a) Alpha decay occurs when an unstable nuclide emits an alpha particle, (which is just a helium-4 atom), which contains 2 protons and 4 neutrons. This means that transmutation has occurred (since a nuclide of a different element will be produced), and this newly produced nuclide will have 2 fewer protons and 4 fewer neutrons than the original nuclide.
b) [tex]^{234}_{92} \text{U} \longrightarrow ^{4}_{2} \text{He}+^{230}_{90} \text{Th}[/tex]
c) Alpha decay occurs when an unstable nuclide emits a beta particle, (also known as an electron). This causes transmutation (since a nuclide of a different element will be produced), and this newly produced nuclide will have 1 more proton than the original nuclide.
d) [tex]^{131}_{53} \text{I} \longrightarrow ^{0}_{-1} \beta+^{131}_{54} \text{Xe}[/tex]
how can one establish whether a liquid sample extracted from a plant is pure
A calorimeter absorbs 2,508 J of energy from the snack shown in the data below. How much energy does the snack provide per
gram (J/g) according to the experiment?
The energy provided by the snack is obtained as 1254 J/g.
What is the energy of the snack?The calorimeter is used to measure the energy content of food. The food is burnt in the calorimeter in order to determine the amount of energy that it contains. The mass of the food burnt is converted to energy.
Mass of food burnt = 3.52 g - 1.52 g = 2 g
The energy that is provided by the snack in J/g = 2,508 J/ 2 g
= 1254 J/g
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Short Response
Directions: Base your answers to questions 6 and 7 on the information below and your knowledge of chemistry.
Ammonia, NH3(g), can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels in some internal combustion
engines. The reaction between ammonia and oxygen in an engine is represented by
the unbalanced equation below.
NH3(g) + O₂(g) → N₂(g) + H₂O(g) + energy
6. Balance the equation in the space below for the reaction of ammonia and oxygen, using the
smallest whole-number coefficients.
7. Show a numerical setup for calculating the mass, in grams, of a 4.2-mole sample of 0₂. Use 32
g/mol as the gram-formula mass of 0₂.
Answer:
6.)
7.) 134.4 g O₂
Explanation:
The unbalanced equation:
NH₃ (g) + O₂ (g) ---> N₂ (g) + H₂O (g) + energy
Reactants: 1 nitrogen, 3 hydrogen, 2 oxygen
Products: 2 nitrogen, 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen
The balanced equation:
4 NH₃ (g) + 3 O₂ (g) ---> 2 N₂ (g) + 6 H₂O (g) + energy
Reactants: 4 nitrogen, 12 hydrogen, 6 oxygen
Products: 4 nitrogen, 12 hydrogen, 6 oxygen
To convert from moles to grams, you need to multiply the starting value (4.2 moles) by the molar mass (32.00 g/mol). The molar mass can serve as a conversion because it technically means there are 32.00 grams O₂ per every 1 mole. It is important to arrange this ratio in a way that allows for the cancellation of units (the desired unit should be in the numerator).
4.2 moles O₂ 32.00 g
-------------------- x ---------------- = 134.4 g O₂
1 mole
Which of the following is the best definition of a chemical change?
A. A change in a substance where one or more new substances form
B. A change in a substance where no new substance forms
C. A change in a substance where energy is conserved
OD. A change in a substance where a phase change occurs
Answer:A is correct
Explanation:
several balls and sticks glued together to represent a molecule
Answer:
The different elements are represented by their symbols one line shows a single bond and two lines show a double bond. This written representation is called a structural diagram
How many grams of Ag2S2O3 form
when 125.0 g AgBr reacts completely
according to the reaction below?
2AgBr + Na2S2O3 → Ag2S₂O3 + 2NaBr
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 109.09 grams of Ag₂S₂O₃ are formed when 125 g AgBr reacts completely.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 AgBr + Na₂S₂O₃ → Ag₂S₂O₃ + 2 NaBr
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
AgBr: 2 moles Na₂S₂O₃: 1 moleAg₂S₂O₃: 1 mole NaBr: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
AgBr: 187.77 g/moleNa₂S₂O₃: 158 g/moleAg₂S₂O₃: 327.74 g/moleNaBr: 102.9 g/moleThen, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
AgBr: 2 moles ×187.77 g/mole= 375.54 gramsNa₂S₂O₃: 1 mole ×158 g/mole= 158 gramsAg₂S₂O₃: 1 mole ×327.74 g/mole= 327.74 gramsNaBr: 2 moles ×102.9 g/mole= 205.8 gramsMass of Ag₂S₂O₃ formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 375.54 grams of AgBr form 327.74 grams of Ag₂S₂O₃, 125 grams of AgBr form how much mass of Ag₂S₂O₃?
[tex]mass of Ag_{2} S_{2} O_{3} =\frac{125 grams of AgBrx327.74 grams of Ag_{2} S_{2} O_{3}}{375.54 grams of AgBr}[/tex]
mass of Ag₂S₂O₃= 109.09 grams
Then, 109.09 grams of Ag₂S₂O₃ are formed when 125 g AgBr reacts completely.
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How do you separate a honey and water solution?
Answer:
Keep it undisturbed for some time and let it settle down. Then use a separating funnel, to separate them both
Explanation:
Calculate how many grams would be required to prepare 600. 0 ml of 0. 150 m of naf? molar mass of naf is 41. 9 g/mo
Considering the definition of molarity and molar mass, the mass of NaF required is 3.771 grams.
Definition of molarityMolar concentration or molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution and indicates the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a given volume.
The molarity of a solution is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the volume of the solution:
[tex]molarity=\frac{number of moles}{volume}[/tex]
Molarity is expressed in units [tex]\frac{moles}{liters}[/tex].
Definition of molar massThe molar mass of substance is a property defined as its mass per unit quantity of substance, in other words, molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.
Mass of NaF requiredIn this case, you know:
molarity= 0.15 M= 0.15 [tex]\frac{moles}{L}[/tex]number of moles= ?volume= 600 mL= 0.6 LReplacing in the definition of molarity:
[tex]0.15\frac{moles}{L} =\frac{number of moles}{0.6 L}[/tex]
Solving:
0.15 [tex]\frac{moles}{L}[/tex] × 0.6 L= number of moles
0.09 moles= number of moles
The molar mass of NaF is 41. 9 g/mol. So, you can apply the following rule of three: If by definition of molar mass 1 mole of the compound contains 41.9 grams, 0.09 moles of the compound contains how much mass?
[tex]mass=\frac{0.09 molesx41.9 grams}{1 mole}[/tex]
mass= 3.771 grams
Finally, the mass of NaF required is 3.771 grams.
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What is the answer to “An element is:”
Answer:
Option A
A pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom.
Explanation: An element is a pure substance and is made of only one type of atom; it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.
An element is defined as a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom.
What is an element?
It is defined as a substance which cannot be broken down further into any other substance. Each element is made up of its own type of atom. Due to this reason all elements are different from one another.
Elements can be classified as metals and non-metals. Metals are shiny and conduct electricity and are all solids at room temperature except mercury. Non-metals do not conduct electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature except carbon and sulfur.
The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element and is related to the atomic number.All atoms with same atomic number are atoms of same element.There are 118 elements known to exist either naturally or artificially.
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One of the postulates of bohr's atomic model of a moving electron is that angular momentum of a moving electron is quantized. Explain its meaning and calculate the angular momentum of third orbit (i.e n=3)
The angular momentum of an electron in the third Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atom is given by mvr=3h÷2π
What is momentum?Momentum is defined as the amount of motion occurring in something that is moving, or the force that drives something forward to keep it moving.
Bohr never assumed stable electronic orbits with the electronic angular momentum quantized as
l=mvr = [tex]\frac{nh}{2pi}[/tex]
Quantization of angular momentum means that the radius of the orbit and the energy will be quantized as well.
Bohr assumed that the discrete lines seen in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom were due to transitions of an electron from one allowed orbit/energy to another.
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Select the correct answer.
What is the purpose of the arrow in a chemical equation?
OA. It indicates the direction in which the reaction occurs.
OB.
It separates the elements from the compounds.
OC.
It indicates the direction of increase in the number of molecules.
It indicates the direction of heat movement in a reaction.
O D.
Reset
Next
Answer: A. It indicates the direction in which the reaction occurs.
How many moles of water form
when would be required to react
with 183.5 g Ba(OH)2 reacts with
excess HBr?
2HBr + Ba(OH)2 → BaBr2 + 2H₂O
[?] mol H₂O
Why do you think it is important to record your data with all the decimals provided by the instruments even if they are zero? how does this help with data analysis?
It is important to record your data with all the decimals provided by the instruments even if they are zero because it increases the accuracy of the measurement.
What is accuracy in experimentation?Accuracy refers to the ability to take correct measurement values during a specific experiment and/or observational procedure.
Accuracy is a fundamental issue in data analysis and helps to obtain conclusions from a given experimental procedure.
In conclusion, it is important to record your data with all the decimals provided by the instruments even if they are zero because it increases the accuracy of the measurement.
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Figure 2 shows what happens to the electrons in the outer shells when a sodium atom reacts with a fluorine atom.
The dots (•) and crosses (x) represent electrons.
Describe, as fully as you can, what happens when sodium reacts with
fluorine to produce sodium fluoride.
Sodium reacts with fluorine to make a covalent bond between them. A covalent bond is formed when there is a mutual sharing of electrons between the two adjacent atoms.
Here, Sodium is metal and fluorine is non-metal. So, the bond between them may be an ionic bond, but as the Sodium has one valence electron and fluorine is highly electronegative. Sodium wants to lose electrons and fluorine wants to gain electrons to form a chemical bond. Therefore, the sodium donates its valence electron to fluorine, forms a cation, and fluorine accepts the electron and forms an anion and they distribute the difference in the charge between them.
So, we can say that when sodium and fluorine react to form sodium fluoride with a covalent bond.
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