, num_messages=0):

       self.txt = input("Who's plan is this? ")

       self.first = num_mins

       self.second = num_messages

   def print_Something(self):

       print(f"{self.txt} Mins: {self.first} Messages: {self.second}")

obj = Messaging(100, 100)

obj.print_Something()

If you want to change what's printed to the console, just manipulate the values in Messaging(). Leave them blank for 0.

Please define identity theft

Answers

the action or crime of stealing.

Answer:

Identity theft is the deliberate use of someone else's identity, usually as a method to gain a financial advantage or obtain credit and other benefits in the other person's name, and perhaps to the other person's disadvantage or loss

Explanation:

Alina needs to e-mail an Excel spreadsheet to a colleague. What is the best method to send the file if she does not want the colleague to easily make changes to the original file?

selecting Send Using E-mail and sending a link
selecting Send Using E-mail and sending as a PDF
selecting Send Using E-mail and sending as an attachment
selecting Send Using E-mail and sending as a published document

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

4. What is the output of the following code snippet? void prevnext(int a, int& prv, int nxt) { prv = a - 1; nxt = a + 1; } int main() { int a = 100; int b = 0;

Answers

Answer:

Previous = 99, Next = 101

Explanation:

Given that a = 100

Previous says that it's formula is a - 1, where a = 100.

Therefore, previous code would show in its output as 100 - 1. 100 - 1 = 99.

Thus, the output of previous code will be 99

Like with previous, Next says that it's formula is a + 1, where a = 100.

Therefore, the next code would show in its output as 100 + 1. 100 + 1 = 101

Thus, the output of previous code will be 101

I hope that's explanatory enough. Thanks.

Some systems automatically delete all user files when a user logs off or a job terminates, unless the user explicitly requests that they be kept. Other systems keep all files unless the user explicitly deletes them. Discuss the relative merits of each approach.

Answers

Answer:

Follows are the Scenario to this question:

Explanation:

Scenario 1:

Removing files trying to follow patient problems is effectively preserving a lot of bandwidth unless defined. Because the device doesn't allow unnecessary data to also be saved, and All system storage is also protected.

Its system efficiency also is increased as its device erases data which are not needed around the same time.

Scenario 2:

It is possible that its consumer unintentionally keeps forgetting to save information, and in that case, the user may lose a lot. Everything is therefore deleted before ensuring its customer.

Its machine may also be closed down due to varying any or even all model calibration, so that storage capacity helps to restore as the backup is still preserved.

Which data type is -7?
O string
O int
O float
O single

Answers

Answer:

It's an int... Choose B

Answer:

int

Explanation:

correct on edge

PLEASE HURRY!!!
Look at the image below!

Answers

The value of category will be normal because the if statement is false and the first elif statement is false but the second elif statement is true.

Which type of programming language translates all lines of code together and then executes them at once?

Compiled
Interpreted
Machine
Python

Answers

Answer:

Compiled

Explanation:

Write a Python function to get the first half of a specified string of even length. Suppose the input string is "Python" ,after calling the function, we should see the output "Pyt"

Answers

In python:

def get_even(txt):

   return txt[0:int((len(txt) / 2))]

We can test our function with the following code:

print(get_even("Python")) This returns "Pyt" in the console.

I hope this helps!

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Which arithmetic operation is used by a signed binary comparator to determine if two operands are equal

Answers

Answer:

Equality Operators

Explanation:

The equality operators, which are often written as "equal (==), and not-equal (!=)" are technically used by a signed binary comparator to determine if two operands are equal or not equal. They produce 1 in a situation where both operands have equal value, and 0 if they do not have equal value.

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is Equality Operators.

Which physical activity can you perform at the office to avoid strain?
A.
blink your eyes often
B.
cycling
C.
physiotherapy
D.
resting for long hours

Answers

D. Because otherwise you work yourself overtime which is unhealthy for the body :D

Answer:

ill say eyes because straining your eyes hurts so a

Explanation:

Consider a 16 GByte memory (16G locations each holding one byte). What is the number of address lines (N)?

Answers

Answer:

Number of address lines (N) = 34

Explanation:

16G locations each holding 1 byte

           byte

1g    1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1

2g

3g

.

.

.

16g

note that; 1 byte = 8 bit

therefore for 16G location, address line(N) will be:

since it is known that [tex]2^{N}[/tex] = 16G   ,and   1 gigabyte = [tex]2^{30}[/tex] byte

∴ 16G = 16 × [tex]2^{30}[/tex]

          = 2⁴ × 2³⁰

          = 2³⁴

since [tex]2^{N}[/tex] = 16G

∴    [tex]2^{N}[/tex] = 2³⁴

N = 34

Given this instruction mix and the assumption that an arithmetic instruction requires 2 cycles, a load/store instruction takes 6 cycles, and a branch instruction takes 3 cycles, find the average CPI.

Answers

Answer:

2.6

Explanation:

I am assuming that for any given program, that 70% of it's executed instructions happen to be arithmetic, another 10% happen to be load/store, and finally, a 20% happen to be branch. If so, then I can say

Average CPI =

3Σi=1 Percentage of instructions * CPI

Average CPI = (0.7 * 2) + (0.1 * 6) + (0.2 * 3)

Average CPI = 1.4 + 0.6 + 0.6

Average CPI = 2.6

PLEASE HURRY!!!
Look at the image below!

Answers

The first, third, and last are correct.

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If 400,000 pairs of theSilver Tab Baggy jeans were bought, approximately how many of the Offender jeans were bought? -5(-5w+5)-7w=2(w-9)-3Solve and check A line contains the points 6,23 and 12, 39 what is the slope of this line What is the equation of the line that passes through the point (-5, -3) and has aslope of -1 write a letter to your friend in another school telling him about your new schoolask write a letter to a very close friend who is in America write a villain What is the missing line of code?>>> sentence = "Programming is fun!">>>'grO sentence[3:6)O sentence[2:6)sentence(3:5)O sentence[2:5) which of the following best describes the Soviet union A student evaluates the equation y=2x+5 , using a variety of values for x . After evaluating the equation the student claims: "When x is a positive integer then y is also a positive integer and when x is a negative integer then y is also a negative integer." What is a value of x that proves that the student's claim is NOT true? I will brainlist! How did mathematics change conceptions of the universe? Find the value of f(2).y = f(x)10864-10-8-6-4-2246810-24-6-8-10 Cmo se dice please en espaol?1. gracias 2. de nada3. s4. por favor A triangle has coordinates F(2, 3), G(4, 1), and H(2, 2). The triangle is translated and its image has coordinates F(0, 0), G(2, 2), and H(0, 5).What is the correct rule for the translation?(x, y) Right-arrow (x + 2, y + 3)(x, y) Right-arrow (x + 2, y 3)(x, y) Right-arrow(x 2, y + 3)(x, y) Right-arrow (x 3, y+ 2) Complete the steps to find the value of X PLZ HELP LOTS OF POINTS!! declaration of independence essay Rainy Daysby Farah Rehman The sky grew dark and cloudy, and a fresh, cool breeze began to blow. The birds chirped loudly, as if to announce their anticipation of the first showers of rain. Finally, what felt like a light drizzle quickly turned into a gushing shower that bathed the surroundings and made the trees look greener than ever. Lexie had been repeatedly going to the window all morning to see if it was raining, and when she saw the pouring rain, she almost cried. "Oh goodness, it's raining again. I'm sick of the rain. I'm going to get soaked and cold anytime I step out of the house. I wish it would never rainit's so damp and annoying," she said to her cousin Dana, who was dreamily gazing at the rain with a smile on her face. "Come on, Lexie. Don't be so sad. Rain makes everything feel cool and refreshed. Besides, we need the rain for so many reasons. Imagine what would happen if it never rained! Humans, plants, trees, birds, and animals would have no water to drink. See? There is a bright side to the rain. Instead of complaining, you should be thankful for the rain," said Dana. "Hmm...I guess you are right. Even mom tells me that I complain and sulk too often." Dana reminded Lexie of her sweater story. When Dana was visiting Lexie last year, she forgot her favorite sweater on the bus. She called the bus company, but the sweater was nowhere to be found. "Remember how sad I was?" she asked Lexie. "I loved that sweater. Everyone used to say how much it flattered me. But I had to accept the fact that it was gone forever. I had to move on and just wear my other sweaters. And you know what? They weren't so bad." Lexie pondered Dana's words and told her that she dealt with the situation in a mature way. She said, "If I were in your place, I would have thrown tantrums and complained for days. I surely can learn a thing or two from you, my wise cousin." Dana smiled at Lexie and said, "Yeah, and I do believe you are capable of making small changes.How does Lexie's point of view about the rain differ from Dana's point of view? A. Lexie feels that the rain is too strong and will make her late for the bus, while Dana thinks that the rain makes everything clean and beautiful. B. Lexie finds the rain annoying because she only thinks of how it will affect her, while Dana is grateful for the rain as she thinks of how it will benefit others. C. Lexie is happy for the rain because she knows how useful it is, while Dana thinks that the rain will make her sick and everything will be cold and annoying. D. Lexie thinks that the rain is good for the birds, because they feel fresh and clean, while Dana thinks the rain will make everyone get sick. YOU WILL GET 31 POINTS IF YOU ANSWER AND GET THIS CORRECT.What positive developments resulted from the conditions in China during the Warring States period? A.The need to have more soldiers resulted in less crowding in cities. B.The need to build stronger walls led to advances in architecture. C.The need to supply large armies resulted in increased food supplies. D.The need to have better protection led to innovations in tools and weapons.