a-1. The estimated OCF (Operating Cash Flow) for this project can be calculated using the following formula: OCF = (Selling Price - Variable Cost per ton) * Quantity - Fixed Costs - Depreciation Expense - Taxes
- Selling Price per ton = $344
- Variable Cost per ton = $235
- Quantity = 28,000 tons
- Fixed Costs = $1,250,000
- Depreciation Expense = Initial Fixed Asset Investment / Project Life = $5,200,000 / 5 = $1,040,000
- Taxes = Tax Rate * (Depreciation Expense - Salvage Value)
Let's calculate the estimated OCF:
Taxes = 0.24 * ($1,040,000 - $625,000) = $98,400
OCF = ($344 - $235) * 28,000 - $1,250,000 - $1,040,000 - $98,400
= $109 * 28,000 - $1,250,000 - $1,040,000 - $98,400
= $3,052,000 - $1,250,000 - $1,040,000 - $98,400
= $663,600
Therefore, the estimated OCF for this project is $663,600.
a-2. The estimated NPV (Net Present Value) for this project can be calculated by subtracting the Initial Investment from the present value of the cash flows over the project's life.
Initial Investment = Initial Fixed Asset Investment + Initial Net Working Capital Investment
= $5,200,000 + $500,000
= $5,700,000
To calculate the present value of cash flows, we need to discount each year's cash flow using the project's required return of 13 percent. Then we sum up the present values and subtract the Initial Investment.
Year 1:
Cash Flow = OCF + Depreciation Expense - Taxes
= $663,600 + $1,040,000 - $98,400
= $1,605,200
Discounted Cash Flow = $1,605,200 / (1 + 0.13)^1
= $1,416,371.68
Years 2-5:
Cash Flow = OCF + Depreciation Expense - Taxes
= $663,600 + $1,040,000 - $98,400
= $1,605,200
Discounted Cash Flow = $1,605,200 / (1 + 0.13)^2
= $1,252,862.68
NPV = Sum of Discounted Cash Flows - Initial Investment
= ($1,416,371.68 + $1,252,862.68) - $5,700,000
= $2,669,234.36 - $5,700,000
= -$3,030,765.64
Therefore, the estimated NPV for this project is -$3,030,765.64 (negative indicates a net loss).
b. To calculate the worst-case and best-case NPVs, we need to adjust the cost and revenue estimates within the given ranges.
Worst-case NPV:
- Reduce the initial fixed asset investment and salvage value by 5%: $5,200,000 - 5% = $4,940,000 and $625,000 - 5
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Lia helps the organization succeed by motivating and inspiring her peers to work together toward team goals. In this case, Lia is known as a(n) A figurehead. B manager. leader. expert.
The correct answer to the given question is "leader". A leader is an individual who leads, guides, or directs a group or organization toward a common goal. They are responsible for determining the purpose, direction, and success of the organization.
A leader is someone who inspires and motivates others to work together to achieve a common goal.A leader is not necessarily the person who holds the highest authority or title, but rather, the individual who has the ability to influence and inspire others towards achieving the desired outcome.
In the given situation, Lia is a leader who helps the organization succeed by motivating and inspiring her peers to work together toward team goals. She encourages her team to perform at their best and to put their skills and expertise to use in achieving their goals.
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Mickelson Electronics supplies spare parts to a company that incorporates parts into refrigerator and other home appliances. One of the components has an annual demand of 10,000 units, and this is constant throughout the year. Holding cost is estimated to be $0.5 per unit per year, and the ordering cost is $25 per order.
To minimize cost, how many units should be ordered each time an order is placed?
What is the total inventory cost if costs are minimized?
Sketch ‘inventory graph’ and ‘Inventory cost graph’
The total inventory cost is $500.
The economic order quantity can be calculated using the following formula: EOQ = √((2 x D x O) / H) Where, D = Annual Demand = 10,000 units O = Ordering Cost = $25 per order H = Holding Cost = $0.5 per unit per year EOQ = √((2 x 10,000 x 25) / 0.5) = 1000 units Thus, to minimize cost, 1000 units should be ordered each time an order is placed. Inventory Graph: The Inventory Graph is a graphical representation of the inventory level over time.
Inventory Cost Graph: The Inventory Cost Graph is a graphical representation of the inventory cost over time. It depicts the tradeoff between ordering cost and carrying costs. Total inventory cost can be calculated using the following formula: Total Inventory Cost = (D / Q) x O + (Q / 2) x H Where, Q = EOQ = 1000 units Total Inventory Cost = (10,000 / 1000) x 25 + (1000 / 2) x 0.5 = 250 + 250 = $500.
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Here are the data for the past 21 months for actual sales of a particular product: LAST YEAR THIS YEAR January 300 275 February 400 375 March 425 350 April 450 425 May 400 400 June 460 350 July 400 350 August 300 275 September 375 350 October 500 November 550 December 500 Develop a forecast for the fourth quarter using a three-quarter, weighted moving average. Weight the most recent quarter .5, the second most recent .25, and the third .25. Do the problem using quarters, as opposed to forecasting separate months. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Here is the forecast for the fourth quarter using a three-quarter, weighted moving average:
The 4th quarter forecastWeight the most recent quarter 0.5
Weight the second most recent quarter 0.25
Weight the third most recent quarter 0.25
Do the problem using quarters, as opposed to forecasting separate months
Round your answer to 2 decimal places
The weighted moving average for the fourth quarter is 344.00.
To determine the value, one needs to compute the mean of the previous three quarters, while considering the given proportions. The quarter that holds the highest significance in the analysis is the most recent one, followed by the second most recent and then the third most recent quarter.
According to the prediction, there will be a total of 344. 00 units during the last quarter. This forecast is somewhat cautious, as it relies on the mean of the previous three quarters. It's worth acknowledging that this is only a prediction, and real sales could differ.
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Due to the interdependent nature of an oligopolistic market, a firm manager who wishes to maximize profits must also consider
Multiple choice question.
whether rival firms produce a similar product.
whether rival firms will match price changes.
whether the cost of labor exceeds the cost of capital.
whether the marginal revenue of a monopolist is less than price.
Oligopoly refers to a market structure in which a few companies dominate the industry. The interdependent nature of the oligopolistic market is such that the actions of one firm impact the other. Thus, a firm manager who wishes to maximize profits must also consider the actions of other firms.
The correct answer is whether rival firms produce a similar product.
The firm manager needs to consider the following factors in order to maximize profits:Whether rival firms produce a similar product: Firms in an oligopolistic market usually produce similar products. Therefore, the firm manager needs to consider the prices of competing products while setting their own price. If a rival firm lowers its price, the firm manager needs to decide whether to lower their price or not. Whether rival firms will match price changes: In an oligopolistic market, firms are usually aware of their rivals' pricing strategies. Therefore, a firm manager needs to consider whether a rival firm will match the price changes or not.
If a firm lowers its price, a rival firm may also lower its price in response, leading to a price war. Whether the cost of labor exceeds the cost of capital: The cost of labor and capital are important factors that impact a firm's profitability. A firm manager needs to determine whether the cost of labor exceeds the cost of capital. If the cost of labor is too high, the firm may need to raise its prices or reduce its production. Whether the marginal revenue of a monopolist is less than price: A monopolist is a single seller in a market. The marginal revenue of a monopolist is less than price because the monopolist has the power to set its own price. In an oligopolistic market, the firm manager needs to consider whether their marginal revenue is less than the price or not. If the marginal revenue is less than the price, the firm may need to lower its price or reduce its production.
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Answer all questions on the same Question paper. 1. Opponents of globalization argue that falling trade barriers (L-0: 01-04) a. allow firms to move manufacturing activities to countries with lower wage rates. b. create manufacturing jobs in wealthy advanced economies. c. force countries to maintain manufacturing in their home countries regardless of wage rates. d. reduce the pool of global labor. 2. Which of the following expresses one of the reasons why managing an international business is different from managing a purely domestic business? (L-O: 01-05) a. The range of problems confronted by a manager in a domestic business is wider and the prob more complex than those confronted by a manager in an international business. b. International business transactions use the euro instead of the U.S. dollar.
1. Opponents of globalization argue that falling trade barriers allow firms to move manufacturing activities to countries with lower wage rates.
Opponents of globalization argue that falling trade barriers allow firms to move manufacturing activities to countries with lower wage rates. In the long run, this causes job losses and lowers wages in advanced economies. The argument is that the loss of manufacturing jobs in developed countries far outweighs the new jobs that are created due to globalization.
2. The statement that expresses one of the reasons why managing an international business is different from managing a purely domestic business is (a) The range of problems confronted by a manager in a domestic business is wider and the prob more complex than those confronted by a manager in an international business
The primary reason that managing an international business is different from managing a purely domestic business is that the range of problems confronted by a manager in a domestic business is wider and the problem is more complex than those confronted by a manager in an international business. In a purely domestic business, a manager does not need to understand various cultures and regulations, and laws, but this is not the case in an international business.
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company : WALMART and AMAZON - Retail industry
question: Research TWO (2) latest news and activities about each company (economic, covid-19 pandemic issue, technology, politic, sociology and relevant current 2021 issue) and its leadership management practice in the same period of time and strictly pertaining to management aspects.
Walmart's recent activities include launching a fintech startup and expanding its healthcare services, while Amazon faced criticism over its labor practices and launched initiatives to support small businesses.
Walmart:
1. Walmart launched a fintech startup called "Hazel" in partnership with Ribbit Capital. It aims to offer affordable financial services to its customers, including money transfers, bill payments, and other financial management tools. This move demonstrates Walmart's strategic focus on expanding its reach in the financial services industry.
2. Walmart has been expanding its healthcare services by opening Walmart Health clinics in various locations. These clinics provide affordable primary care, dental care, and mental health services. This initiative aligns with Walmart's goal of becoming a more comprehensive healthcare provider and highlights its commitment to addressing healthcare accessibility.
Amazon:
1. Amazon faced scrutiny and criticism over its labor practices, particularly in its warehouses. Reports highlighted issues such as strenuous working conditions, unrealistic productivity targets, and inadequate worker protections. This raised concerns about employee welfare and intensified calls for improved working conditions.
2. Amazon launched various initiatives to support small businesses, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. It established the "Amazon Small Business Academy" to provide education and resources to small sellers, and launched the "Support Small" storefront to promote products from independent sellers. These initiatives demonstrate Amazon's efforts to foster a supportive environment for small businesses on its platform.
In terms of leadership management practices, Walmart's focus on expanding into fintech and healthcare reflects its strategic decision-making and adaptability to changing market dynamics. These moves showcase Walmart's emphasis on diversification and innovation under its leadership management. Meanwhile, Amazon's response to criticism regarding labor practices highlights the need for effective stakeholder management and addressing societal concerns. Amazon's initiatives to support small businesses demonstrate its commitment to corporate social responsibility and leadership in fostering a thriving ecosystem for sellers on its platform.
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Probability A B 0.1 (6%) (32%) 0.1 2 0 0.6 12 23 0.1 23 25 0.1 32 46 a. Calculate the expected rate of return, F, for Stock B (FA-12.30%) Do not round intermediate calculations, Round your answer to two decimal places. N b. Calculate the standard deviation of expected returris, da, for Stock A (on-19.51%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places Now calculate the coefficient of variation for Stock B. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. Is it possible that most investors might regard Stock 8 as being less risky than Stock A7 L. 11 Stock 5 is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have the same beta as Stock A, and hence be just as msky in a portfolio sense 11. If Stock 8 is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense. 111. If Stock D is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be more risky in a portfolo sense IV If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolo sense. V. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense. Select v Assume the risk-free rate is 2.5%. What are the Sharpe ratios for Stocks A and B7 Do not round intermediate calidations. Round your answers to four decimal places Stock A Stock b Are these calculations consistent with the information obtained from the coefficient of variation calculations Part ht
a. The expected rate of return, F, for Stock B is 12.30%.
b. The standard deviation of expected returns, da, for Stock A is 19.51%.
a)The expected rate of return represents the anticipated gain or loss an investor can expect from an investment. In this case, Stock B is expected to yield a return of 12.30%. This is calculated by multiplying the probability of each possible return by the corresponding return and summing them up.
b)The standard deviation measures the dispersion of returns around the expected return. A higher standard deviation implies greater volatility or risk associated with the investment. In this case, Stock A has a standard deviation of 19.51%, indicating higher variability in its expected returns.
The coefficient of variation, also known as relative risk, is a measure that standardizes the risk of an investment relative to its expected return. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the expected return and multiplying by 100 to express it as a percentage. The coefficient of variation helps investors compare the risk-adjusted returns of different investments.
Regarding the question about whether most investors might regard Stock B as less risky than Stock A, we cannot determine that solely based on the given information. The coefficient of variation would provide a more accurate measure for comparing the relative riskiness of the two stocks.
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We know that S = 1 + NCO in an open economy. This means that O since the U.S. has a trade deficit, its investment can be bigger than its savings. O investment must equal savings in the U.S. O since the U.S. has a trade deficit, its investment must be less than its savings
Since S = 1 + NCO in an open economy, it implies that investment can be bigger than savings in the U.S. if there is a trade deficit.
In an open economy, the national saving (S) is equal to domestic investment (I) plus the net capital outflow (NCO), which represents the difference between domestic saving and domestic investment that flows abroad. The equation is expressed as S = I + NCO.
If there is a trade deficit (NCO is negative), it means that the U.S. is investing more abroad than it receives in foreign investment. Consequently, the value of NCO is subtracted from domestic investment to balance the equation. Therefore, investment can be bigger than savings (I > S) when there is a trade deficit.
The equation S = 1 + NCO implies that investment can be bigger than savings in an open economy, particularly if there is a trade deficit. The U.S., having a trade deficit, can experience a situation where investment exceeds savings. However, it's important to note that this relationship is not a strict rule, as various factors and economic conditions can influence the balance between investment and savings in a country.
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You have a call option on Slugma Corp. with a strike price of $40 that expires today. The current stock price on Slugma Corp. is $45. You should ________ the call option because its intrinsic value is __________.
a Exercise; $5.00
b Exercise; $0.00
c Not exercise; $5.00
d Not exercise; $0.00
In this scenario, the stock price of Slugma Corp. is higher than the strike price of the call option. As a result, the call option has intrinsic value, which is the difference between the stock price and the strike price.
The intrinsic value of the call option is calculated as:
Intrinsic Value = Stock Price - Strike Price
Substituting the given values:
Intrinsic Value = $45 - $40 = $5.00
Since the intrinsic value is positive, it indicates that the option is "in the money" and can be exercised profitably. By exercising the call option, you have the right to buy the stock at the strike price of $40 and immediately sell it in the market at the higher stock price of $45, resulting in a profit of $5.00.
Therefore, you should exercise the call option because its intrinsic value is $5.00.
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T/F: decision analysis techniques are used in cases involving high degrees of certainty.
decision analysis techniques are used in cases involving high degrees of certainty. False
Decision analysis techniques are typically used in cases involving uncertainty rather than high degrees of certainty. These techniques help individuals and organizations make informed decisions when faced with multiple possible outcomes and uncertain probabilities.
By considering various scenarios and their potential outcomes, decision analysis techniques assist in assessing the risks and benefits associated with different choices. The objective is to analyze the available information, quantify uncertainties, and make rational decisions based on the expected values and probabilities associated with each option.
Decision analysis techniques are employed in situations characterized by uncertainty, aiming to provide a structured approach for decision-making under such conditions. These techniques help individuals and organizations evaluate the potential outcomes and associated probabilities, enabling them to make informed choices
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A perfume is sold at Target Canada for $79.99 plus HST (13%). The same perfume is sold at Target USA for $74.99 plus 8% Value Added Tax (VAT). By what percentage (based on Canadian price) is perfume cheaper in the United States? Use the exchange rate of US$0.966 per C$.
If a perfume is sold at Target Canada for $79.99 plus HST (13%) and the same perfume is sold at Target USA for $74.99 plus 8% Value Added Tax (VAT) then the perfume is cheaper in the USA by 7.21%.
Use the exchange rate of US$0.966 per C$. Let's first calculate the price of perfume in Canada including HST.
In Canada, the perfume is sold for $79.99 plus HST (13%).
So the total price in Canada is
$79.99 + (13% of $79.99)
= $79.99 + $10.40
= $90.39
Let's calculate the price of perfume in the USA including VAT.
In the USA, the perfume is sold for $74.99 plus 8% VAT.
So the total price in the USA is $74.99 + (8% of $74.99)
= $74.99 + $6.00
= $80.99.
We are given the exchange rate of US$0.966 per C$.
So, $1 = US$0.966.
Thus, C$1 = US$0.966.
Now, we need to convert the US price into Canadian dollars:
1 US dollar = 1/0.966 Canadian dollars
1 US dollar = 1.035 Canadian dollars
$80.99 in Canadian dollars = $80.99 x 1.035= $83.84.
Therefore, perfume is cheaper in the USA by percentage:
= ((90.39 - 83.84) / 90.39) x 100%
= 7.21%
Therefore, perfume is cheaper in the USA by 7.21%.
Hence, the required percentage is 7.21%.
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Other things being equal, the present value of a bond increases with: A. higher annual coupons (dollar returns promised from the bond) B. lower interest rates C. both of the above D. none of the above
The present value of a bond is influenced by interest rates. When interest rates decrease, the present value of a bond increases. This is because lower interest rates lead to higher bond prices and lower bond yields. Therefore the correct option is B. lower interest rates.
Bondholders are willing to pay more for a bond with a lower yield. Conversely, when interest rates rise, bond prices decrease, and bond yields increase. The relationship between bond prices and interest rates is inverse.
While higher annual coupons or dollar returns promised by a bond do not directly impact the present value of the bond, they can affect the yield or total returns. Bonds with higher annual coupons may offer higher yields or total returns, which can be attractive to investors.
In summary, the present value of a bond increases with lower interest rates. As interest rates fall, bond prices rise, leading to higher present values. Conversely, when interest rates rise, bond prices decrease, resulting in lower present values. While higher annual coupons can increase the yield or total returns of a bond, they do not directly impact the bond's present value.
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An investor is in the 28% tax bracket and lives in a state with no income tax. He is trying to decide which of two bonds to purchase. One is a(n) 5.98% corporate bond that is selling at par. The other is a municipal bond with a 4.23% coupon that is also selling at par. If all other features of these two bonds are comparable, which should the investor select? Why? Would your answer change if this were an in-state municipal bond and the investor lived in a place with high state income taxes? Explain.
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Part 1
If all other features of these two bonds are comparable, which should the investor select? Why? Would your answer change if this were an in-state municipal bond and the investor lived in a place with high state income taxes? Explain. Which is the best selection? (Select the best choice below.)
A.
The investor should select the corporate bond. Since the fully taxable equivalent yield of 5.88% is less than the 5.98% return on the corporate bond, the corporate issue offers a higher return and is the better buy. The decision very likely would change if this were an "in-state" municipal bond and the investor lived in a state with high income taxes. An "in-state" municipal bond would not only shield the investor from federal taxes but also from high state income taxes.
B.
The investor should select the municipal bond. Since the fully taxable equivalent yield of 5.88% is less than the 5.98% return on the corporate bond, the municipal issue is the better buy. The decision very likely would change if this were an "in-state" municipal bond and the investor lived in a state with high income taxes. An "in-state" municipal bond would not only shield the investor from federal taxes but also from high state income taxes.
C.
The investor should select the municipal bond. Since the fully taxable equivalent yield of 4.23% is less than the 5.98% return on the corporate bond, the municipal issue is the better buy. The decision very likely would change if this were an "in-state" municipal bond and the investor lived in a state with high income taxes. An "in-state" municipal bond would not only shield the investor from federal taxes but also from high state income taxes.
D.
The investor should select the corporate bond. Since the fully taxable equivalent yield of 4.23% is less than the 5.98% return on the corporate bond, the corporate issue offers a higher return and is the better buy. The decision very likely would not change if this were an "in-state" municipal bond and the investor lived in a state with high income taxes. An "in-state" municipal bond would not shield the investor from federal taxes or from high state income taxes.
The investor should select the municipal bond. Since the fully taxable equivalent yield of 5.88% is less than the 5.98% return on the corporate bond, the municipal issue is the better buy. The decision very likely would change if this were an "in-state" municipal bond and the investor lived in a state with high income taxes. An "in-state" municipal bond would not only shield the investor from federal taxes but also from high state income taxes. The correct answer is option B.
The investor is in the 28% tax bracket and lives in a state with no income tax. When comparing the corporate bond with a 5.98% return and the municipal bond with a 4.23% coupon, the investor needs to consider the tax implications.
For the corporate bond, the investor would be subject to federal income tax on the full interest payment. However, for the municipal bond, the interest income is typically exempt from federal taxes. Therefore, the investor would only need to consider the state income tax, which is assumed to be zero in this case.
To compare the two bonds on an after-tax basis, we calculate the fully taxable equivalent yield (FTEY) of the municipal bond. The FTEY represents the pre-tax yield that would be required on a taxable bond to match the after-tax yield of the municipal bond.
In this case, the FTEY of the municipal bond is calculated as:
FTEY = Municipal bond yield / (1 - Tax rate)
= 4.23% / (1 - 0.28)
= 5.88%
Since the FTEY of the municipal bond is lower than the return on the corporate bond (5.88% < 5.98%), the municipal bond offers a higher after-tax yield and is the better buy for the investor.
If this were an "in-state" municipal bond and the investor lived in a state with high income taxes, the decision might change. In that scenario, the investor would not only benefit from the federal tax exemption but also from the exemption of state income taxes. This would further increase the after-tax yield of the municipal bond and potentially make it an even more attractive investment compared to the corporate bond.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
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Which of the following metaphors does Petruchio NOT use to express the height of his self-confidence?
Select one:
He has heard lions roar.
He has heard the sea "rage like an angry boar."
He has heard cannon thunder to the skies.
He has heard the clang of armies clashing on the field of battle.
None of the above; in other words, he uses them all.
In the play, "The Taming of the Shrew," by William Shakespeare, Petruchio does not use the metaphor "He has heard lions roar" to express the height of his self-confidence.
This is the main answer to the question.What Petruchio means by the metaphor "He has heard the sea "rage like an angry boar," is that he is used to hearing the loudest and scariest sounds of nature, like the violent sea. The metaphor "He has heard cannon thunder to the skies," means that he has been through intense warfare, where he has heard the loudest of noises like the thunder of cannon.
This metaphor is used to show that he has gone through harsh times but has remained undeterred and confident. The metaphor "He has heard the clang of armies clashing on the field of battle" is used to demonstrate that Petruchio has had his fair share of battles and that he's not intimidated by physical confrontations.In summary, the metaphors Petruchio uses to express the height of his self-confidence include "He has heard the sea "rage like an angry boar," "He has heard cannon thunder to the skies," and "He has heard the clang of armies clashing on the field of battle," and not "He has heard lions roar." This is the explanation.
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a) Briefly describe top five (5) qualities of an effective project manager.
b) You have just started managing a new project and leading a team with mixed quality members.
You are determined to finish the project on time, within the budget and smoothly without serious
conflicts among your team members. Discuss two (2) challenges you may face during your project
execution.
c) Suggest solutions to the challenges you describe in Question 1 b).
a) The top five qualities of an effective project manager are:
1. **Leadership:** An effective project manager inspires and motivates their team, sets clear goals and expectations, and provides guidance and support throughout the project. They have strong decision-making skills and can guide the team towards success.
2. **Communication:** A project manager must possess excellent communication skills to effectively convey project objectives, expectations, and progress to team members, stakeholders, and clients. They should be adept at active listening, negotiation, and resolving conflicts.
3. **Organizational Skills:** Managing multiple tasks, resources, and deadlines requires strong organizational skills. Effective project managers can prioritize tasks, create detailed project plans, and efficiently allocate resources to ensure smooth project execution.
4. **Problem-solving:** Projects often encounter unexpected challenges and roadblocks. An effective project manager is a skilled problem solver who can think critically, analyze situations, and devise creative solutions to overcome obstacles and keep the project on track.
5. **Adaptability:** Project environments can be dynamic and unpredictable. A successful project manager is adaptable and flexible, able to adjust plans and strategies as needed to accommodate changing circumstances and stakeholder requirements.
b) Two challenges you may face during project execution with a team of mixed-quality members are:
1. **Skill gaps and performance disparities:** With a team comprising members of varying skills and abilities, you may encounter challenges in achieving a consistent level of performance. Some team members may require additional support or training to meet project requirements, while others may excel and need more challenging tasks.
2. **Conflict and collaboration issues:** When team members have different levels of competence or work styles, conflicts and collaboration issues can arise. Differing opinions, lack of trust, or communication breakdowns can hinder teamwork and impact project progress.
c) Solutions to the challenges mentioned above:
1. **Skill gaps and performance disparities:** Conduct a thorough skills assessment early in the project to identify individual strengths and weaknesses. Provide training, mentoring, or resources to enhance the skills of team members who need support. Assign tasks based on individual capabilities while also encouraging knowledge sharing and collaboration among team members to leverage their collective strengths.
2. **Conflict and collaboration issues:** Foster open communication and establish clear expectations for collaboration and respectful interaction within the team. Encourage regular team meetings to address concerns, clarify roles, and promote understanding. Implement conflict resolution strategies, such as mediation or team-building exercises, to improve relationships and foster a positive team dynamic. Encouraging team members to focus on shared project goals and emphasizing the importance of teamwork can also help mitigate conflicts and enhance collaboration.
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in a periodic review inventory system, how many units are ordered?
In a periodic review inventory system, the number of units ordered depends on the target inventory level and the current inventory position.
The main answer to how many units are ordered lies in the equation:
Order Quantity = Target Inventory Level - Current Inventory Position
The target inventory level represents the desired quantity of inventory to be maintained at the end of the review period, while the current inventory position indicates the actual quantity available. By subtracting the current inventory position from the target inventory level, the order quantity is determined.
This approach ensures that the inventory is replenished to the desired level during each review period. It's important to note that the order quantity may also consider factors like lead time and demand variability to optimize inventory management and avoid stockouts or excess inventory.
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Imran Merchant, chief financial officer (CFO) of Micro Tigers Inc., is in a bind. Micro Tigers is a producer of hand held pagers, designed for use in Hospitals, restaurants and other work environments where cellular devices cannot be used. Micro Tigers manufactures all of its products in Canada, and 92% of it sales are within Canada and North Eastern United States.
Imran has noticed that a worrying trend. The cost to produce pagers have increased substantially over the last few years, however last year in particular the increase has been over 15%. The primary driver of the increase has been the Canadian Labour Market. The Canadian Government is continuously introducing new minimum wage laws and other employee benefits which have made production cost increases hard to bear. Among the new legislation is an mandate of $16/hour minimum wage, as well mandatory overtime payment after 40 hours in a week (previously 48 hours).
Recently Imran had lunch with one of the Senior Financial Analysts within Micro Tigers John Locke. John had spent several years living and working in Bangladesh prior to joining Micro Tigers. John Locke presented Imran within an intriguing idea, move all production to Bangladesh. Under John’s proposal Micro Tigers would
Establish a foreign Subsidiary/Cost Centre in Bangladesh where all product would be manufactured.
Export all products into Canada and the United States (Lead times would increase considerably)
The added bonus would be that it would allow Micro Tigers to target the Australian market. Micro Tigers has long wanted to expand to Australia, where domestic pagers are not manufactured. However, exporting product from Canada to Australia is difficult due to the distance and freight cost. Exporting product from Bangladesh to Australia however is a definite possibility. Australia has the potential to become a significant market for Micro Tigers (30% of Sales).
While Imran thinks about these options he has a few questions that he has reached out to you with. He has asked for a presentation that he can put in front of the board and get the necessary approvals. He has the following questions
How could a higher level of inflation in Bangladesh potentially affect Micro Tigers, if Canadian Inflation remains constant? (20 marks)
How could competition from firms in Australia effect Micro Tigers (Assuming Micro Tigers expands to Australia?
What political risks should Micro Tigers be concerned about, should it relocated its facilities to Bangladesh.
What about happen if the Canadian Dollar depreciated against the Bangladesh Taka? What would happen if it appreciates? What about the Australian Dollar? What would Micro Tigers do about all the added currency risk?
If Micro Tigers experience financial problems and is not able to fund its Bangladesh production facilities, are there any international agencies that the company could approach for loans or other financial assistance?
What other concerns should Imran have?
A higher level of inflation in Bangladesh compared to Canada can have several implications for Micro Tigers. Firstly, it would lead to increased production costs in Bangladesh, making it more expensive to manufacture pagers. This would directly impact the company's profitability and potentially lead to higher product prices.
Additionally, higher inflation may also affect the purchasing power of consumers in Bangladesh, potentially reducing demand for Micro Tigers' products in that market. Moreover, if the inflation differential leads to currency devaluation in Bangladesh, it would further complicate matters by increasing the cost of importing raw materials and other inputs. Therefore, a higher level of inflation in Bangladesh can pose significant challenges for Micro Tigers' operations and financial performance.
How could competition from firms in Australia affect Micro Tigers (assuming Micro Tigers expands to Australia)?
If Micro Tigers expands to Australia, competition from local firms in the pager industry could have both positive and negative effects. On one hand, increased competition can lead to market saturation and price pressures, potentially squeezing Micro Tigers' profit margins. It may also require additional marketing efforts and investments to establish brand presence and gain market share. On the other hand, competition can also spur innovation and drive the company to improve its products and services to stay ahead. Micro Tigers would need to carefully assess the competitive landscape in Australia, including factors such as market share, pricing strategies, product differentiation, and customer preferences, to develop effective strategies for market entry and sustainable growth.
What political risks should Micro Tigers be concerned about if it relocates its facilities to Bangladesh?
Relocating facilities to Bangladesh exposes Micro Tigers to various political risks. These may include changes in government policies and regulations that could impact the business environment, such as shifts in labor laws, trade policies, tax regulations, or foreign investment rules. Political instability, social unrest, and potential labor strikes in Bangladesh could disrupt production and supply chain operations. Micro Tigers should also consider the risk of corruption and bribery, as well as the potential for political conflicts or geopolitical tensions that may impact trade relationships and stability in the region. It is important for the company to conduct thorough risk assessments and establish contingency plans to mitigate these political risks.
What would happen if the Canadian Dollar depreciated against the Bangladesh Taka? What would happen if it appreciates? What about the Australian Dollar? What would Micro Tigers do about all the added currency risk?
If the Canadian Dollar depreciates against the Bangladesh Taka, it would make importing raw materials and paying for production costs in Bangladesh more expensive for Micro Tigers. This could result in higher overall costs and potentially reduce profitability. Conversely, if the Canadian Dollar appreciates, it would have the opposite effect, making imports cheaper for Micro Tigers and potentially improving profit margins.
Regarding the Australian Dollar, if Micro Tigers expands to Australia and the Canadian Dollar depreciates against it, the company may face challenges in terms of importing products from Canada or repatriating profits to Canada. On the other hand, if the Canadian Dollar appreciates against the Australian Dollar, it would make exports from Australia more expensive and potentially impact Micro Tigers' competitiveness in the Australian market.
To manage the added currency risk, Micro Tigers could consider various strategies such as hedging currency exposure through financial instruments like forward contracts or options, diversifying its supplier base to minimize reliance on a single currency, negotiating favorable payment terms, or establishing local currency accounts in the respective countries to mitigate currency exchange fluctuations.
If Micro Tigers experiences financial problems and is not able to fund its Bangladesh production facilities, are there any international agencies that the company could approach for loans or other financial assistance?
In the event of financial problems, Micro Tigers may explore the option of seeking financial assistance from international agencies. Organizations such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), or regional development banks like
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in what phase should ethics be integrated into an organization's marketing strategy?
Ethics should be integrated into an organization's marketing strategy from the very beginning and throughout all phases of the marketing process.
Ethics should be an integral part of an organization's marketing strategy and not treated as an afterthought or an optional component. By integrating ethics into the marketing strategy from the outset, organizations can ensure that ethical considerations are embedded in every aspect of their marketing activities. This includes the planning, development, implementation, and evaluation stages of the marketing process.
During the planning phase, ethical considerations should guide the identification of target markets, the selection of marketing channels, and the development of marketing objectives and strategies. This involves aligning marketing efforts with ethical standards, such as transparency, honesty, fairness, and respect for consumers' rights.
In the development phase, ethics should be integrated into the creation of marketing messages, product design, pricing decisions, and promotional activities. It involves avoiding deceptive or misleading practices, ensuring the safety and quality of products, and adhering to ethical guidelines when engaging in advertising and promotional campaigns.
In the implementation phase, organizations should ensure that their marketing activities are conducted in an ethical manner, following industry regulations and legal requirements. They should also consider the social and environmental impacts of their marketing actions and strive to minimize any negative consequences.
Finally, in the evaluation phase, organizations should assess the ethical implications and outcomes of their marketing efforts. This involves monitoring consumer feedback, measuring the effectiveness of ethical marketing initiatives, and making adjustments as necessary to ensure ongoing ethical practices.
Ethics should be integrated into an organization's marketing strategy from the very beginning and throughout all phases of the marketing process. By doing so, organizations can build trust, enhance their reputation, and establish long-term relationships with customers based on ethical values and practices.
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All of the following descriptions of disability benefit standards in New York are correct, except:
A. The loss of any two limbs will constitute permanent, total disability
B. Benefits for total disability equal 66 2/3% of an average wage based on NY labor statistics
C. If an injured employee has two jobs, her benefit will be based on the wages from both jobs
D. If an employee has two jobs, the employer for whom she worked when injured is totally liable
All of the following descriptions of disability benefit standards in New York are correct, except: C. If an injured employee has two jobs, her benefit will be based on the wages from both jobs.
What is the definition of disability benefits?Disability benefits are monetary payments given to employees who are injured or sick and cannot work. When workers are injured on the job, disability benefits are meant to help them pay for their expenses. Workers' compensation insurance pays disability benefits to employees. The employee's medical expenses are also covered by the employer's workers' compensation insurance. In this way, disability benefits act as a security net for injured or sick employees.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
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+ Module 6 Assignment 1 Question 1 of 8 < Current Attempt in Progress (a)-(b), (d) > Debra Gary and Mary borrowed $29,143 on a 7-month, 7% note from Gem State Bank to open their business, Cullumber's
Tabular Summary to Record Receipt of Funds from the Loan, accrued interest and repayment are given below.
The tabular summary(a) Tabular Summary to Record Receipt of Funds from the Loan:
Date Description Debit Credit
June 1 Cash (Loan Proceeds) $29,143
Notes Payable $29,143
(b) Tabular Summary to Accrue Interest on June 30
Date Description Debit Credit
June 30 Interest Expense $339.48
Interest Payable $339.48
(c) Tabular Summary to Record Repayment of the Loan on January 1, 2023
Date Description Debit Credit
Jan 1 Notes Payable $29,143
Interest Payable $339.48
Cash (Loan Repayment) $29,482
The interest calculation in part (b) assumes a 360-day year for simplicity, although the actual number of days can vary depending on the method used for interest calculation.
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Full Question:
Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:
Debra Gary and Mary borrowed $29,143 on a 7-month, 7% note from Gem State Bank to open their business, Cullumber's Coffee House. The money was borrowed on June 1, 2022, and the note matures January 1, 2023 Prepare a tabular summary to record the receipt of the funds from the loan (a) (b) Prepare a tabular summary to accrue the interest on June 30 Prepare a tabular summary to record the repayment of the loan on January 1, 2023
Reverse logistics is becoming more important because a companies did not practice reverse logistics prior to 2008 b product quality has deteriorated through the emphasis on low cost. c on-line sales are growing at a faster rate than in-store sales d in-store sales are growing at a faster rate than on-line sales
Reverse logistics is becoming more important due to several factors, including the lack of previous practice, deteriorating product quality, and the growth of online sales.
Prior to 2008, many companies did not prioritize or practice reverse logistics, which involves the management of product returns, recycling, and disposal. However, as businesses recognize the importance of sustainability and cost-effectiveness, reverse logistics has gained prominence.
Additionally, the emphasis on low-cost production has often led to compromised product quality, resulting in higher return rates and the need for effective reverse logistics processes. Moreover, the rapid growth of online sales has further increased the significance of reverse logistics. Online purchases often have higher return rates compared to in-store sales, necessitating efficient handling of returns, refurbishment, and restocking to minimize costs and maintain customer satisfaction.
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——- type of plate form provides end to end customised service
delivery?
options are
data harvesting
content distribution
content crowdsourcing
on demand service platform
On demand service platform type of platform that provides end-to-end customized service delivery.
Customized service delivery is an approach to providing products and services that are tailored to meet the specific needs and preferences of individual customers. An on-demand service platform is a type of platform that provides end-to-end customized service delivery to customers.
On-demand service platforms connect service providers with customers through an online marketplace. Customers can request services from a variety of service providers, and service providers can respond to customer requests with proposals that are tailored to meet the specific needs of the customer.
This type of platform is popular for services such as ride-sharing, food delivery, home cleaning, and home repairs.
In conclusion, the on-demand service platform provides end-to-end customized service delivery.
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suppose that the financial crisis worsens and now the supply curve for USD is 91+eN bln dollars per week and the demand curve is 155−eN bln dollars per week. The central bank still commits to its pledge to support the exchange rate if Peso depreciates by over 20% from the original level (more specifically, in this case the fixed exchange rate will be 20% higher than the original level). To maintain the fixed exchange rate, the central bank will have to spend billion dollars of foreign exchange reserves per week. Note: Type in your answer rounded to two decimal places, i.e., your answer must be of the form "999.99". I will not be able to fix correct answers that were entered incorrectly, such as "999.999" or "999,99" or "999". In case the last digit in the correct answer is zero, e.g., "999.90" or "999.00", Blackboard may automatically delete it and you should not do anything about it. In case of percentages, do not type in the percentage symbol "\%". If your answer is a negative number, type a dash in front of your answer, i.e, "-999.99". Selected Answer: x [None Given] Correct Answer: 16 Answer range +/−0(16−16)
The value of x is 91.80 billion dollars of foreign exchange reserves per week. Hence, the correct option is 91.80.
Given that the supply curve for USD is 91+eN bln dollars per week and the demand curve is 155−eN bln dollars per week.
Suppose that the financial crisis worsens. The central bank still commits to its pledge to support the exchange rate if Peso depreciates by over 20% from the original level.
Therefore, the fixed exchange rate will be 20% higher than the original level.
To maintain the fixed exchange rate, the central bank will have to spend billion dollars of foreign exchange reserves per week.
We need to find the value of x.
Let's assume the initial exchange rate is 1 peso = y dollars.
So, the initial demand and supply are:
Supply = 91 + eNDemand = 155 - eN
Initially, the demand and supply are in equilibrium.
=> 91 + eN = 155 - eN
=> 2eN = 64
=> eN = 32
=> e = 32/N
Thus, initially, the exchange rate was 1 peso = y dollars.
Now, the fixed exchange rate is 20% higher than the initial exchange rate. So, the new exchange rate is 1.2 y dollars.
The supply of dollars per week is 91 + eN bln dollars per week, which is 91 + 32/N bln dollars per week.
The central bank will purchase enough dollars to increase the supply of dollars until the exchange rate reaches the fixed exchange rate of 1.2 y dollars.
So, the central bank will purchase enough dollars to increase the supply from 91 + 32/N bln dollars per week to 1.2y*155 bln dollars per week.
=> 91 + 32/N + X
= 1.2y*155
Where X is the number of dollars purchased by the central bank per week to maintain the exchange rate. Now, we can substitute the value of e in terms of N in the above equation.
=> 91 + 32/N + X = 1.2y*155
=> X = 1.2y*155 - 91 - 32/N
Now, the new exchange rate is 1.2y dollars per peso, and the demand for pesos is 155 - eN bln dollars per week.
So, the central bank will receive the pesos in exchange for the dollars. Thus, the central bank will need to use the foreign exchange reserves to buy the dollars that it will sell for pesos.
The total value of dollars the central bank will need to purchase is X.
So, the central bank will need to spend X dollars of foreign exchange reserves per week.
Therefore, we have to find the value of X.
=> X = 1.2y*155 - 91 - 32/N
= 1.2*155 - 91 - 32/N
= 186 - 91 - 32/N
= 95 - 32/N
= 95 - 32/10
= 95 - 3.2
= 91.80
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Grupo Basso bonds yield 8.32%, mature in 10 years, and sell for $978.50. The firm's policy is to use a risk premium of 8 percentage points when using the bond- yield-plus-risk-premium method to find Rs. The firm could sell, at par, $100 preferred stock, which pays a 12 percent of par annual dividend, but flotation costs will be 5 percent. What is Grupo Basso's cost of retained earnings using the bond-yield-plus- risk-premium approach?
Grupo Basso bonds mature in 10 years and have a yield of 8.32%. At $978.50, the firm's policy is to use an 8% risk premium when calculating the cost of equity using the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium method.
They can sell preferred stock for $100 at par, which pays a 12% dividend on par annually, but has a 5% flotation cost. What is the cost of retained earnings for Grupo Basso?Grupo Basso's bond price is $978.50, so the bond's yield is 8.32%. To find the cost of equity, we add the firm's policy risk premium of 8% to the bond's yield:Re = Bond yield + risk premium= 8.32% + 8% = 16.32%The company's preferred stock has a cost of capital that must account for the flotation cost. To find the cost of preferred stock, use the following formula:Cost of preferred stock = Annual dividend ÷ Net proceeds after flotation cost= 12% ÷ (100 - 5%)= 12.63%Finally, the cost of retained earnings is equal to the cost of equity:Cost of retained earnings = Cost of equity= 16.32%Therefore, the cost of retained earnings for Grupo Basso using the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach is 16.32%.
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Question 17 1 Point Equity Theory, developed by J. Stacey Adams, proposes that managers must treat all subordinates with dignity, respect, and politeness. B employees perceive fairness when they compare their own input: output ratio with the ratio of relevant reference. procedures that are used to determine how to distribute outcomes in an organization must be fair and just for everyone. employees must perceive an equitable degree of fulfillment of both Esteem and Self-actualization needs.
Point Equity Theory, developed by J. Stacey Adams, proposes that Employees perceive fairness when they compare their own input: output ratio with the ratio of relevant reference. Therefore, the correct option is B.
Equity Theory, developed by J. Stacey Adams, suggests that employees' perception of fairness in the workplace is influenced by the comparison of their own input-to-output ratio with that of relevant others. According to this theory, employees strive for a sense of equity or fairness in their work relationships.
When employees perceive that their own inputs (such as effort, skills, and experience) are proportional to the outcomes they receive (such as salary, recognition, and promotions), they perceive fairness. However, if they perceive an imbalance between their inputs and outcomes compared to others in similar positions or roles, a sense of inequity arises.
For instance, if an employee perceives that they are putting in more effort and time into their work but receiving fewer rewards compared to their colleagues with similar qualifications and performance, they may perceive the situation as unfair.
Similarly, if an employee perceives that they are receiving more rewards for lesser effort compared to their colleagues, they may experience guilt or discomfort due to perceived over-reward. The conclusion drawn from Equity Theory is that employees' perception of fairness and equity is vital for their motivation, job satisfaction, and commitment to the organization.
When employees perceive inequity, it can lead to negative outcomes such as reduced motivation, decreased job satisfaction, increased turnover intention, and even counterproductive behaviors. To ensure a positive work environment, managers should strive to create a sense of equity among their employees.
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An investor who expects a very large stock price increase in the near future can achieve the highest possible return by:
a. Purchasing an Out-of-the-Money put option
b. Purchasing an in-the-money Call option
c. Purchasing The stock
d. Purchasing an Out-of-the-money Call option
An investor who expects a very large stock price increase in the near future can achieve the highest possible return by purchasing an in-the-money Call option. The correct option is b.
A call option is a contract that provides the holder the right, but not the obligation, to purchase an underlying security at a fixed price on or before a specified date in the future. The buyer of a call option believes that the underlying asset will increase in value before the contract expires. A call option is referred to as "in-the-money" if the strike price of the option is less than the current price of the underlying asset.
When the investor has a positive outlook on the stock and believes the stock price will increase, the investor will buy an "in-the-money" call option. This will offer the highest potential profit for the investor, as the investor will get the difference between the stock price and the strike price if the stock price goes up.
In conclusion, An investor who expects a very large stock price increase in the near future can achieve the highest possible return by purchasing an in-the-money Call option. The correct option is b.
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Consider a software application / Mobile App you use regularly. What task(s) does it improve or enable? Suggest three ways the application could be improved. Would any of these improvements be considered an opportunity for a new venture? Why or why not?
The software application/Mobile App I use regularly is a productivity tool that helps manage tasks, schedules, and deadlines efficiently.
It improves and enables several tasks such as task organization and prioritization, setting reminders, tracking progress, and providing a centralized platform for collaboration and communication with team members or peers.
Three ways the application could be improved are:
Enhanced User Interface: The application can benefit from a more intuitive and user-friendly interface, making it easier to navigate and access features. Improving the overall design and usability can enhance the user experience and increase productivity.Integration with Third-Party Apps: Integrating the application with popular productivity tools, calendars, and communication platforms would allow seamless data synchronization and collaboration across different platforms. This integration can streamline workflows and enhance efficiency.Advanced Analytics and Insights: Incorporating advanced analytics features such as data visualization, performance metrics, and insights can provide users with valuable information about their productivity patterns, enabling them to identify areas for improvement and optimize their workflow.While these improvements can enhance the user experience and attract more users, they may not necessarily present a new venture opportunity. The improvements mentioned above are enhancements to existing features rather than introducing a fundamentally new concept or service.
However, depending on the scale of the improvements and the target market's demand, it could potentially create opportunities for new ventures if they address specific niche needs or offer unique value propositions.
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13) When conducting marketing research internationally, primary data gathering will have a greater (2pts) chance of success if the firm employs local researchers who understand how to approach potential respondents and can do so in their own languages. employs its own researchers who understand how the company prefers to conduct research. employs its own researchers who understand how to conduct marketing research ethically. o employs nonprobability sampling.
When conducting marketing research internationally, primary data gathering will have a greater chance of success if the firm employs local researchers who understand how to approach potential respondents and can do so in their own languages.What is primary data in marketing research Primary data in marketing research refers to information that is collected directly from the source or people who provide the data.
In contrast, secondary data refers to information that has already been collected and published elsewhere. The primary data is collected using different methods such as interviews, surveys, questionnaires, and observation. The firm will have a greater chance of success if they employ local researchers who understand how to approach potential respondents and can do so in their own languages. Local researchers are more likely to have an understanding of the culture and traditions of the area they are researching than foreign researchers.
They can connect with the local population more quickly and effectively than foreign researchers. This would make it easier for them to get the data they need.primary data gathering will have a greater chance of success if the firm employs local researchers who understand how to approach potential respondents and can do so in their own languages.What is primary data in marketing research Primary data in marketing research refers to information that is collected directly from the source or people who provide the data
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8. Chapter MC, Section .04, Problem 122.Algo Suppose you inherited $620,000 and invested it at 8.25% per year. How much could you withdraw at the beginning of each of the next 20 years? Select the correct answer. Oa. $59,438.04 Ob. $59,399.34 Oc. $59,425.14 Od. $59,412.24 Oe. $59,386.44
The correct option is (A). I can withdraw $59,438.04 at the beginning of each of the next 20 years
To calculate the amount that could be withdrawn at the beginning of each of the next 20 years, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity:
[tex]Withdrawal Amount = (Principal * Annual Interest Rate) / (1 - (1 + Annual Interest Rate)^{-n}),[/tex]
where Principal is the initial amount invested, Annual Interest Rate is the interest rate per year (expressed as a decimal), and n is the number of years.
Plugging in the given values, we have:
Principal = $620,000
Annual Interest Rate = 8.25% = 0.0825
n = 20
[tex]Withdrawal Amount = ($620,000 * 0.0825) / (1 - (1 + 0.0825)^{-20})[/tex]
Performing the calculations, we find:
Withdrawal Amount ≈ $59,438.04
Therefore, the correct answer is a. $59,438.04.
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Critically assessthe application of Maqasid Shariah in Risk
Management
The application of Maqasid Shariah in risk management can help organizations to identify and manage risks in a way that is consistent with Islamic principles. It can also promote ethical decision-making and help to build trust with stakeholders.
Maqasid Shariah refers to the purposes and objectives of Shariah law that have been derived from the Quran and Sunnah. Risk management is a process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks, and taking actions to minimize, monitor, and control the impact of uncertain events on an organization. Critically assessing the application of Maqasid Shariah in risk management involves evaluating how well Maqasid Shariah principles are incorporated into the risk management process and how effectively they are applied to manage risks.
The following are some ways in which Maqasid Shariah can be applied in risk management:
1. Prevention of harm: One of the primary objectives of Maqasid Shariah is to prevent harm. This can be achieved by identifying potential risks and taking measures to prevent them from occurring. Risk management strategies should focus on preventing harm to individuals, communities, and the environment.
2. Protection of property: Another objective of Maqasid Shariah is to protect property. Risk management strategies should aim to protect an organization's assets from damage or loss.
3. Preservation of human dignity: Maqasid Shariah emphasizes the preservation of human dignity. Risk management should take into account the impact of risks on human life and dignity and seek to protect them.
4. Promotion of benefit: Maqasid Shariah seeks to promote benefit and prevent harm. Risk management strategies should focus on maximizing benefits while minimizing risks.
5. Prohibition of injustice: Maqasid Shariah prohibits injustice. Risk management should ensure that risks are managed fairly and justly, without discriminating against any group or individual.
However, the effectiveness of Maqasid Shariah in risk management depends on how well it is incorporated into the risk management process and how effectively it is applied in practice.
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