Answer:
Answer is explained in the explanation section below.
Explanation:
Penetration refers to the proximity of electrons in an orbital to the nucleus.
Deeper-penetrating electrons have less shielding and therefore a higher Effective nuclear charge (Zeff), but they better shield other electrons.
To illustrate penetration, we may use the idea of Zeff, or effective nuclear charge. It's actually the difference between the number of charged protons and the number of shielded electrons. To put it another way, how effective the nucleus is at attracting electrons. Since they do not shield themselves, the core electrons penetrate the most and are exposed to the most strong nuclear charge.
The electron probability density is highest in the orbital's centre or nucleus for 28-orbitals.
In a multi-electron unit, the electron density near the nucleus of an atom for each shell and subshell of an electron is used to measure the nucleus penetration by an electron.
Since it has a higher electron density near the nucleus, the 2s electron penetrates the nucleus of the atom more than the 2p electron.
A 2s electron is less well shielded by the core electrons than a 2p electron because it can spend more time near the nucleus as a result of the penetration.
Mathematical Expression:
v = [tex]\frac{-Zeff * e^{z} }{r^{2} }[/tex]
please help due in 2 minutes
Answer:
1
Explanation:
the answer is the first option because it's at less of an incline than the others, hope this helps!
What is the pH of a 0.00200 M HCl solution?
Answer:
pH value of HCL = 2.69897
Explanation:
Given:
Concentration of HCL = 0.002 M
Find:
pH value of HCL
Computation:
pH value of HCL = - log(Concentration of HCL)
pH value of HCL = - log(0.002)
pH value of HCL = 2.69897
What occurs in photosynthesis reaction
Answer and Explanation:
Photosynthesis reaction involves two reactants, carbon dioxide and water. These two reactants yield two products, namely, oxygen and glucose.
How many moles is 245.2g zinc?
there are 3.7503824 moles in 245.2g of zinc
AmbienTM is a sedative used in the treatment of insomnia. It was discovered in 1982 and brought to market in 1992 (it takes a long time for new drugs to undergo the extensive testing required to receive approval from the Food and Drug Administration). Identify the hybridization state and geometry of each carbon atom in the structure of this compound:
Answer:
sp3 - 1,2,13,16,18,19
sp2- 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,17
sp- 0
Explanation:
Hybridization is the idea that atomic orbitals fuse to form newly hybridized orbitals, which in turn, influences molecular geometry and bonding properties (Chemlibretexts).
Carbon atoms that are singly bonded are sp3 hybridized, carbon atoms that are doubly bonded are sp2 hybridized while carbon atoms that are triply bonded are sp hybridized.
Sp3 hybridized atoms have a tetrahedral geometry, sp2 hybridized atoms have a trigonal planar geometry while an sp hybridized atom has a linear geometry.
The hybridization state of each atom in the compound has been shown in the answer section.
How many MOLECULES are in 5.0 grams of sodium chloride? (Use "molecules" as your unit...Enter as 9.9 x 10^99 molecules)
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 5.2 *10^{22} \ molecules \ NaCl}}[/tex]
Explanation:
1. Convert grams to moles
First, convert grams to moles using the molar mass. This can be found on the Periodic Table.
Na: 22.9897693 g/molCl: 35.45 g/molSodium (Na) has an oxidation state of +1 and chlorine (Cl) has an oxidation state of -1, so they combine in a 1:1 ratio for a formula of NaCl. We can simply add their moles masses.
NaCl: 22.9897693 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol = 58.4397693 g/molUse this as a ratio.
[tex]\frac {58.4397693 \ g \ NaCl}{ 1 \ mol \ NaCl}[/tex]
Multiply by the given number of grams.
[tex]5.0 \ g \ NaCl *\frac {58.4397693 \ g \ NaCl}{ 1 \ mol \ NaCl}[/tex]
Flip the fraction so the grams of sodium chloride cancel.
[tex]5.0 \ g \ NaCl *\frac {1 \ mol \ NaCl}{ 58.4397693 \ g \ NaCl}[/tex]
[tex]5.0 *\frac {1 \ mol \ NaCl}{ 58.4397693 }=\frac {5.0 \ mol \ NaCl} { 58.4397693 } = 0.0855581749 \ mol \ NaCl[/tex]
2. Convert moles to molecules
We must use Avogadro's Number. This tells us the amount of particles (molecules, atoms, etc.) in 1 mole of a substance. In this case, it is molecules of sodium chloride.
[tex]\frac{6.022*10^{23} \ molecules \ NaCl} {1 \ mol \ NaCl}[/tex]
Multiply by the number of moles we calculated.
[tex]0.0855581749 \ mol \ NaCl*\frac{6.022*10^{23} \ molecules \ NaCl} {1 \ mol \ NaCl}[/tex]
The moles of sodium chloride cancel.
[tex]0.0855581749 *\frac{6.022*10^{23} \ molecules \ NaCl}{1}=5.15231329*10^{22} \ molecules \ NaCl[/tex]
The original measurement of grams has 2 (2 and 0) significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the hundredth place. The 5 in the hundredth place tells us to round the 1 to a 2.
[tex]5.2 *10^{22} \ molecules \ NaCl[/tex]
Definition of specific heat
Answer and Explanation:
Heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).
Answer:
the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree)
Hope it helps!!
Suppose you are provided with a 30.86 g sample of potassium chlorate to perform this experiment. What is the mass of oxygen you expect
to release upon heating?
Answer:
The mass of oxygen is 12.10 g.
Explanation:
The decomposition reaction of potassium chlorate is the following:
2KClO₃(s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O₂(g)
We need to find the number of moles of KClO₃:
[tex] \eta_{KClO_{3}} = \frac{m}{M} [/tex]
Where:
m: is the mass = 30.86 g
M: is the molar mass = 122.55 g/mol
[tex] \eta_{KClO_{3}} = \frac{30.86 g}{122.55 g/mol} = 0.252 moles [/tex]
Now, we can find the number of moles of O₂ knowing that the ratio between KClO₃ and O₂ is 2:3
[tex] \eta_{O_{2}} = \frac{3}{2}*0.252 moles = 0.378 moles [/tex]
Finally, the mass of O₂ is:
[tex] m = 0.378 moles*32 g/mol = 12.10 g [/tex]
Therefore, the mass of oxygen is 12.10 g.
I hope it helps you!
Heat flows from hotter objects to colder objects until it reaches a state where heat is no longer flowing. What have the objects reached when heat is no longer
flowing?
Answer:
It has reaced thermal equlibrum
10. Which of the following metals reacts vigorously with oxygen?
(A) Zinc (B) Magnesium (C) Sodium (D) Copper
Answer: the answer is C
Um pls mark me as brainliest
Explanation:
Identify two characteristics of water that are a result of its molecular structure. Describe how each characteristic is related to the molecular structure of water.
Answer:
Explained below
Explanation:
1) Hydrogen bonds are formed between molecules
All these is because the bonds are flexible in such a manner that in the liquid phase, the molecules are relatively close to each other.
However, it is also noted that the hexagonal arrangement of ice is formed the bonds will be locked in place which will result in the average distance between molecules actually increasing which in turn means given a result that ice is less dense than liquid water.
B) Water possesses a high boiling point: This is because the Hydrogen oxygen bond or O-H bonds are highly polar and the Hydrogen atoms in this bond are located at two corners of the tetrahedron shaped like bond shape which gives water it's high molecular polarity in which in turn makes the molecules to stick together.
A 45 ml sample of nitrogen gas is cooled from 135 degrees celsius to 15 degrees Celsius in a container that can contract or expand at constant pressure. What is the new volume of nitrogen gas?
Answer:
32 mL
Explanation:
To answer this question we'll use Charles' law, which relates the temperature and volume of a gas at constant pressure:
V₁T₂=V₂T₁
Now we convert the given temperatures to K:
T₁ = 135 °C ⇒ 135 + 273.16 = 408.16 KT₂ = 15 °C ⇒ 15 + 273.16 = 288.16 KAnd given that V₁ = 45 mL, we can input the data:
45 mL * 288.16 K = V₂ * 408.16 KAnd solve for V₂:
V₂ = 32 mLAnswer for brainliest
Answer:
hey I am answering now so does that mean I get brainliest
Sugar is made of carbon , hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. sugar is ?
Answer:
The white stuff we know as sugar is sucrose, a molecule composed of 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen, and 11 atoms of oxygen (C12H22O11). Like all compounds made from these three elements, sugar is a carbohydrate.
Explanation:
9. During which phase of Mitosis does the Cell start to get ready to divid
Prophase
O Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Hello,
QUESTION)TelephaseDuring telophase, the cell, each pole of which inherits the same number of single chromosomes, begins to divide into 2: this is cytodieresis.
Is the bond length in HCl the same as that in DCl? The wavenumbers of the J = 0 1 rotational transitions for H35Cl and 2H35Cl are 20.8784 and 10.7840 cm–1, respectively. Accurate atomic masses are H = 1.007825 amu, 2H = 2.0140 amu, and 35Cl = 34.96885 amu. Based on this information alone, can you conclude that the bond lengths are the same or different in the two molecules?
I need help please <33
Answer:
Option 3 is correct.
The atomic nucleus of each element has a unique number of protons. Therefore, the energy of the electron layers of the atoms of each element is unique.
If we have the energy released from each electron transfer between the layers of the atom, we can identify the element.
What process at the surface of the Earth is part of the formation of sedimentary rocks?
A. the cycle of day and night
B. water depositing sediment in layers
C. magma rising from the Earth's mantle
D. rain falling into the ocean
Answer:
Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of pieces (clasts) of pre-existing rocks. Pieces of rock are loosened by weathering, then transported to some basin or depression where sediment is trapped. If the sediment is buried deeply, it becomes compacted and cemented, forming sedimentary rock.
please give brainliest
Given the unbalanced equation:
_C3H8(g) + _O2(g) -> _H2O(g) + _CO2(g)
When the equation is completely balanced using
smallest whole numbers, the coefficient of O2
Answer:
C3H8 + 502 ----> 3CO2 + 4H20
Explanation:
Where does thermal energy go? Assuming you forgot your hot food and came after a while and found it cold now. Where did the energy go?
Can the decay half-life of a radioactive material be changed?
Answer:
Yes.....
Explanation:
the decay half-life of a radioactive material can be changed. Radioactive decay happens when an unstable atomic nucleus spontaneously changes to a lower-energy state and spits out a bit of radiation. ... It is impossible to predict when an individual radioactive atom will decay.
3. An object's kinetic energy remains constant as long as:
A. an object remains the same size and continues to move at the same
speed
B. an object remains the same size
C. an object continues to move at the same speed
D. an object doesn't move
Answer:
A
Explanation:
the kinetic energy also depends on mass so kinetic energy remains constant as mass and speed are constant
What is the electron configuration for
beryllium (atomic number = 4)?
А
B
1s22s
2.
2s22p
2
Answer:
1s22s2
Explanation:
iron (II) chloride + chlorine gas
iron (III) chloride
Answer:
Fe2Cl + Chlorine
Explanation:
Fe2Cl2
Suppose you are titrating an acid solution with a base solution of known concentration. To calculate the concentration of the acid solution, use three steps.
1. Use the____of base____the endpoint and the known concentration of the base solution to find the_____of base used.
2. Use the_____to find the moles of acid from the moles of base.
3. Divide the moles of acid by the volume of_____the titration to find the concentration of acid.
Answer:
To calculate the concentration of the acid solution, use three steps.
1. Use the volume of base used at the endpoint and the known concentration of the base solution to find the moles of base used.
2. Use the stoichiometry to find the moles of acid from the moles of base.
3. Divide the moles of acid by the volume of acid used in the titration to find the concentration of acid.
Explanation:
Titration is the process used in volumetric analysis to determine the amount of a substance present in a given sample.
In any titration, a solution of known concentration known as the standard solution is used to react with a solution of of unknown concentration. The reacting volumes of the solutions are then used to calculate the unknown concentration of the second solution.
In acid-base neutralization reactions, an equivalence point/endpoint of the neutralization titration is obtained and is the point at which the moles of H+ is equal to the moles of OH- . An indicator is used to indicate the equivalence point during a titration by a color change observed in the indicator.
In order to calculate the concentration of an acid, we need to know accurately, use three steps:
1. Use the volume of base used at the endpoint and the known concentration of the base solution to find the moles of base used.
2. Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the moles of acid from the moles of base.
3. Divide the moles of acid by the volume of acid used in the titration to find the concentration of acid.
In order to calculate the concentration of a base, use three steps:
1. Use the volume of acid used at the endpoint and the known concentration of the acid solution to find the moles of acids used.
2. Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the moles of base from the moles of acid.
3. Divide the moles of base by the volume of base used in the titration to find the concentration of base.
How many grams is 5.32 x 1022 atoms of Na?
Explanation:
hope you can see the pic
I already solved it in the pic I uploaded
Why don't the particles in a solid move past one another?
Answer:
the attractive forces keep the particles together tightly enough so that the particles do not move past each other.
Explanation:
In the solid the particles vibrate in place.
What is the concentration of a strong base solution (of an alkali metal) that has a pH of 11.39?
Answer:
[tex][OH^-]=2.455x10^{-3}M[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, since a strong base produce OH ions in solution, it possible to first compute the pOH as shown below:
[tex]pH+pOH=14\\\\pOH=14-pH\\\\pOH=14-11.39\\\\pOH=2.61[/tex]
Thus, via the definition of the pOH we can compute the concentration of the strong base as follows:
[tex]pOH=-log([OH^-])[/tex]
Thus, solving for the concentration we obtain:
[tex][OH^-]=10^{-pOH}=10^{-2.61}[/tex]
[tex][OH^-]=2.455x10^{-3}M[/tex]
Best regards!
Acid spills are often neutralized with sodium carbonate. For example
Na CO2 (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + CO2(g) + H20 (1)
An instructor dropped a 2.50 L bottle of 18.0 M H2SO4 on a cement floor.
How much sodium carbonate would be required to neutralize it?
Answer:
4770 grams of sodium carbonate
Explanation:
The reaction that takes place between sodium carbonate and sulfuric acid is:
Na₂CO₃ (s) + H₂SO₄ (aq) → Na₂SO₄ (aq) + CO₂(g) + H₂O (l)First we calculate how many H₂SO₄ moles reacted, using the given concentration and volume of solution:
moles = Molarity * Liters
moles = 18.0 M * 2.50 L = 45 mol H₂SO₄Then we convert H₂SO₄ moles into NaCO₂ moles, using the stoichiometric coefficients:
45 mol H₂SO₄ * [tex]\frac{1molNa_2CO_3}{1molH_2SO_4}[/tex] = 45 mol NaCO₂Finally we convert 45 NaCO₂ moles into grams, using its molar mass:
45 mol NaCO₂ * 106 g/mol = 4770 gConvert 1.55 x 10^24 ATOMS OF CARBON TO MOLES OF CARBON
Answer:
2.57 moles of carbon
Explanation:
1 mole = 6.023x10^23 (this is called avogadro's number)
1/6.023x10^23
1.55x10^24 = 1.55x10^24/6.023x10^23 = 2.57 moles
this means, 1.55x10^24 atom contains 2.57 moles of carbon