The minimum acceptable transfer price for the valves from the standpoint of the Valve Division is $59 per unit.
The minimum acceptable transfer price for the valves from the standpoint of the Valve Division should be equal to the cost that the Remote Devices Division is currently incurring by purchasing the transmitters from an overseas supplier, which is $59 per unit.
The Valve Division can save $3 in variable expenses on transfers within the company due to reduced shipping and selling costs. Since the selling price to outside customers for the transmitters is $61 per unit and the variable cost per unit is $42, the Valve Division would be willing to pay up to $61 - $42 - $3 = $16 per unit for the transmitters.
However, since the Remote Devices Division is already purchasing the transmitters from an overseas supplier at a cost of $59 per unit, that becomes the minimum acceptable transfer price for the valves from the standpoint of the Valve Division.
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Jamie's credit card billing period ends on the 10th of every month. The grace period is 20 days. During what period of time will he receive free credit for a purchase made on July 23? A. 18 days B. 38 days C. 30 days D. 28 days
To determine the period of time during which Jamie will receive free credit for a purchase made on July 23, we need to consider the billing period and the grace period.
Jamie's credit card billing period ends on the 10th of every month, and the grace period is 20 days.
If Jamie made a purchase on July 23, the billing period for that purchase would be from July 23 to August 10.
Since the grace period is 20 days, Jamie would receive free credit for the purchase from August 11 to August 31.
Therefore, the period of time during which Jamie will receive free credit for the purchase made on July 23 is 20 days.
The correct answer is (A) 18 days
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Should companies abandon traditional performance appraisal methods in favor of frequent conversations about performance, why or why not?
Companies should consider abandoning traditional performance appraisal methods in favor of frequent conversations about performance.
Traditional performance appraisal methods, such as annual or bi-annual reviews, often fail to provide timely and meaningful feedback to employees. They tend to be focused on past performance and rely heavily on subjective assessments, which can lead to bias and inaccurate evaluations. In contrast, frequent conversations about performance promote ongoing feedback and open communication between managers and employees. This approach allows for real-time discussions about goals, progress, and areas for improvement, fostering a more agile and adaptive work environment.
Moreover, frequent conversations about performance create opportunities for coaching and development. Managers can identify strengths and weaknesses in a timely manner, offer guidance and support, and help employees set achievable goals. This continuous feedback loop encourages employee growth and engagement, leading to higher motivation and productivity.
By embracing frequent conversations about performance, companies can cultivate a culture of continuous improvement and employee development. This approach allows for more accurate and timely feedback, promotes open communication, and fosters a positive and collaborative work environment. While completely abandoning traditional performance appraisal methods may not be feasible in all cases, incorporating frequent conversations into the performance management process can lead to better outcomes for both employees and the organization as a whole.
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Your marketing plan needs a market-product grid to (a) focus your marketing efforts and (b) help you create a forecast of sales for the company. Use these steps: 1. Define the market segments (the rows in your grid) using the bases of segmentation used to segment consumer and organizational markets. 2. Define the groupings of related products (the columns in your grid). 3. Form your grid and estimate the size of the market in each market-product cell. 4. Select the target market segments on which to focus your efforts with your marketing program. 5. Use the information and the lost-horse forecasting technique (discussed in Chapter 7) to make a sales forecast (company forecast). 6. Draft your positioning statement.
A market-product grid helps focus marketing efforts and forecast sales by (a) defining market segments, (b) grouping related products, (c) estimating market size, (d) selecting target markets, (e) using forecasting techniques, and (f) drafting a positioning statement.
A market-product grid is a tool used in marketing planning that helps identify market segments and related products, estimate market size, and select target markets. By defining market segments based on segmentation bases like demographics or behavior, and grouping related products, the grid provides a framework for analyzing market opportunities.
Estimating market size in each market-product cell allows for identifying potential sales opportunities. The selection of target market segments enables focused marketing efforts. Utilizing forecasting techniques like the lost-horse method helps predict sales. Finally, drafting a positioning statement ensures a clear and compelling message for the target markets.
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Consider a plain vanilla interest rate swap. Firm A can borrow at 8 percent fixed or can borrow floating at LIBOR. Firm Bis somewhat less creditworthy and can borrow at 10 percent fixed or can borrow floating at LIBOR + 1 percent. Firm A wants to borrow floating and Firm B prefers to borrow fixed. Both corporations wish to borrow $10 million for 5 years. Which of the following swaps is mutually beneficial to each party and meets their financing needs? Multiple Choice : A borrows $10 million externally for 5 years at LIBOR, agrees to pay e percent to B for LIDOR Funed for Syears on a notational principal of $5 million, borrows $10 million externally at t0 percent. Since the so there is no mutually beneficial swap A borrows $10 milion externally at 8 percent fixed for 5 years agrees to swap LIBOR to for a percent wed for years on a notational principal of 55 million borrows $10 milion externally at UIBOR + 1 percent Firm A borrows $10 milion externally for 5 years of LIBOR, agrees to swap LIDOR to tem for 8 percent feed for 5 years on a rotational principal of $5 million borrows $10 million externally at 10 percent
The correct answer is:
b) A borrows $10 million externally at 8 percent fixed for 5 years, agrees to swap LIBOR for 9 percent fixed for 5 years on a notational principal of $5 million, and Firm B borrows $10 million externally at LIBOR + 1 percent.
This swap is mutually beneficial for both parties and meets their financing needs. Firm A, which prefers to borrow floating at LIBOR, can achieve this by borrowing externally at a fixed rate of 8 percent and entering into a swap agreement where it pays a fixed rate of 9 percent to Firm B in exchange for receiving LIBOR. Firm B, on the other hand, prefers to borrow fixed and can achieve this by borrowing externally at LIBOR + 1 percent. The swap allows both firms to effectively obtain the type of borrowing they desire while potentially benefiting from a lower interest rate.
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A passive fund consists of 10% investment in the risk-free asset and 90% investment in the market portfolio. Suppose the market portfolio daily return has a mean of 0.1% and a standard deviation of 0.5%. The daily risk-free rate is 0%. The 5-percentile of a standard normal distribution is Z=-1.645. Using parametric method, the closest estimate of the fund's 1-day 95% Value at Risk (VaR) is:
a. 0.723%
b. 1.454%
c. 0.650%
d. 0.534%
The closest estimate of the fund's 1-day 95% Value at Risk (VaR) using the parametric method is 0.723%.
How is the VaR calculated for the passive fund?To calculate the VaR for the passive fund, we need to consider the weighted returns of the risk-free asset and the market portfolio. Since the risk-free asset has a daily return of 0%, its contribution to the fund's overall return is zero. Therefore, we only need to focus on the market portfolio's return.
The 1-day 95% VaR represents the potential loss that the fund may experience with a 5% probability over a one-day period. To estimate this, we use the mean and standard deviation of the market portfolio's daily return.
The VaR can be calculated using the formula: VaR = Mean - (Z * Standard Deviation), where Z represents the Z-score associated with the desired confidence level. In this case, Z is -1.645 for the 5-percentile.
Substituting the given values into the formula, we have: VaR = 0.1% - (-1.645 * 0.5%) = 0.1% + 0.008225% = 0.108225% ≈ 0.108%.
Therefore, the closest estimate of the fund's 1-day 95% VaR is approximately 0.108%, which is closest to option (a) 0.723%.
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which of the following questions will best guide a follow-up investigation about the role of pheromones in locating prey?
The question that will best guide a follow-up investigation about the role of pheromones in locating prey is "How do pheromones work to economics locate prey in different environments?".
The best way to carry out an investigation on the role of pheromones in locating prey is to formulate a research question that can guide the investigation. The research question should be clear, concise, and straightforward. It should help the investigator to focus on the important aspects of the investigation and provide useful insights into the role of pheromones in locating prey.
In this case, the question that will best guide a follow-up investigation about the role of pheromones in locating prey is This question is specific, clear, and straightforward. It focuses on the role of pheromones in locating prey and how they work in different environments, which is important for understanding their overall effectiveness and applicability. Thus, this research question is the best way to guide an investigation into the role of pheromones in locating prey in different environments.
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The year-end adjusted trial balance of the Timmons Tool and Die Corporation included the following account balonces: retained earnings, $320,000; dividends, $52.000, sales revenue. $990,000; cost of goods sold, $690.000: salades expense, $150,000 rent expense. $49,000, and interest expense. $23,000. Prepare the necessary closing entries.
After posting these closing entries, the revenue, expense, and dividend accounts will have zero balances, while the retained earnings account will be updated with the net income and dividend information for the year.
To prepare the necessary closing entries, we need to close the temporary accounts (revenue, expense, and dividend accounts) and transfer their balances to the retained earnings account. Here are the closing entries based on the provided account balances:
Close Sales Revenue:
Debit: Sales Revenue ($990,000)
Credit: Retained Earnings ($990,000)
Close Cost of Goods Sold:
Debit: Retained Earnings ($690,000)
Credit: Cost of Goods Sold ($690,000)
Close Sales Expense:
Debit: Retained Earnings ($150,000)
Credit: Sales Expense ($150,000)
Close Rent Expense:
Debit: Retained Earnings ($49,000)
Credit: Rent Expense ($49,000)
Close Interest Expense:
Debit: Retained Earnings ($23,000)
Credit: Interest Expense ($23,000)
Close Dividends:
Debit: Retained Earnings ($52,000)
Credit: Dividends ($52,000)
The closing entries transfer the balances of the revenue, expense, and dividend accounts to the retained earnings account. The retained earnings account will reflect the net income (or loss) for the period, as well as the distribution of dividends.
After posting these closing entries, the revenue, expense, and dividend accounts will have zero balances, while the retained earnings account will be updated with the net income and dividend information for the year.
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The standard deviation of stock X is 16% and stock Y is 17%. The correlation between the two stocks is 0.45. Calculate the optimal investment proportion of stock Y that will produce the lowest portfolio risk.
a. 12.24%
b. 55.45%
c. 44.50%
d. 81.92%
e. 49.80%
The optimal investment proportion of stock Y that will produce the lowest portfolio risk is given as c. 44.50%
How to solve for the optimal investment proportionLet's solve the problem by inserting the provided values into the formula.
w(Y) = [σ²(X) - ρσ(X)σ(Y)] / [σ²(X) + σ²(Y) - 2ρσ(X)σ(Y)]
Substituting the given values:
w(Y) = [0.16² - 0.45 * 0.16 * 0.17] / [0.16² + 0.17² - 2 * 0.45 * 0.16 * 0.17]
w(Y) = [0.0256 - 0.01224] / [0.0256 + 0.0289 - 2 * 0.01224]
w(Y) = [0.01336] / [0.03002]
w(Y) = 0.4450
Therefore, the optimal investment proportion of stock Y that will produce the lowest portfolio risk is approximately 44.5%.
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fica tax is a payroll tax that is paid only by employers. t/f
The given statement "fica tax is a payroll tax that is paid only by employers" is False because FICA taxes are a combination of Social Security and Medicare taxes.
They are generally collected from employee paychecks by employers. FICA tax is a federal payroll tax that is deducted from your earnings paycheck by your employer. Both employers and employees contribute to FICA taxes. The employee's share of FICA tax is withheld from their earnings and paid to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) on their behalf by their employer.
On the other hand, the employer matches this contribution by contributing a matching amount. Therefore, it is clear that FICA taxes are paid by both employers and employees. Thus, the given statement "fica tax is a payroll tax that is paid only by employers" is False.
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Suppose that a local airport is near a residential neighborhood. To land at this airport, an airliner must pay $100. To soundproof the local homes, so residents do not hear airplanes all hours of the day, residents must pay $44. What is the private cost for a plane to land at this airport? What is the external cost of a plane landing at the airport? What is the social cost of a plane landing at the airport?
The private cost, the external cost, and the social cost of an airplane landing at an airport near a residential neighborhood can be explained as follows: Private cost refers to the direct cost that the business or consumer pays.
The private cost for a plane to land at this airport is $100. It is the cost that airlines must pay to land at the airport. This cost includes landing fees, parking fees, and other related fees.The external cost refers to the indirect cost of a transaction or activity that is not reflected in the market price. The external cost of a plane landing at the airport is $44. It is the cost borne by residents of the local community due to noise pollution and other environmental factors caused by airplanes flying over their homes. The external cost can be further divided into two categories: negative externalities and positive externalities.
The social cost refers to the total cost of a transaction or activity to society as a whole. The social cost of a plane landing at the airport is $144. It includes the private cost of the plane landing at the airport plus the external cost borne by the local residents. Social cost can be used to determine the true cost of an activity or transaction, taking into account both the direct and indirect costs. In a long answer, this can be elaborated more by describing the measures that can be taken to mitigate the external costs to the environment and the residents such as using more noise-efficient planes or installing better soundproofing systems in the homes.
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This assignment requires students to analyse a case relevant to the conditions being experienced in the restaurant industry as it pertains to connecting organizational culture, diversity, values, attitudes, motivation, accountability, and talent management.
Required Materials
Konrad, A & Birbrager, L (2020). Gusto 54: Creating a Culture of Ownership and Accountability. Ivey Publishing.
Instructions
Thoroughly read the case. It is recommended that you read 2-3 times.
Prepare a 5-page report (12-point font, double spaced not including the title page or reference page), that addresses the following questions:
As of January 2020, what is Gusto 54’s competitive advantage? If COVID-19 had never happened, would you have believed that the group would be able to maintain this advantage? Why or why not?
How would you define Gusto 54’s culture as of January 2020? Does your definition vary throughout the case?
What role does values, attitudes, and diversity play at Gusto 54? Do you consider the values, attitudes, and diversity to be a strength or weakness at Gusto 54?
Do you agree or disagree with the steps that Gusto 54 took to build its "people-first"culture? Why or why not? What are the key challenges facing Gusto 54 in January 2020 (before awareness of the upcoming COVID-19 pandemic)?
If COVID-19 had never happened, which challenge would have been Gusto 54’s largest barrier to continued growth? How would you suggest the group tackle this challenge?
Using the data from the case, describe the culture at Gusto 54 as of January 2020. Describe the main obstacles Gusto 54 was facing prior to the COVID-19 epidemic. These might have to do with management, retaining talent, competition, etc.
Give an explanation of Gusto 54's competitive advantage in the restaurant sector as of January 2020 in this area. The menu's originality, the setting, the level of customer service, etc.
Discuss if you think Gusto 54's competitive edge would have persisted if the COVID-19 epidemic hadn't occurred. Consider market trends, client preferences, and the internal strengths and weaknesses of the organization as you defend your position.
Identify any shifts in how the company's culture is viewed during the course of the case. For instance, if there is proof that cultural shifts have occurred as a result of difficulties or strategic adjustments.
Consider how the company's beliefs, staff behaviors, and diversity affect how it operates and succeeds.
Decide if Gusto 54 has these qualities to its advantage or disadvantage. Back up your conclusion.
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How does representation of the four designated groups in the labour force compare with the Canadian population? Select one: a. Women are overrepresented in the labour force. b. Only women are underrepresented in the labour force. c. Only Aboriginals are underrepresented in the labour force. d. All four groups are underrepresented in the labour force.
The representation of the four designated groups in the labor force is underrepresented when compared to the Canadian population. Option D is the correct answer.
Who are the four designated groups?The four designated groups are: WomenAboriginal , peoples, Visible minorities, Persons with disabilities. Due to historical discrimination and prejudice in hiring practices, these groups have been systematically excluded from job opportunities. As a result, these groups have been traditionally underrepresented in the Canadian workforce and in leadership positions within companies.
How does representation of the four designated groups in the labor force compare with the Canadian population?When compared to the Canadian population, all four groups are underrepresented in the labor force. Women, in particular, are underrepresented in leadership roles in most companies in Canada despite constituting more than half of the population (50.4%).
Aboriginal peoples are also underrepresented in the workforce despite accounting for 5% of the Canadian population. Visible minorities represent 22% of the Canadian population, but only make up 16.5% of the labor force.
Finally, persons with disabilities, who represent 22% of the population, are also underrepresented in the workforce. In conclusion, all four designated groups are underrepresented in the labor force compared to the Canadian population.
Hence, option d. is correct.
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Write a report discussing the importance of human resource management with tools, techniques, procedures, and programs and how they are used to manage human resources in organizations. (500 words) . Choose a local or international company and discuss how this company will do the following: • Develop a strategic plan for human resources and how to design a valid recruitment and selection system. . Assessing training needs and designing and evaluating a training program. (500 words) . Project Summary: You must provide a comprehensive summary that summarizes the entire project and reflects the learning and applications used in the HRM301 course (500 words)
Human Resource Management Human Resource Management (HRM) is a business practice that involves the management of human resources or people who work for the organization.
It is a process that involves recruitment, selection, training and development, performance management, compensation, employee relations, and health and safety. HRM is an important part of business management, and it has become a strategic function that influences the overall success of an organization. This report will discuss the importance of human resource management, with tools, techniques, procedures, and programs, and how they are used to manage human resources in organizations.
Developing a strategic plan for human resources and designing a valid recruitment and selection systemA strategic plan is a document that outlines an organization's goals and objectives and how it will achieve them. It is a long-term plan that is designed to guide the organization's activities and decision-making processes. A strategic plan for human resources is designed to align the organization's human resources with its strategic goals and objectives. It involves identifying the organization's human resources needs and developing a plan to meet those needs.A valid recruitment and selection system is an important component of a strategic plan for human resources. It is a process that involves attracting, selecting, and hiring the best candidates for the job.
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Autotrade plc acquired 90% of Socrates Ltd on 1 January 20X6 when the carrying amount of the net assets of Socrates Ltd was $22m (i.e. share capital $10m, retained earnings $12m).
It has been identified that a building of Socrates had a value of $6m in excess of its book value and a useful life of 10 years on the acquisition date.
Furthermore, Socrates has an internally generated brand with a fair value of $2m and a useful life of 4 years on 1 January 20X6 that is not recognised in Socrates individual financial statements.
The consideration transferred was as follows:
6m shares in Autotrade plc issued on 1 January 20X6 when the market price of Autotrade plc’s shares was $3.50.
$5m payment of cash on the acquisition date.
A further payment of cash of $13m on 31 December 20X7. A discount factor of 10%
should be used.
$2m payable if Socrates profits achieve at least 5% growth in profits over the next 3
years. The fair value of the cash payment is $0.5m.
The fair value of NCI in Socrates (i.e. 10%) was valued at $4m.
Socrates’ retained earnings are $19m on 31 December 20X6. On the same date, an impairment loss of $5m shall be recognised against goodwill. The non-controlling interest
4
and goodwill arising on the acquisition of Socrates were calculated using the fair value method.
Requirement:
a) Show subsidiary’s net assets relevant working.
b) Calculate the carrying amount of goodwill 31 December 20X6.
c) Calculate the NCI on 31 December 20X6.
d) Explain whether the recognition of subsidiary’s identifiable net assets at fair value at
the date of acquisition consists of a choice of accounting policy.m
a) Net assets of Socrates on the date of acquisition is $22 million. In addition, a building of Socrates had a value of $6m in excess of its book value and a useful life of 10 years on the acquisition date.
Furthermore, Socrates has an internally generated brand with a fair value of $2m and a useful life of 4 years on 1 January 20X6 that is not recognized in Socrates individual financial statements. Therefore, the net assets of Socrates would be: Share capital 10mRetained earnings 12mBuilding 6mInternally generated brand 2mTotal net assets 30mSocrates net assets acquired by Auto trade (90%) = 30m*0.9 = $27mNCI (10%) = 30m*0.1 = $3mb) The carrying amount of goodwill on December 31, 20X6, would be the difference between the total consideration transferred to Auto trade ($52m) and the fair value of the net assets of Socrates ($27m). Thus, Goodwill on December 31, 20X6 = 52m - 27m = $25mc) The NCI on December 31, 20X6, would be $3md) No, the recognition of a subsidiary’s identifiable net assets at fair value at the date of acquisition does not consist of a choice of accounting policy. It is mandatory under IFRS 3 Business Combinations that a subsidiary's net assets are recognized at fair value. The recognition of a subsidiary’s identifiable net assets at fair value at the date of acquisition is not a choice of accounting policy, it is required.
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Which of the following groups is among the internal stakeholders of Sara Lee? A) Suppliers B) Strategic alliances C) Customers D) Bankers OE) Employees 5
Among the given options, the group that is among the internal stakeholders of Sara Lee is Employees.
Internal stakeholders are individuals or groups that are affected by the operations of a business, including owners, employees, and managers.
They play a significant role in the functioning of the company because they are directly involved in the daily operations of the company.
Internal stakeholders are those people or groups within a company that are involved in the day-to-day operations of a business.
They are an integral part of the business and are essential to the success of the company.
Employees are a critical internal stakeholder group.
They are responsible for the company's day-to-day operations, and their work is essential to the company's success.
Sara Lee is an American consumer goods company.
Employees are one of the primary internal stakeholders of Sara Lee. The company's success depends on the efforts of its employees.
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Suppose a call option on a given stock has premium $5 per share, and the put option at the same exercise price (E=$100) has premium $3 per share. The price of a Treasury security having the same maturity as the options is .9900 (dollars per face). a. What would you expect the price of the underlying security to be? b. Illustrate with a graph trhe profit or payoff profile that would result from a "covered call" (write call on the security you own) on this stock. Explain.
a) Based on the given information, the price of the underlying security can be expected to be around $97 per share.
b) A covered call strategy involves writing a call option on a security that you already own. The graph of the profit or payoff profile for a covered call strategy would show a limited upside potential and a potential downside protection. The profit from the covered call strategy is limited to the premium received from writing the call option, and if the stock price remains below the exercise price, the investor retains ownership of the stock with downside protection.
a) To determine the expected price of the underlying security, we can consider the relationship between the call and put options. The difference between the call and put premium is $5 - $3 = $2 per share. This difference is also known as the put-call parity. According to put-call parity, the difference in premiums is equal to the difference between the stock price and the present value of the exercise price. Therefore, we can expect the price of the underlying security to be approximately $97 ($100 - $2).
b) The graph of the profit or payoff profile for a covered call strategy would show a relatively flat line or a slight upward slope up to the exercise price of $100. Beyond the exercise price, the profit would be limited as the investor would have to sell the stock at the exercise price. The strategy provides potential income from the call option premium but limits the upside potential if the stock price rises significantly. The covered call strategy is often used by investors who are willing to sell their shares at a specific price (the exercise price) in exchange for receiving income from writing the call option. It provides a balance between potential income and downside protection for the investor.
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Which of the following is true when an economy is at its potential GDP? a Only structural unemployment as a result of technological changes will exist in the economy. b The unemployment rate will be greater than 0%. c Only frictional unemployment will exist in the economy. d The unemployment rate will be 0%. e The labour force participation rate will be 100%.
The correct statement when an economy is at its potential GDP is that only frictional unemployment will exist in the economy, and the unemployment rate will be greater than 0%. Therefore the correct option to the given statement is C Only frictional unemployment will exist in the economy. and D The unemployment rate will be 0%
When an economy operates at its potential GDP, it means that it is producing its maximum level of output without causing inflationary pressures or overheating. At this level of output, the economy is considered to be at full employment. However, full employment does not imply zero unemployment.
Frictional unemployment is a type of unemployment that exists even at full employment. It arises from the natural process of workers searching for new and better job opportunities. When individuals voluntarily leave their current jobs to seek new employment, they become temporarily unemployed until they find suitable positions. This type of unemployment is considered to be a normal and healthy part of a dynamic and improving economy.
Therefore, at the potential GDP level, only frictional unemployment will exist because other types of unemployment, such as cyclical or structural unemployment, are minimized. The unemployment rate will still be greater than 0% due to the presence of frictional unemployment.
In conclusion, when an economy is at its potential GDP, the statement "Only frictional unemployment will exist in the economy. The unemployment rate will be greater than 0%" is true. Frictional unemployment is a natural part of a healthy economy, and even at full employment, there will be individuals in transition between jobs, resulting in a positive unemployment rate.
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One of your group members suggested to manipulate the figures you have calculated under activity-based costing.
Explain how this is unethical while referencing to the APES code of ethics (110). how does this unethical practice fall into the five fundamental principles of APES110 (integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality and professional behaviour )
Manipulating the figures is an unethical practice and should not be entertained in any circumstance.
Activity-Based Costing is the process of calculating the cost of a product or service based on its activities. The suggestion to manipulate the figures in the calculated costing is an unethical practice, which is not accepted by the Australian Professional Ethical Standards (APES). It is not compliant with the five fundamental principles of APES 110 (integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality, and professional behavior).1. Integrity: Integrity requires the members to be straightforward and honest in their professional activities. It is a violation of the integrity principle if an individual is manipulating the figures.2. Objectivity: Objectivity principle requires the members to provide a professional service without bias and prejudice. The manipulation of figures leads to biased results, and hence it is not objective.3. Professional competence and due care: It requires the members to have professional skills, knowledge, and experience to offer professional services. The manipulation of figures requires the members to lack professional competence and due care.
4. Confidentiality: Members have a duty to maintain confidentiality of their clients. Manipulating the figures of clients in the activity-based costing process is a breach of the confidentiality principle.5. Professional behavior: It requires members to act with appropriate demeanor and attitude. Manipulating the figures is inappropriate behavior. It is a violation of the professional behavior principle.How is it unethical to manipulate the figures? Manipulating the figures is an unethical practice because it misleads the stakeholders who rely on such information to make informed decisions. Misrepresenting the facts is a breach of trust and a violation of the ethical principles.The APES 110 Code of Ethics sets the ethical standards that members should adhere to in their professional activities. They should maintain integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality, and professional behavior. Violating these principles leads to unethical practices that harm the reputation of members and their organizations.
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Module 9. Planning, Budgeting and Cash Flows 1. What is the relationship between the balance sheet, the income/profit and loss account, and the cash flow statement? Specifically: - In terms of time - In terms of money Examples. 2. Why cash flow is important? Examples. 3. What is the mindset when calculating the costs and the revenues, given the high uncertainty of many variables to be included? 4. What is the purpose of budgeting? 5. Which are the main points investors might focus on your budget? Justify 6. How is budgeting organically related to other parts of the business plan? 7. Different business models have different structure in the budget. Present examples and discuss the main challenges in each of them. 8. What is the break-even analysis? How do you calculate it and why is important? 9. Does budgeting in new ventures differ from budgeting in existing businesses? How? Examples. 10. How does the time value of money affect budgeting and cash flows?
Time value of money discounts the future cash flow back to the present date, using the average rate of return and the number of periods.
The net balance of money coming into and going out of a business at a particular period is referred to as cash flow. A firm constantly receives and expends cash. For instance, when a retailer buys merchandise, money leaves the company and goes to its suppliers.
A cash flow is a physical or digital movement of funds; in its strictest definition, it refers to a payment, particularly one made from one central bank account to another.
Net income plus depreciation and amortization changed working capital, and capital expenditure is all included in free cash flow. Operating Cash Flow is calculated by adding operating income to depreciation, taxes, and any changes to working capital.
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The initial endowments of individuals A and B are given by (A, ŷA) = (2, 2) and (B, ŷB) = (6,6), respectively. UA (XA, YA) = x²y₁ and U₂(XB, YB) = YB — 0.5(8 - x)² represent their respective preferences. Note that the Marginal Rate of Substitutions, following the notations we used in class, are given by: (≤0x/0y if x₁ = 0, YA > 0 MRSA = 2yA/XA = Ox/oy if XA > 0, YA > 0 and MRSB = 8 - XB (≤0x/0y if XB = 0, YB > 0 Ox/oy if XB > 0, YB > 0 ≥ 0x/0y if XB > 0, YB = 0 = ≥ 0x/σy if XA > 0, YA = 0 (a) Determine all the Pareto optimal allocations and depict them in an Edgeworth box diagram. (b) Determine the competitive equilibrium price, and the corresponding allocation. (c) Determine whether the following allocations are Pareto optimal. If it is, find the decentralizing price ratio. If it is not, suggest a Pareto superior allocation that makes both persons strictly better off. (i) (XA, YA) = (6, 8) and (XB, YB) = (2,0) (ii) (XA, YA) = (8, 2) and (xB, YB) = (0,6)
a) The contract curve passes through (2, 6) and (6, 2),
b) The competitive equilibrium allocation is (4, 4).
c) A Pareto superior allocation that makes both individuals better off is (XA, YA) = (8, 5) and (XB, YB) = (0, 3), which lies on the contract curve and gives both individuals higher utility.
(a) All Pareto optimal allocations lie on the contract curve, which is the set of points at which the MRS of the two individuals are equal.
(b) The competitive equilibrium price is the ratio of the marginal utilities of the goods. At an allocation (x, y), the price ratio is given by MRS_A = MRS_B. Therefore, 2yA/x = 8 - x or x = 2yA/(MRS_A + 2) = 8 - 2yB/(MRS_B + 2). Solving these equations yields x = 4 and y = 4.
(c) For allocation (i), MRS_A = 16/6 and MRS_B = 0. Thus, this allocation is not Pareto optimal. A Pareto superior allocation that makes both individuals better off is (XA, YA) = (5, 8) and (XB, YB) = (3, 0), which lies on the contract curve and gives both individuals higher utility.
For allocation (ii), MRS_A = 0 and MRS_B = 16/6. Thus, this allocation is not Pareto optimal.
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Read the questions below and list the answers below
1. Write 3 important criteria for the Medicare System
2. Write 3 important criteria for the Medicaaid System
3. List the coverage limits of the 4 important parts for the Medicare System:
MEDICARE TYPE (A)
MEDICARE TYPE (B)
MEDICARE TYPE (C)
MEDICARE TYPE (D)
Three important criteria for the Medicare System are eligibility, coverage of essential medical services, and cost-sharing provisions.
Three important criteria for the Medicaid System are income and asset eligibility requirements, coverage of essential health services, and federal-state partnership in funding.
1. Medicare System:
Eligibility: Medicare is primarily available for individuals aged 65 and older, as well as certain individuals with disabilities or specific medical conditions.Coverage of essential medical services: Medicare provides coverage for a range of essential medical services, including inpatient hospital care, outpatient services, physician visits, preventive services, and prescription drugs (covered under Part D).Cost-sharing provisions: Medicare beneficiaries are subject to cost-sharing requirements, such as deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance, to share the costs of their healthcare services.2. Medicaid System:
Income and asset eligibility requirements: Medicaid eligibility is based on income and asset limits, varying by state. Individuals with low income, including children, pregnant women, elderly adults, and people with disabilities, may qualify for Medicaid.Coverage of essential health services: Medicaid offers coverage for essential health services, including hospital care, doctor visits, preventive care, prescription drugs, laboratory tests, and mental health services.Federal-state partnership in funding: Medicaid is jointly funded by the federal government and individual states, with federal guidelines and regulations determining the program's coverage requirements, while states have some flexibility in designing their specific Medicaid programs.Coverage limits of the four important parts of the Medicare System:
Medicare Type A: Covers inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing facility care, hospice care, and some home health services. It generally does not require a monthly premium for most beneficiaries.Medicare Type B: Covers outpatient medical services, including doctor visits, preventive care, and medically necessary supplies. It requires a monthly premium, deductible, and coinsurance.Medicare Type C (Medicare Advantage): Provides an alternative to traditional Medicare, offering additional benefits and services through private insurance plans. Coverage and costs vary depending on the specific plan chosen.Medicare Type D: Covers prescription drugs. Beneficiaries can choose from various private drug plans, each with its own list of covered medications (formulary) and associated costs.Learn more about Medicare System here: https://brainly.com/question/31458871
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(1) Compute the predetermined overhead application rate per hour for total overhead, variable overhead, and fixed overhead. Predetermined OH Rate Variable overhead costs Fixed overhead costs Total overhead costs (2) Compute the total variable and total fixed overhead variances and classify each as favorable or unfavorable. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting for favorable, unfavorable, and no variance. Round "Rate per hour" answers to 2 decimal places.) --------At 65% of Operating Capacity- Standard DL Overhead Costs Actual Results Variance Fav./Unf. Hours Applied Variable overhead costs Fixed overhead costs Total overhead costs
To compute the predetermined overhead application rate per hour for total overhead, variable overhead, and fixed overhead, we need to compute the rates using the formula;
Predetermined Overhead Application Rate = Estimated Overhead Costs/ Estimated Activity Level.1. Total Overhead costs Predetermined OH Rate = $800,000/ 50,000 hours= $16 per hour2. Variable overhead costs Predetermined OH Rate = $400,000/ 50,000 hours= $8 per hour3.
Total variable overhead variance = $420,000 - ($8 × 51,000) = $420,000 - $408,000 = $12,000 unfavorable.2. Total fixed overhead variance. Total fixed overhead variance = $260,000 - ($8 × 51,000) = $260,000 - $408,000 = $148,000 favorable. Thus, the total variable overhead variance is $12,000 unfavorable while the total fixed overhead variance is $148,000 favorable.
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True or false?
PEST is an analysis model often used for market environment analysis. It consists of political, educational, social-cultural and technological environment analysis.
Drivers for globalization are technology, liberalization of trade, expansion of multinational enterprises, regional economic integration, international organizations.
The statement is partially true and partially false.
PEST is an analysis model often used for market environment analysis. It stands for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological analysis. However, the statement incorrectly mentions "educational" instead of "economic" in the acronym. So, it should be Political, Economic, Social, and Technological (PEST) analysis.
The drivers for globalization are indeed technology, liberalization of trade, expansion of multinational enterprises, regional economic integration, and international organizations. These factors have played significant roles in facilitating and promoting globalization.
In summary:
True: PEST is an analysis model often used for market environment analysis, and it consists of Political, Economic, Social, and Technological factors.
True: The drivers for globalization include technology, liberalization of trade, expansion of multinational enterprises, regional economic integration, and international organizations.
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A movement along the aggregate demand curve but not a shift in the aggregate demand curve is created by a an increase in government purchases. b a fall in the price level. c a change in the quantity of money. d an increase in nominal GDP.
A movement along the aggregate demand curve, but not a shift, is created by a fall in the price level (b). The other options - an increase in government purchases (a), a change in the quantity of money (c), and an increase in nominal GDP (d) - would cause shifts in the aggregate demand curve.
A movement along the aggregate demand curve occurs when there is a change in the price level, while other factors remain constant. When the price level falls, it leads to a decrease in the aggregate demand, as consumers can now purchase more goods and services with their given income. This movement along the curve is depicted by a change in the quantity of goods and services demanded at different price levels. On the other hand, an increase in government purchases (a), a change in the quantity of money (c), or an increase in nominal GDP (d) would shift the entire aggregate demand curve, representing changes in total spending or the overall level of economic activity.
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Bonita Manufacturing Company uses a standard cost accounting system. In 2022, 27,000 units were produced. Each unit took several kilograms of direct materials and 1.6 standard hours of direct labour at a standard hourly rate of $15.00. Normal capacity was 49,600 direct labour hours. During the year, 113,400 kg of raw materials were purchased at $0.92 per kilogram. All materials purchased were used during the year. If the materials price variance was $9.072 favourable, what was the standard materials price per kilogram? (Round answer to 2 decimal places, eg. 5.25.) Standard price per kilogram $ If the materials quantity variance was $5,400 unfavourable, what was the standard materials quantity per unit? (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 5.17.) Standard materials quantity per unit What were the standard hours allowed for the units produced? Standard hours allowed kilograms If the labour quantity variance was $10,950 unfavourable, what were the actual direct labour hours worked? Actual direct labour hours
The actual direct labor hours worked are 43,930 hours.
To find the standard materials price per kilogram, we can use the formula:
Standard Materials Price = (Total Materials Purchased - Materials Price Variance) / Total Kilograms Purchased
Given that the materials price variance is $9.072 favorable and the total kilograms purchased is 113,400 kg, we can calculate the standard materials price per kilogram as follows:
Standard Materials Price = (113,400 kg - $9.072) / 113,400 kg
Standard Materials Price = $113,390.928 / 113,400 kg
Standard Materials Price ≈ $0.9996 per kilogram
Therefore, the standard materials price per kilogram is approximately $0.9996.
To find the standard materials quantity per unit, we can use the formula:
Standard Materials Quantity = Total Kilograms Purchased / Total Units Produced
Given that the total kilograms purchased is 113,400 kg and the total units produced are 27,000 units, we can calculate the standard materials quantity per unit as follows:
Standard Materials Quantity = 113,400 kg / 27,000 units
Standard Materials Quantity ≈ 4.2 kg per unit
Therefore, the standard materials quantity per unit is approximately 4.2 kg.
To find the standard hours allowed for the units produced, we can use the formula:
Standard Hours Allowed = Total Units Produced * Standard Hours per Unit
Given that the total units produced are 27,000 units and the standard hours per unit is 1.6 hours, we can calculate the standard hours allowed as follows:
Standard Hours Allowed = 27,000 units * 1.6 hours
Standard Hours Allowed = 43,200 hours
Therefore, the standard hours allowed for the units produced are 43,200 hours.
To find the actual direct labor hours worked, we can use the labor quantity variance formula:
Labor Quantity Variance = (Actual Hours - Standard Hours Allowed) * Standard Rate
Given that the labor quantity variance is $10,950 unfavorable, and the standard rate is $15.00 per hour, we can rearrange the formula to solve for the actual direct labor hours:
Actual Hours = (Labor Quantity Variance / Standard Rate) + Standard Hours Allowed
Actual Hours = ($10,950 / $15.00) + 43,200 hours
Actual Hours = 730 + 43,200 hours
Actual Hours = 43,930 hours
Therefore, the actual direct labor hours worked are 43,930 hours.
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Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the development of a reward system?
Select one:
a. The key benefit of a profit-sharing plan is to encourage employees to think like owners.
b. The key benefit of an individual-based incentive system is to highlight improved expectancy and instrumentality.
c. The key benefit of gain-sharing plan is to introduce equity, ensuring the employees who contribute to the business can get a share of the gains.
d. The key benefit of an employee share plan is to reduce free-riding problems.
The statement which is NOT true regarding the development of a reward system is "The key benefit of an employee share plan is to reduce free-riding problems."What is a reward system?A reward system is an organizational method for rewarding, recognizing, and compensating employees in return for their good performance or work done.
A compensation system usually includes pay and benefits such as health care, retirement plans, bonuses, profit sharing, and other reward options.Reward system and benefits are based on several factors such as job content, organizational structure, and objectives. A benefit system is often used to attract, retain and motivate employees.Key Benefits of different reward systems are as follows:a.
The key benefit of a profit-sharing plan is to encourage employees to think like owners.b. The key benefit of an individual-based incentive system is to highlight improved expectancy and instrumentality.c. The key benefit of gain-sharing plan is to introduce equity, ensuring the employees who contribute to the business can get a share of the gains.d. The key benefit of an employee share plan is to reduce free-riding problems. The above options are the key benefits of different reward systems, and all of them are true, except for option d, which is incorrect because the key benefit of the employee share plan is to promote employee ownership culture, rather than reducing free-riding problems.\
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Reflect on your experiences as a student in this subject. With reference to relevant organisational behaviour literature, identify and discuss two types of power you exercised during group work and provide an example of each (6 marks). Explain two ways to enhance your power as a student at university (4 marks).
The type of power that individuals can exercise during group work based on organizational behavior literature.
Two types of power that can be exercised during group work are:
1. Expert power: This type of power is based on an individual's knowledge, skills, and expertise in a particular area. When a student possesses expert power, they are seen as credible and knowledgeable, and others in the group may defer to their judgment or rely on their expertise. For example, a student who excels in statistics may exercise expert power by guiding the group in analyzing and interpreting data for a research project.
2. Referent power: Referent power is based on an individual's charisma, likability, and ability to establish strong relationships with others. When a student has referent power, their peers are influenced by their positive qualities, admire and respect them, and are motivated to follow their lead. For instance, a student who is well-liked and has excellent interpersonal skills may exercise referent power by effectively facilitating group discussions and fostering a positive team dynamic.
To enhance power as a student at university, two ways could be:
1. Developing expertise: By continuously building knowledge and skills in a specific area, such as through additional coursework, research projects, or practical experience, a student can enhance their expert power. This can involve staying updated with relevant literature, attending seminars or workshops, and seeking opportunities for hands-on learning.
2. Building relationships and networking: Establishing connections with professors, classmates, and professionals in the field can enhance referent power. Actively participating in class discussions, joining student organizations, attending networking events, and seeking mentorship can help students expand their networks and develop strong relationships, which can increase their influence and power within the university context.
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Which of the following is not a benefit gained from self-disclosure?
a. Increased accuracy in communication.
b. Increased likeability.
c. Increased self-awareness.
d. Reduction of stress
Increased accuracy in communication is not a benefit gained from self-disclosure. The correct answer is a.
Self-disclosure refers to the act of revealing personal information, thoughts, or feelings to others. It is a form of communication that can occur in various relationships and social interactions. While self-disclosure can have several benefits, increased accuracy in communication is not one of them.
The benefits of self-disclosure include:
b. Increased likeability: When individuals engage in self-disclosure, it allows others to get to know them on a deeper level. This can foster a sense of trust, intimacy, and connection, which in turn can increase likeability and strengthen relationships.
c. Increased self-awareness: Self-disclosure often involves reflecting on one's own experiences, thoughts, and emotions. By sharing personal information with others, individuals gain a better understanding of themselves and their own feelings, leading to increased self-awareness and personal growth.
d. Reduction of stress: Self-disclosure can serve as a form of emotional release. Sharing one's burdens, concerns, or struggles with others can provide a sense of relief and support, reducing stress and promoting emotional well-being.
While self-disclosure can enhance communication by fostering understanding, empathy, and intimacy in relationships, it does not necessarily increase the accuracy of communication. Accuracy in communication is primarily achieved through clear and effective expression of thoughts and ideas, active listening, and mutual understanding between communicators.
It's worth noting that self-disclosure is a complex process, and its benefits may vary depending on the context, the nature of the relationship, and individual preferences. Different individuals may have different comfort levels and boundaries when it comes to self-disclosure, and it is important to respect and consider these factors in interpersonal communication.
Therefore the correct answer is option a.
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You are evaluating a project that will require an investment of $18 million that will be depreciated over a period of 15 years. You are concerned that the corporate tax rate will increase during the life of the project.
Would it increase the Financial break-even point?
The statement is Yes, the financial break-even point would increase if the corporate tax rate increases during the life of the project.
The financial break-even point is the point at which a business generates enough revenue to cover all of its fixed and variable expenses, but not enough to generate a profit. In other words, it is the minimum amount of revenue that a company must generate in order to avoid a loss. In the given situation, if the corporate tax rate increases during the life of the project, it will increase the fixed expenses of the project. Depreciation is one of the fixed expenses which is calculated by using a fixed percentage of the asset value, so any increase in tax rate will increase the depreciation expenses. As depreciation is a tax-deductible expense, an increase in tax rate will result in a decrease in tax shield which in turn will increase the financial break-even point. In conclusion, if the corporate tax rate increases during the life of the project, it would increase the financial break-even point, as fixed expenses like depreciation, which have tax shield benefits, would be reduced and thus raise the financial break-even point.
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The market and Stock J have the following probability distributions: Probability ™M 0.3 14.00 % 21.00 % 0.4 8.00 3.00 0.3 19.00 10.00 The data has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file below. Open the spreadsheet and perform the required analysis to answer the questions below. Open spreadsheet a. Calculate the expected rate of return for the market. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. % Calculate the expected rate of return for Stock J. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. % b. Calculate the standard deviation for the market. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. Calculate the standard deviation for Stock J. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. %
According to the question we can calculate the expected rate of return and standard deviation:
a. Expected rate of return:
To calculate the expected rate of return, you need to multiply each possible return by its corresponding probability and sum them up.
For the market:
Expected rate of return = (Probability1 * Return1) + (Probability2 * Return2) + (Probability3 * Return3)
For Stock J:
Expected rate of return = (Probability1 * Return1) + (Probability2 * Return2) + (Probability3 * Return3)
b. Standard deviation:
To calculate the standard deviation, you need to calculate the variance first. The variance is the average of the squared differences between each return and the expected rate of return.
For the market:
Variance = (Probability1 * (Return1 - Expected Return)^2) + (Probability2 * (Return2 - Expected Return)^2) + (Probability3 * (Return3 - Expected Return)^2)
Standard deviation = square root of the variance
For Stock J:
Variance = (Probability1 * (Return1 - Expected Return)^2) + (Probability2 * (Return2 - Expected Return)^2) + (Probability3 * (Return3 - Expected Return)^2)
Standard deviation = square root of the variance
Please provide the values for Return1, Return2, and Return3 in the probability distributions, and I can assist you in calculating the expected rate of return and standard deviation for the market and Stock J.
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