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The One-Child policy was a population control policy that was implemented in China in 1979. The policy aimed to control the rapidly growing population, which was seen as a threat to the country's economic and social development.

China's population had grown rapidly after World War II, and by the 1970s, it was approaching one billion. The government became increasingly concerned that this growth would lead to social, economic, and environmental problems, and that it would make it difficult to raise the standard of living for the population.

The One-Child policy was designed to address this problem by limiting the number of children that families could have. The policy stated that families could have only one child, and that those who violated the policy would be subject to fines, penalties, and sometimes forced abortions or sterilizations.

The policy had a number of goals, including reducing population growth, improving the health and welfare of mothers and children, and promoting economic growth. The government believed that the policy would help to reduce the strain on the country's resources, including land, water, and food.

The policy was controversial both within China and internationally. Critics argued that it violated human rights, particularly the right to have children, and that it led to a range of negative social and economic consequences, including a gender imbalance, an aging population, and a decrease in the labor force.

In 2015, the Chinese government announced that it was ending the One-Child policy, citing concerns about the aging population and a need to increase the birth rate. The policy was replaced with a Two-Child policy, which allows families to have two children. However, it is unclear how much impact this policy change has had on the country's birth rate.

Answer:

The One-Child Policy was a population control policy that was implemented by the Chinese government in 1979 and officially ended in 2015. The policy was introduced as a response to concerns about overpopulation and the strain it was placing on China's resources and economy.

At the time the policy was introduced, China was experiencing rapid population growth. The government feared that the country's resources would be unable to support its growing population, and that this would lead to economic and social instability. The One-Child Policy was intended to address these concerns by limiting the number of children that each family was allowed to have.

Under the policy, most couples were allowed to have only one child. In some cases, exceptions were made for families in rural areas or for families in which the first child was a girl. In addition, the policy was enforced through a system of fines, penalties, and incentives. Couples who violated the policy could face fines, job loss, and other penalties, while those who complied were eligible for benefits such as improved access to healthcare and education.

Despite its intentions, the One-Child Policy has been criticized for a number of reasons. Some have argued that it led to a number of human rights violations, including forced sterilizations and abortions. Others have noted that it has had unintended consequences, such as a gender imbalance resulting from a preference for male children and an aging population due to a lack of young people to care for the elderly. In addition, some have argued that the policy was unnecessary, as China's population growth rate was already declining before the policy was implemented.

In 2015, the Chinese government announced that it was ending the One-Child Policy and replacing it with a new policy that allows couples to have two children. This decision was largely driven by concerns about an aging population and a shrinking workforce, as well as criticism of the human rights violations associated with the One-Child Policy. However, the legacy of the One-Child Policy continues to be felt in China today, and its impact on the country's population and society will be studied and debated for years to come.

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were two important policies implemented by the United States after World War II to help rebuild Europe and contain the spread of communism.

The Truman Doctrine, announced by President Harry Truman in 1947, stated that the United States would provide military and economic assistance to countries threatened by communism. The doctrine was a response to the Soviet Union's expansionist policies in Eastern Europe and the fear that communism could spread throughout the world.

The Marshall Plan, officially known as the European Recovery Program, was announced by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947. The plan aimed to rebuild Europe by providing economic aid to Western European countries, including Germany, which had been devastated by the war. The plan offered financial assistance to help countries rebuild their economies, modernize their industries, and improve their infrastructure.

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan are related because they were both responses to the same concerns about the spread of communism and the need to rebuild Europe after World War II. The Truman Doctrine provided the framework for the United States to provide military and economic assistance to countries threatened by communism, while the Marshall Plan provided the economic aid necessary to rebuild the devastated economies of Western Europe. Together, these policies helped to strengthen the economies and political stability of Western Europe, and they played an important role in containing the spread of communism during the Cold War.

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were two major policies put forth by the United States in the aftermath of World War II, during the early years of the Cold War.

The Truman Doctrine was announced in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman and was a policy of providing military and economic aid to countries threatened by communism. The doctrine was a response to the growing Soviet influence in Eastern Europe and Asia, and the fear that communism would spread throughout the world. The Truman Doctrine provided the basis for U.S. foreign policy for the next several decades, and was the first major U.S. statement of containment, the strategy of preventing the spread of communism.

The Marshall Plan, officially known as the European Recovery Program, was also announced by President Truman in 1947. The plan was named after Secretary of State George Marshall and was a program of economic aid to rebuild the war-torn economies of Western Europe. The Marshall Plan was intended to help prevent the spread of communism in Europe by promoting economic growth and stability, and by strengthening the ties between the U.S. and its European allies.

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were closely related, as they both represented U.S. efforts to contain the spread of communism and to promote democracy and capitalism in the face of Soviet aggression. The two policies also worked hand in hand, with the Truman Doctrine providing the military and political support necessary to prevent communist takeovers, while the Marshall Plan provided the economic assistance necessary to rebuild and strengthen the economies of Western Europe. Together, these policies helped to stabilize Europe and prevent the spread of communism in the aftermath of World War II.

Economic Hardship

The Great Depression was when many different nation's economies struggled and inflation was very high.

Economic Hardship because everywhere, the world economy fell into recession. With even international creditors like the USA falling into crisis, it was certainly a time of economic hardship.

Answer: C

Explanation:

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C. Rivalries between powerful countries over colonies

(4) Formation of Democratic Governments