a bottle full of water has a mass of 45g when full of mercury.its mass is 360g if the mass of the empty bottle is 20g. calculate the density of the mercury. state the order in which the reading will be taken
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(A) the mechanical energy lost due to friction acting on the runner is approximately 2632.02 J.
(B) the base runner slides approximately 6.27 meters of distance

Given:

Mass of the base runner (m) = 62 kg

Initial speed (v₀) = 3.7 m/s

Coefficient of friction (μ) = 0.70

(A) To calculate the mechanical energy lost due to friction, we'll first find the final speed (v) when the runner reaches the base. Since the runner slides until his speed becomes zero, we have:

Final speed (v) = 0 m/s

The change in kinetic energy is given by:

ΔKE = 0.5 * m * (v² - v₀²)

Substituting the given values:

ΔKE = 0.5 * 62 kg * ((0 m/s)² - (3.7 m/s)²)

ΔKE = 0.5 * 62 kg * (-13.69 m²/s²)

ΔKE ≈ -2632.02 J

Note that the negative sign indicates a loss of mechanical energy.

Therefore, the mechanical energy lost due to friction acting on the runner is approximately 2632.02 J.

(B) To determine the distance the runner slides, we'll use the work-energy principle. The work done by friction is equal to the change in mechanical energy:

Work done by friction (W) = ΔKE

The work done by friction can be calculated using the formula:

W = μ * m * g * d

where g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²) and d is the distance the runner slides.

Setting W equal to ΔKE:

μ * m * g * d = ΔKE

Substituting the given values:

0.70 * 62 kg * 9.8 m/s² * d = -2632.02 J

Solving for d:

d = (-2632.02 J) / (0.70 * 62 kg * 9.8 m/s²)

d ≈ -6.27 m

Again, the negative sign indicates the direction of the slide.

Therefore, the base runner slides approximately 6.27 meters.

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The final volume of the gas, when the pressure changes from 80.8 kPa to 101.3 kPa at constant temperature, is approximately 652.9 cm³.

To solve this problem, we can use Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.

Boyle's Law can be represented by the equation: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume.

Given:

Initial volume, V₁ = 817 cm³

Initial pressure, P₁ = 80.8 kPa

Final pressure, P₂ = 101.3 kPa

We need to find the final volume, V₂.

Using Boyle's Law equation, we can rearrange it to solve for V₂:

V₂ = (P₁V₁) / P₂

Plugging in the given values:

V₂ = (80.8 kPa * 817 cm³) / 101.3 kPa

Simplifying the expression:

V₂ ≈ 652.9 cm³

Therefore, the final volume of the gas, when the pressure changes from 80.8 kPa to 101.3 kPa at constant temperature, is approximately 652.9 cm³.

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Answer:

This problem involves the concept of a random walk, which is a mathematical model of a path consisting of a succession of random steps.

The question asks for the distance, R(n), from the center of a star after n steps of a photon, assuming a 2D random walk.

The random walk in two dimensions has a step length of A_i and the direction of the steps is uniformly distributed in [0, 2π). The change in position after each step can be written in Cartesian coordinates (Δx, Δy), where Δx = A_i cos(θ_i) and Δy = A_i sin(θ_i).

The displacement from the center after n steps is given by the vector sum of all the individual steps. This vector sum can be written in terms of its Cartesian coordinates, (X, Y), where X = Σ Δx and Y = Σ Δy. This sum over n random vectors is itself a random variable. The net displacement R(n) from the center of the star after n steps is given by the magnitude of the net displacement vector:

R(n) = √(X² + Y²)

Because each step is independent and has a random direction, the expected value of the cosine and sine for any step is zero. This means that the expected values of X and Y are both zero.

However, the mean square displacement is not zero. Because the steps are independent, the mean square displacement in each direction is additive. For a 2D random walk:

<X²> = Σ <(Δx)²> = n <(A cos θ)²> = n A²/2

<Y²> = Σ <(Δy)²> = n <(A sin θ)²> = n A²/2

Because <X²> = <Y²>, we can write:

<R²> = <X²> + <Y²> = n A²

So, the root mean square distance (the square root of the mean square displacement) after n steps is:

R(n) = √(<R²>) = √(n) * A

Therefore, the distance R(n) that the photon is expected to be from the center of the star after n steps grows as the square root of the number of steps, with each step having a length A. Please note that this result holds for a 2D random walk. A real photon in a star would be performing a 3D random walk, which would have slightly different characteristics.

The molecules of O2 that are  present in 3.90 L flask at  a temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1.00 atm is 1.047 x 10^23 molecules  of O2

Step  1:  used the ideal gas equation to calculate the moles of O2

that is Pv=n RT  where;

P(pressure)= 1.00 atm

V(volume) =3.90 L

n(number of moles)=?

R(gas constant) = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K

T(temperature) = 273 k

by  making n the subject of the formula by  dividing  both side by RT

n= Pv/RT

n=[( 1.00 atm x 3.90 L)  /(0.0821 L.atm/mol.k  x273)]=0.174  moles

Step 2: use the Avogadro's  law constant  to calculate  the number of molecules

that  is  according to Avogadro's law

                          1  mole =  6.02 x10^23  molecules

                            0.174 moles=? molecules

by  cross  multiplication

the number of  molecules

= (0.174  moles x  6.02 x10^23  molecules)/ 1 mole  =1.047 x 10^23 molecules of O2

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When the orientation of the coil is varied through all possible positions, the maximum torque on the coil by the magnetic forces is 0.16 N·m. The magnetic field strength required to achieve this torque is approximately 0.000318 Tesla.

The maximum torque on a circular coil in a uniform magnetic field can be calculated using the formula:

τ = N * B * A * sinθ

Where:

τ is the torque,

N is the number of turns in the coil,

B is the magnetic field strength,

A is the area of the coil, and

θ is the angle between the normal to the coil and the direction of the magnetic field.

In this case, The radius of the coil is given as 0.40 m, and the number of turns is 160. We need to find the magnetic field strength (B) and the angle (θ) to calculate the torque.

Since the maximum torque is given as 0.16 N·m, we can write the equation as:

0.16 N·m = 160 * B * π * [tex](0.40 m)^2[/tex] * sinθ

Simplifying the equation:

0.16 N·m = 160 * B * (0.16π) * sinθ

Now, solving for B:

B = (0.16 N·m) / (160 * (0.16π) * sinθ)

B = 0.001 N / (π * sinθ)

The magnetic field strength (B) depends on the angle θ. The maximum torque occurs when sinθ is equal to 1 (sinθ = 1), which gives us the maximum value for B.

Substituting sinθ = 1:

B = 0.001 N / (π * 1) = 0.000318 N/T

Therefore, the magnetic field strength is approximately 0.000318 Tesla (T).

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1) The electric potential energy of the block-spring system is approximately 22.03 J.

2) The block's speed after leaving the spring is approximately 2.165 m/s.

1) To calculate the electric potential energy of the block-spring system, we need to consider the potential energy stored in the spring when it is compressed. The formula for the potential energy stored in a spring is given by:

[tex]PE =[/tex] [tex](1/2) k x^2[/tex]

where PE is the potential energy, k is the spring constant, and x is the displacement (compression) of the spring.

Given that the spring constant, k, is 785 N/m and the displacement, x, is 0.0750 m, we can substitute these values into the formula:

[tex]PE =[/tex] [tex](1/2) * 785 * (0.0750)^2[/tex] = 22.03125 J

2) When the block is released, it will experience a conversion of potential energy stored in the spring into kinetic energy as it accelerates. Since the surface is frictionless, there are no dissipative forces, and the conservation of mechanical energy can be applied.

The potential energy stored in the spring is given by the equation:

[tex]PE =[/tex] [tex](1/2) mv^2[/tex]

where m is the mass of the block and v is its velocity.

By equating the initial potential energy to the final kinetic energy, we can solve for the velocity of the block:

[tex](1/2) k x^2 = (1/2) mv^2[/tex]

Simplifying the equation:

[tex]v^2 = k/m * x^2[/tex]

[tex]v = sqrt(k/m) * x[/tex]

Substituting the given values:

v = sqrt(785/2.8) * 0.0750 ≈ 2.165 m/s

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Answer:

Explanation:

When spheres or objects come into contact and then move apart, it is typically due to the presence of an external force or energy imparted to the system. There are a few possible reasons for spheres to move apart after contact:

Elasticity: If the spheres are made of elastic materials, such as rubber or certain metals, they can deform upon contact and then regain their original shape when the external force is removed. This elasticity causes the spheres to move apart.

Repulsive forces: If the spheres have like charges or magnetic properties, they can experience repulsive forces when brought close together. These repulsive forces push the spheres apart once the external force is no longer present.

Conservation of momentum: If the spheres are initially at rest and then pushed together with an external force, the conservation of momentum requires them to move apart after the force is removed. This is due to Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Overall, the specific reason for spheres moving apart after contact depends on the properties of the spheres and the nature of the external force or energy involved.

The mass of the picture is approximately 5.19 kilograms.

The deformation in this case is called shear deformation, a type of deformation that occurs when parallel internal surfaces slide past one another. It is caused by shear stress in the structure. The shear stress (τ) is the force (F) applied divided by the cross-sectional area (A) of the nail. The shear strain (γ) is the displacement (Δx) divided by the original length (L0).

The relationship between shear stress and shear strain is given by the shear modulus (G) in the formula:

τ = G * γ

To find the weight of the picture, we need to calculate the shear stress first:

The cross-sectional area A of the nail is given by the formula for the area of a circle:

A = πr² = π(d/2)² = π(0.0015 m / 2)² = 1.767 x 10^-6 m².

The shear strain γ is given by:

γ = Δx / L0 = (1.80 x 10^-6 m) / (5 x 10^-3 m) = 0.36.

The shear stress τ can now be calculated by rearranging the formula:

τ = G * γ

=> τ = (80 x 10^9 N/m²) * 0.36 = 28.8 x 10^9 N/m²

The force F on the nail is equal to the weight w of the picture, and it can be calculated from the shear stress:

τ = F / A

=> F = τ * A = (28.8 x 10^9 N/m²) * (1.767 x 10^-6 m²) = 50.89 N.

Since weight w = m * g, where m is mass and g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s²), we can find the mass m:

m = w / g = (50.89 N) / (9.81 m/s²) = 5.19 kg.

So, the mass of the picture is approximately 5.19 kilograms.

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The following are the statements' respective scalar quantities:

The scalar quantities in the given statements are the mass of the crab, which is 0.7 kg, and the temperature of the ocean Shelly swam in, which was 22 degrees Celsius. Scalar quantities are measurements that have magnitude but no direction.

In this context, mass and temperature are scalar quantities because they represent numerical values without any specific directional information associated with them.

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The physical quantities are of two types and they are scalar and vector quantities. Scalar quantities are the physical quantity that has only a magnitude. The vector quantities are the physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction.

From the given, the statements that have only magnitude without direction are scalar quantities. Hence, the scalar quantity statements are:

2) Shelly traveled 8km in 4 hours giving her an average speed of 2 km/hr. The speed is the physical quantity that gives the magnitude of distance covered by the object and hence, speed is the scalar quantity.

5) Shelly ate a crab that had a mass of 0.7 kg representing the scalar quantity statement. The mass is the quantity that has magnitude and it has no direction. Thus, mass is the scalar quantity.

6) The temperature of the oceans Shelly swam in was 22 degrees Celcius. Thus, temperature is the scalar quantity.

The remaining sentences represent the vector quantity as the statements indicate both magnitude and direction.

Hence, the correct statements are options 2, 5, and 6.

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A food diary is a record of everything you eat and drink throughout the day. It helps you track your eating habits, monitor your calorie intake, etc.

Time Food Amount or Quantity

7:00 AM Oatmeal with berries and nuts 1 cup oatmeal, 1/2 cup berries, 1/4 cup nuts

10:00 AM Apple 1 medium apple

12:00 PM Salad with grilled chicken 1 cup salad greens, 1/2 cup grilled chicken, 1/4 cup dressing

2:00 PM Banana 1 medium banana

6:00 PM Salmon with roasted vegetables 4 ounces salmon, 1 cup roasted vegetables

8:00 PM Yogurt with granola 1 cup yogurt, 1/2 cup granola

I also had a few cups of coffee and water throughout the day.

I am generally happy with my diet. I eat a variety of healthy foods and I try to limit my intake of processed foods and sugary drinks. I am also mindful of my portion sizes. However, I could probably eat more fruits and vegetables. I am also trying to cut back on my caffeine intake.

I think keeping a food diary is a helpful way to track my eating habits. It helps me to be more aware of what I am eating and to make healthier choices. I would recommend keeping a food diary to anyone who is trying to improve their diet.

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To calculate the weight of the block, we can use the formula:

Weight = Mass x Gravity

Where gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s^2.

First, we need to find the mass of the block. We can use the formula:

Density = Mass / Volume

The volume of the block is:

Volume = Length x Width x Height

Volume = 10 cm x 3 cm x 2 cm

Volume = 60 cm^3

We don't know the density of the metal, so we can't calculate the mass directly. However, we can use the spring balance reading to find the weight of the block.

The spring balance has a maximum reading of 10 Newtons, which corresponds to a length of 20 cm. When the block is hung on the balance, it stretches the string by 15 cm. The extension of the spring is proportional to the weight of the block, so we can use the following proportion:

Extension of spring / Total length of spring = Weight of block / Maximum weight of spring balance

Substituting the values we have:

15 cm / 20 cm = Weight of block / 10 N

Solving for the weight of the block:

Weight of block = 7.5 N

Now we can find the mass of the block:

Mass = Weight / Gravity

Mass = 7.5 N / 9.8 m/s^2

Mass = 0.765 kg

Finally, we can calculate the density of the metal:

Density = Mass / Volume

Density = 0.765 kg / 60 cm^3

Density = 0.01275 kg/cm^3

So the weight of the block is 7.5 N, the mass of the block is 0.765 kg, and the density of the metal is 0.01275 kg/cm^3.

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♥️ [tex]\large{\textcolor{red}{\underline{\mathcal{SUMIT\:\:ROY\:\:(:\:\:}}}}[/tex]

The NFL prospect's 40-yard dash time is approximately 5.92 seconds.

1. Calculating the time for acceleration:

Using the equation of motion: v = u + at,

where v = final velocity, u = initial velocity, a = acceleration, and t = time.

Given:

Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s (assuming the prospect starts from rest)

Final velocity (v) = 8.17 m/s

Acceleration (a) = 4.9 m/s²

v = u + at

8.17 = 0 + 4.9t

Solving for t:

t = 8.17 / 4.9

t ≈ 1.67 seconds

2. Calculating the time for the remaining distance:

The remaining distance is 36.6 m - the distance covered during acceleration.

Distance covered during acceleration:

Using the equation of motion: s = ut + (1/2)at²

s = 0 × t + (1/2) × 4.9 × t²

s = (1/2) × 4.9 × t²

Distance covered during acceleration = (1/2) × 4.9 × (1.67)²

Remaining distance = 36.6 m - [(1/2) × 4.9 × (1.67)²]

3. Calculating the time for the remaining distance:

Using the equation of motion: s = vt,

where s is the remaining distance, v is the constant velocity, and t is the time.

s = v × t

[36.6 - (1/2) × 4.9 × (1.67)²] = 8.17 × t

Solving for t:

t = [36.6 - (1/2) × 4.9 × (1.67)²] / 8.17

t ≈ 4.25 seconds

4. Calculating the total dash time:

Total dash time = time for acceleration + time for remaining distance

Total dash time = 1.67 + 4.25

Total dash time ≈ 5.92 seconds

Therefore, the NFL prospect's 40-yard dash time is approximately 5.92 seconds.

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When a skater pulls in her arms, a kid starts up a merry-go-round from a stop, or a computer's hard disk slows to a stop when it is turned off, angular velocity is not constant.

Thus, There is an angular acceleration in each of these situations, in which changes. The angular acceleration increases with the rate of change. The rate at which angular velocity changes is referred to as angular acceleration.

The answer is that the air masses that generate tornadoes rotate, and their rate of rotation rises as their radii get smaller and angular velocity.

The skater begins her rotation by extending her limbs, then she pulls them in closer to her torso to increase the spin.

Thus, When a skater pulls in her arms, a kid starts up a merry-go-round from a stop, or a computer's hard disk slows to a stop when it is turned off, angular velocity is not constant.

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The rotational velocity or angular velocity of the sun is 2.5 x 10⁻⁶ rad/s.

The angular acceleration of the sun is 43.5 x 10⁻⁴ rad/s².

The angular momentum is 96.8 x 10⁴⁰kgm²/s.

Radius of the sun, R = 6.96 x 10⁸m

Mass of the sun, m = 2 x 10³⁰kg

Time period of the sun, T = 29 days = 2.51 x 10⁶s

Angular velocity is the rate of change in the angular displacement between two bodies or the pace at which an object revolves or rotates around an axis.

The rotational velocity or angular velocity of the sun is,

ω = 2π/T

ω = 2 x 3.14/2.51 x 10⁶

ω = 2.5 x 10⁻⁶ rad/s

The linear speed of particles on the outermost portion of the sun is,

v = Rω

v = 6.96 x 10⁸x 2.5 x 10⁻⁶

v = 1.74 x 10³m/s

The angular acceleration of the sun,

α = Rω²

α = 6.96 x 10⁸x (2.5 x 10⁻⁶)²

α = 43.5 x 10⁻⁴ rad/s²

The moment of inertia of the solid sphere, I = 2/5MR²

The expression for the angular momentum is given by,

L = Iω

L = 2/5 x 2 x 10³⁰ x (6.96 x 10⁸)² x 2.5 x 10⁻⁶

L = 96.8 x 10⁴⁰kgm²/s

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If a 5kg mass starts from rest at xo = -1 and moves under the action of a variable force F(x) = √1-x² to point xf = 1. Then the total work done by the force is equal to π/2 + 1.

To calculate the total work done by the force in this scenario, we can use the formula for work:

Work = ∫F(x) dx

where F(x) is the force as a function of position and dx represents an infinitesimal displacement.

In this case, the force is given by F(x) = √(1 - x²), and we need to find the total work done as the object moves from xo = -1 to xf = 1.

Let's break down the calculation step by step:

Write the integral for work:

Work = ∫F(x) dx

Substitute the given force:

Work = ∫√(1 - x²) dx

Integrate with respect to x:

To integrate the square root of (1 - x²), we use the trigonometric substitution. Let's substitute x = sin(θ) and dx = cos(θ) dθ.

Work = ∫√(1 - sin²(θ)) cos(θ) dθ

Simplify the integrand:

Using the trigonometric identity sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1, we can rewrite the integrand as cos²(θ).

Work = ∫cos²(θ) dθ

Apply the power-reducing formula:

The power-reducing formula states that cos²(θ) = (1 + cos(2θ)) / 2. We can use this formula to simplify the integrand further.

Work = ∫(1 + cos(2θ))/2 dθ

Integrate the terms separately:

Work = (1/2) ∫dθ + (1/2) ∫cos(2θ) dθ

The first integral, ∫dθ, is simply θ, and the second integral, ∫cos(2θ) dθ, can be calculated as sin(2θ)/2.

Work = (1/2) θ + (1/2) (sin(2θ)/2) + C

Evaluate the integral limits:

To find the total work done, we need to evaluate the integral at the upper and lower limits of integration.

At xf = 1, the angle θ is π/2, and at xo = -1, the angle θ is -π/2.

Work = (1/2) (π/2) + (1/2) (sin(2(π/2))/2) - [(1/2) (-π/2) + (1/2) (sin(2(-π/2))/2)]

Simplifying further:

Work = π/4 + (1/2) - (-π/4 + (1/2))

Work = π/4 + 1/2 + π/4 + 1/2

Work = π/2 + 1

Therefore, the total work done by the force is equal to π/2 + 1.

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The ball left the bat at an angle of 45° from the horizontal, and then the ball was in the air for 4.51 seconds.

To calculate how long the ball was in the air, we can break down the motion of the ball into its horizontal and vertical components. Given that the ball was hit at an angle of 45° from the horizontal, we can determine the initial velocities in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The horizontal component of the initial velocity (Vx) remains constant throughout the motion because there is no horizontal acceleration. The vertical component of the initial velocity (Vy) can be calculated using trigonometry, knowing that the angle is 45° and the magnitude of the velocity is 125 m (450 ft).

Vy = V * sin(45°)

Vy = 125 m/s * sin(45°)

Vy = 125 m/s * √(2)/2

Vy ≈ 88.4 m/s

Next, we can analyze the vertical motion of the ball. The ball is subject to a constant acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.8 m/s². Using this acceleration, we can calculate the time it takes for the ball to reach its maximum height and then fall back down to the ground.

Using the kinematic equation:

Vy = V0y + a * t

where Vy is the final vertical velocity (which is 0 m/s at the highest point), V0y is the initial vertical velocity, a is the acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s²), and t is the time.

0 = 88.4 m/s - 9.8 m/s² * t

Solving for t:

t = 88.4 m/s / 9.8 m/s²

t ≈ 9.02 s

Since the time calculated is for the total time of the ball's flight (going up and coming back down), we can divide it by 2 to get the time the ball was in the air:

t_air = t / 2

t_air ≈ 4.51 s

Therefore, the ball was in the air for approximately 4.51 seconds.

It's important to note that this calculation assumes ideal conditions and neglects factors such as air resistance, variations in gravitational acceleration, and any other external factors that could affect the ball's flight.

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Answer:

[tex]{\Delta L=0.012 \ m[/tex]

Explanation:

Given:

[tex]L_0=10.0 \ m\\\Delta T_0=25.0 \ \textdegree C\\\Delta T_f=75.0 \ \textdegree C\\\alpha_{Al}=2.40 \times 10^{-5} \ \textdegree C^{-1}[/tex]

Find:

[tex]\Delta L= \ ?? \ m[/tex]

Using the formula for linear expansion.

[tex]\boxed{\left\begin{array}{ccc}\text{\underline{Formula for Linear Expansion:}}\\\\ \Delta L=\alpha L_0 \Delta T\end{array}\right}[/tex]

Where...

[tex]\hrulefill[/tex]

Plug the known values into the formula for linear expansion.  

[tex]\Delta L=\alpha L_0 \Delta T\\\\\Longrightarrow \Delta L=(2.40 \times 10^{-5})(10.0)(75.0-25.0)\\\\\therefore \boxed{\boxed{\Delta L=0.012 \ m}}[/tex]

Thus, the change in length is found.

The change in length of the aluminum beam due to the thermal linear expansion is 0.012 m.

When a material's temperature increases, a phenomenon known as linear expansion occurs, which results in an increase in the material's length.

The length of a material that is one-unit long changes as the temperature rises by ten degrees Celsius, which is how the coefficient of linear expansion is stated.

Length of the aluminum beam, L = 10 m

Initial temperature of the beam, T₁ = 25°C

Final temperature of the beam, T₂ = 75°C

The coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum, α = 2.4 x 10⁻⁵⁻⁵⁻⁻C⁻

The equation for the change in length of the aluminum beam is given by,

ΔL = αLΔT

ΔL = 2.4 x 10⁻⁵x 10 x(75 - 25)

ΔL = 2.4 x 10⁻⁴x 50

ΔL = 0.012 m

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An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents. Each citation is followed by a brief descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited.

The cue column is typically located on the left-hand side of the page and is used to jot down keywords or questions that serve as cues for recalling the main points of the lecture or reading. The note-taking area is located on the right-hand side of the page and is used to write down detailed notes about the lecture or reading.

The summary section is located at the bottom of the page and is used to summarize the key points of the notes. Overall, the Cornell method is an effective way to organize and retain information during lectures and readings.

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The luminosity of this star in units of the solar luminosity would be: 483.7L.

To calculate the luminosity, we would use the different values given and the formula for luminosity.

Temperature = 9305K

Star's radius = [tex]5.90 * 10^{9} m\\[/tex]

Luminoisty of the star

Luminosity of the sun

= [tex]\frac{4π * (5.90 * 10^9)^2 * 5.67 * 10^-8 * 9305^4 W}{3.846 * 10^26 W}[/tex]

= 483.7L

This is the unit for luminosity.

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Answer:

The formulas are down below

Explanation:

[tex]w = \frac{o}{t} [/tex]

From V=rw

[tex]w = \frac{v}{r} [/tex]

(a) The average pressure exerted by the person is 40,000 N/m².

(b) The average pressure exerted by the elephant has 295,000 N/m².

The average pressure exerted by the elephant is about 7 times greater than the average pressure exerted by the person.

The average pressure exerted by each is defined as the force per unit area.

Mathematically, the formula for average pressure is given as;

P = F/A

where;

F is the applied force

A is the area of each object

P = W / A

where;

W is weight of the person

A is the area of surface in contact

The average pressure exerted by the person is calculated as follows;

P = (640 N) / (0.016)

P = 40,000 N/m²

The average pressure exerted by the elephant is calculated as follows;

P = (4.13 x 10⁴ N) / (0.14)

P = 295,000 N/m²

Thus, the average pressure exerted by the elephant and the person depends on their weight and area of their shoes.

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Neglecting air resistance, the altitude of the pole vaulter as she crosses the bar is 5.7 meters.

The pole vaulter's kinetic energy when she is running is:

KE = 1/2 × m × v²

KE = 1/2 × 49 kg × (11 m/s)²

KE = 2745 J

The pole vaulter's kinetic energy when she is above the bar is:

KE = 1/2 × m × v²

KE = 1/2 × 49 kg × (1.4 m/s)²

KE = 122 J

The difference in kinetic energy is the energy that was used to raise the pole vaulter's altitude. This energy is equal to the potential energy of the pole vaulter when she is above the bar.

The potential energy of the pole vaulter when she is above the bar is:

PE = mgh

PE = 49 kg × 9.8 m/s² × h

PE = 477.2 h J

Setting the difference in kinetic energy equal to the potential energy, we get:

2745 J = 477.2 h J

h = 5.7 m

Therefore, the altitude of the pole vaulter as she crosses the bar is 5.7 meters.

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In the given pith ball experiment with charges of 6.8 x 10^-6 C and 10.5 x 10^-6 C, and a mass of 45 grams each, positioned 0.50 m apart at an angle of 27.72°, the magnitudes of the tension in each string, gravitational force, and electrostatic force are approximately 0.456 N, 0.441 N, and 4.704 N, respectively.

To solve this problem, we need to analyze the forces acting on each pith ball: the tension in the strings, the gravitational force, and the electrostatic force.

1. Tension in each string, T:

Using the given values:

T = (0.045 kg × 9.8 m/s^2) / cos(27.72°)

T ≈ 0.456 N (rounded to three decimal places)

2. Gravitational force, Fg:

Using the given values:

Fg = 0.045 kg × 9.8 m/s^2

Fg ≈ 0.441 N (rounded to three decimal places)

3. Electrostatic force, Fq:

Using the given values and Coulomb's law:

Fq = (8.99 × 10^9 N m^2/C^2) × (6.8 × 10^(-6) C) × (10.5 × 10^(-6) C) / (0.50 m)^2

Fq ≈ 4.704 N (rounded to three decimal places)

Therefore, the values for the magnitudes of the tension in each string (T), the gravitational force (Fg), and the electrostatic force (Fq) are approximate:

T ≈ 0.456 N

Fg ≈ 0.441 N

Fq ≈ 4.704 N

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The final volume of the gas, when the pressure changes from 55.1 kPa to 98.7 kPa at constant temperature, is approximately 27.9 m³.

To solve this problem, we can use Boyle's Law, which states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.

Boyle's Law can be represented by the equation: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume.

Given:

Initial volume, V₁ = 50.0 m³

Initial pressure, P₁ = 55.1 kPa

Final pressure, P₂ = 98.7 kPa

Using Boyle's Law equation, we can rearrange it to solve for V₂:

V₂ = (P₁V₁) / P₂

Plugging in the given values:

V₂ = (55.1 kPa * 50.0 m³) / 98.7 kPa

Simplifying the expression:

V₂ ≈ 27.9 m³

Therefore, the final volume of the gas, when the pressure changes from 55.1 kPa to 98.7 kPa at constant temperature, is approximately 27.9 m³.

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